Cross-border e-commerce is a vital force in China’s foreign trade development and an important trend in international trade development. In June this year, the Ministry of Commerce and other departments jointly issued the Opinions on Expanding Cross-border E-commerce Exports and Promoting the Construction of Overseas Warehouses, aiming at expanding cross-border E-commerce exports, optimizing the layout of overseas warehouses and accelerating the cultivation of new kinetic energy of foreign trade. In this issue, invited experts will discuss relevant issues.

Leading the innovation and development of foreign trade formats

What are the characteristics and advantages of cross-border e-commerce compared with traditional foreign trade?

Wang Jian (Professor, university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics and Trade): Cross-border e-commerce is a new format and mode of foreign trade. The development and application of network information technology enables enterprises to innovate the mode of e-commerce, thus promoting the reform of foreign trade management mode.

The basic performance of cross-border e-commerce in the foreign trade industry is that many small and medium-sized foreign trade enterprises and other foreign trade operators can directly sell their goods to overseas final consumers through the Internet platform or their own independent websites. Cross-border e-commerce can bypass many intermediate links in previous trade, such as importers and exporters, wholesalers, retailers, etc., so that foreign trade operators can have direct transactions with overseas consumers. Cross-border e-commerce also enables many small and medium-sized enterprises to compete with traditional foreign trade enterprises and even multinational companies in the global market. The gap market formed by the fragmentation of the global consumer market and the personalized evolution of demand allows small and medium-sized enterprises to find their own development space.

Small and medium-sized enterprises can participate in global trade through cross-border e-commerce because there has been business model innovation in the global market in the past 20 years, that is, the third-party platform model. Third-party platforms empower small and medium-sized enterprises and drive the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce. For example, the combination of Alibaba, China Manufacturing Network, Amazon, Yi Bei and other platforms with domestic industrial belt manufacturers has driven a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises to go to sea. In recent years, through innovative service modes, such as the fully managed and semi-managed service modes of overseas e-commerce platforms Temu and Shein, and the combination of short videos such as Tiktok and e-commerce, the platform has once again promoted the export of China manufacturing through cross-border e-commerce to a record high. According to official statistics, the import and export volume of cross-border e-commerce in China has exceeded 2 trillion yuan.

2023 is a year of explosive growth of cross-border electronic commerce in the world. The COVID-19 epidemic indirectly promoted the rapid development of e-commerce in the world. According to statistics, in 2023, 2.64 billion consumers around the world will have at least one online shopping experience. It is estimated that global e-commerce sales will increase by 50% in the next three years.

Cross-border e-commerce is leading the global market transformation. At present, the scale of cross-border e-commerce trade in all regions of the world has increased significantly, and consumers and business circles are concerned about the changes brought by cross-border e-commerce to global trade. Cross-border e-commerce has not only become an important choice for consumers in mature markets such as Europe and America, but also in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.

Compared with traditional foreign trade, cross-border e-commerce has the following basic characteristics and advantages.

First, cross-border e-commerce has fragmented global trade. Because most cross-border e-commerce companies receive orders directly from overseas consumers, and network information technology makes global market information transparent and market trends change rapidly, foreign trade orders tend to be small and multi-frequency. Foreign trade service enterprises are also constantly innovating to provide various cross-border transportation and distribution methods to adapt to the development trend of fragmented trade.

Second, small and medium-sized enterprises participate in global trade in large quantities. Relying on the cross-border e-commerce platform, SMEs can quickly sell their products to consumers anywhere in the world. The third-party platform of cross-border e-commerce can provide foreign trade services such as information matching, payment and settlement, trade financing, etc., which greatly reduces the threshold for SMEs to participate in global trade, and the global market shows a trend of inclusive trade.

Third, cross-border e-commerce has changed the traditional trade process. Cross-border e-commerce sellers can pre-sell products on overseas e-commerce platforms, or test changes in market consumption preferences through "small orders and quick returns" to obtain the latest trends in overseas market consumption through data in the fastest way. This enables small and medium-sized enterprises to quickly lead overseas consumer markets and gain competitive advantages.

Fourth, cross-border e-commerce has formed a special international cooperation ecological service system. Although cross-border e-commerce can be understood as selling products directly to overseas final consumers, the development of cross-border e-commerce not only includes online marketing, sales and supply chain operation, but also involves many cooperation between horizontal and cross-border e-commerce operators based on the Internet. For example, cross-border e-commerce enterprises selling clothes in Africa should not only lay out the supply chain of cross-border e-commerce in China, but also cooperate with fashion designers, models, online celebrity and even local physical stores in Africa to establish a cross-border service ecosystem. China’s cross-border e-commerce enterprises and platforms pay more and more attention to integrating local resources into the cross-border e-commerce service system, which will help to create new cooperation models with host countries.

After more than 20 years of development, China’s cross-border e-commerce has become an important driving force to lead the innovation and development of foreign trade formats. At present, cross-border e-commerce continues to innovate. Through the pilot project in cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zone, we attach great importance to the innovation of foreign trade mode and format, promote the digital transformation and international cooperation of foreign trade enterprises, and lay a solid foundation for the high-quality development of cross-border e-commerce. Model innovation, regulatory innovation, policy innovation and format innovation, which interact and integrate with each other, have become the main theme of cross-border e-commerce development.

Release consumption and supply dividends to the world

What is the significance of expanding cross-border e-commerce exports to foreign trade development? How effective has China’s cross-border e-commerce development achieved?

Li Mingtao (Dean, China International Electronic Commerce Center Research Institute, Ministry of Commerce): At present, China’s foreign trade export growth is facing greater uncertainty, global inflation has weakened external demand, geopolitical factors have caused logistics costs to rise, and trade protectionism in traditional key export markets such as the United States and the European Union has risen, which has become a major challenge for many foreign trade export enterprises.

In recent years, China’s cross-border e-commerce has maintained a rapid development trend, and its proportion in the scale of foreign trade import and export has been increasing, which has become a new channel for foreign trade enterprises to cope with global trade challenges. According to the statistics of the General Administration of Customs, in 2023, China’s cross-border e-commerce import and export was 2.38 trillion yuan, up 15.6% year-on-year, accounting for 5.7% of the total import and export value of goods trade in the same period, of which exports were 1.83 trillion yuan, up 19.6% year-on-year. In the first quarter of this year, China’s cross-border e-commerce import and export was 577.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%. Cross-border e-commerce has become an important part of China’s import and export trade and an important channel for foreign trade enterprises to carry out import and export business.

At present, China is building a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other. Giving full play to the role of cross-border e-commerce as a strategic new channel can further enhance the global appeal of the powerful domestic market, effectively release the productivity of the domestic supply chain, and continuously enhance China’s ability to co-ordinate the domestic and international markets and resources. Cross-border e-commerce has always been at the forefront of opening to the outside world. China has fully released the dividends of market consumption and manufacturing supply to the world through the active opening policy in the field of cross-border e-commerce, which is conducive to expanding imports, promoting balanced trade development, and allowing more global high-quality goods to enter the China market to meet the needs of domestic consumption upgrading; It is also conducive to encouraging more China goods, brands and services to go abroad, tapping the advantages of China’s manufacturing and supply chain to explore the global market, and bringing more development dividends to global consumers. Cross-border e-commerce serves the online purchasing needs of consumers and buyers around the world for high-quality goods, connecting manufacturers, brands, traders and even individual online merchants from all over the world, and building an efficient online trade channel driven by technology. Relying on the new channel of cross-border e-commerce, Chinese enterprises have the extensive ability to directly reach the global terminal consumption and procurement needs.

In order to better serve the development needs of cross-border e-commerce industry, China has approved the construction of 165 cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zones (hereinafter referred to as "Cross-border e-commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zones") in seven batches since 2015, covering 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong have achieved full coverage of prefecture-level cities. As the main policy carrier to support the cross-border e-commerce industry, the core of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area is to build "six systems and two platforms", namely, information sharing system, financial service system, intelligent logistics system, e-commerce credit system, risk prevention and control system and statistical monitoring system, as well as online comprehensive service platform and offline industrial park platform. Focusing on the development of cross-border e-commerce industry and the construction of comprehensive test area, China has successively issued a series of supportive and convenient policies for cross-border e-commerce, such as free customs clearance form for bonded stocking, check and release of parcel export list, summary statistics, tax exemption without tickets, 4% approved income tax for cross-border e-commerce retail enterprises, direct export from cross-border electronic commerce enterprises to enterprises, and facilitation of cross-border e-commerce export return.

The cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area faces the needs of local industrial development, and continues to invest in carrier construction, hub building and policy innovation, strengthening the construction of "six systems and two platforms", especially deepening innovation in the public services of "six systems". On this basis, we will give priority to serving the export of China’s advantageous industries, vigorously develop the "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt", tap the strong domestic supply chain capabilities through cross-border e-commerce, let more and better goods go out to serve the global market through cross-border e-commerce, build the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area into the main channel to support the standardized development and convenient services of cross-border e-commerce, and continuously improve the personalized and refined service level for the development needs of cross-border e-commerce enterprises, so that enterprises can truly enjoy the state’s taxation, foreign exchange settlement and customs clearance. At the same time, improve the infrastructure of public overseas warehouses, accelerate the construction of cross-border e-commerce public data service platforms, and cultivate more cross-border e-commerce export brand enterprises.

Overseas warehouses provide strong support for export e-commerce

What convenience can overseas warehouses provide for exporting e-commerce? What concrete achievements have been made in the construction and development of overseas warehouses in China?

Wang Huimin (researcher, Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce): Overseas warehouses refer to warehouses built or rented and operated by cross-border e-commerce related enterprises overseas, which provide comprehensive services such as overseas customs clearance, storage, transshipment, sorting, packaging, labeling, distribution and after-sales for cross-border e-commerce goods. Under the mode of cross-border e-commerce exporting overseas warehouses, enterprises can export cross-border e-commerce goods to overseas warehouses in batches first, and then deliver the goods from overseas warehouses to overseas consumers after the cross-border e-commerce platform generates orders. According to different clients, it is divided into self-operated overseas warehouses, third-party overseas warehouses and platform-type overseas warehouses.

Specifically, overseas warehouses can provide various conveniences for exporting e-commerce.

Conducive to improving the localization experience of consumers. In the traditional cross-border e-commerce logistics system, when overseas consumers place an order, the goods are transported from China to foreign countries and then distributed to consumers, which takes a long time and is difficult to support the return. Overseas warehouses transport goods overseas for stocking in advance, which can effectively shorten the delivery time of goods, ensure the stable supply of goods, improve the after-sales service ability and enhance the consumption experience in all directions.

It is conducive to optimizing the export structure of cross-border e-commerce. Compared with air transportation, the centralized transportation mode of overseas warehouses has broken through the restrictions on the weight, volume and nature of goods, and enriched the categories of goods exported by cross-border e-commerce. Overseas warehouses use big data technology to analyze inventory, cargo turnover, customer feedback, etc., and can find changes in consumer demand in time, and feed back information to domestic foreign trade enterprises, driving foreign trade enterprises to quickly develop new products and adjust product supply.

Conducive to cross-border e-commerce supply chain to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Overseas warehouses can achieve a good balance in reducing logistics costs and improving logistics efficiency. The docking of overseas warehouse management platform with enterprise resource planning systems of manufacturers and traders can promote the unification of production and stocking and meeting consumer demand, and alleviate problems such as insufficient inventory or unsalable goods. The supply chain management system of overseas warehouse construction is connected and linked with the cross-border e-commerce platform, which can realize the whole process tracking and dynamic management of source procurement, logistics and transportation, overseas sales and after-sales service, improve the efficiency of goods turnover, improve the accuracy of overseas stocking, and enhance the flexibility of supply chain. Build an overseas integrated service system with overseas warehouses as the core, and digitally connect with the domestic integrated service system to effectively improve the efficiency and level of cross-border e-commerce supply chain.

Conducive to cross-border e-commerce and local common development. In order to improve the localization service level, overseas warehouses gradually deepen cooperation with local governments, hire and train local employees, set up local management teams, and jointly operate distribution networks with foreign enterprises. Overseas warehouses can increase local employment, residents’ income and national tax revenue, and drive local businesses to improve their service capabilities. At the same time, it is also conducive to Chinese enterprises to understand local customs, consumption habits, lifestyles, etc., and better promote Chinese products and brands.

In recent years, the development of overseas warehouses in China has achieved remarkable results, which has strongly supported cross-border e-commerce exports.

First, the scale of overseas warehouses has grown rapidly. Overseas warehouses have increased from more than 1,200 in 2019 to more than 2,500 in 2023, more than doubling. The area of overseas warehouses has increased rapidly, the number of service enterprises has been increasing, and the categories of service goods have been enriched. In 2023, China’s overseas warehouse area exceeded 30 million square meters.

Second, the types and subjects of overseas warehouses are diversified. With the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce business, cross-border e-commerce platforms, cross-border logistics, cross-border supply chains, foreign trade and other enterprises actively participate in the construction of overseas warehouses and carry out differentiated services with their own unique advantages. Cross-border e-commerce sellers can choose suitable overseas warehouses according to their own business characteristics and sales scale.

The third is to expand the service function to high value. More and more overseas warehouses cooperate closely with cross-border e-commerce platforms and foreign trade enterprises to realize the linkage of manufacturing, logistics and transportation, multi-warehouse stocking and online sales, and enhance the stability and flexibility of cross-border supply chain. In order to enhance the product competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises, overseas warehouse enterprises continue to expand their service functions. The main value-added services include customs clearance integration, supply chain finance, international compliance consulting, precision marketing promotion, personalized customization and other services, as well as guiding foreign trade enterprises to quickly develop new products according to consumer demand. The localization service of overseas warehouses has enhanced the trust of overseas consumers in cross-border e-commerce platforms and sellers.

Fourth, the level of automation and intelligence of overseas warehouses has improved. Overseas warehouses usually include cross-border e-commerce goods storage center, commodity sorting system, warehouse management system, order management system and local logistics distribution system, equipped with automatic transmission lines, sorting lines, three-dimensional warehouse stackers, robots and other automatic equipment, and strengthen the interconnection of related information systems. Overseas warehouse enterprises continue to increase investment in R&D, and independently develop and deploy various operating systems, such as warehouse management system, cargo tracking system, automatic sorting system, intelligent dispatching system, supply chain management system, business intelligence analysis system, etc., to improve the automation and intelligence level of overseas warehouses.

Fifth, the global layout of overseas warehouses has been gradually optimized. Developed countries are the main markets for China’s cross-border e-commerce exports, and they were also important areas for China’s overseas warehouse construction. With the continuous expansion of cross-border e-commerce export market, emerging markets have become the focus of a new round of overseas warehouse layout in China. China’s overseas warehouses are widely distributed in Europe and the United States, countries and regions that have jointly built the "Belt and Road", and continue to optimize their layout according to changes in market demand.

Actively grasp the opportunity of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt"

How do you view the role of cross-border e-commerce in empowering industry development?

Zong Fangyu (Director of the Research Office of the Foreign Economic Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center): In 2023, the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Stable Scale and Excellent Structure of Foreign Trade proposed that all localities should be encouraged to combine their industrial and endowment advantages to innovate and build a comprehensive cross-border e-commerce pilot zone, actively develop the "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt" model, and drive cross-border e-commerce enterprises to export to enterprises. In June this year, the Opinions on Expanding Cross-border E-commerce Exports and Promoting the Construction of Overseas Warehouses issued by the Ministry of Commerce and other nine departments proposed to vigorously support the development of cross-border e-commerce empowerment industries.

In recent years, based on the industrial base, all localities have actively joined the new cross-border e-commerce track, forming a large number of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belts" with distinctive characteristics and international competitiveness. Cross-border e-commerce has the advantages of market channel and business model, and industrial belt has the advantages of manufacturing and products. The two are mutually connected and promoted, forming a new model and new kinetic energy for China to participate in international trade. Guangzhou Cosmetics Industrial Belt, Shunde Small Household Appliances Industrial Belt, Yiwu Small Commodity Industrial Belt, Nantong Home Textile Industrial Belt, etc., which have their own characteristics, have quickly become important participants in international trade in sub-sectors with the empowerment of cross-border e-commerce.

Cross-border e-commerce helps the industry to rapidly expand the international market with high-quality products. Cross-border e-commerce has a fast growth and strong driving force, and its proportion in China’s goods trade has been increasing, driving industrial belt products to achieve high growth. On the one hand, cross-border e-commerce improves the efficiency of product exhibition and sales, so that the supply of products is directly connected with the demand of the international market in real time, and the products are displayed and sold to international customers after being put on the e-commerce platform; On the other hand, cross-border e-commerce has greatly expanded the market scope, changing the limitation that traditional product orders are mainly for a certain range of traders and buyers, not only for corporate customers, but also directly for large-scale individual consumers, covering a wider and deeper international market.

Cross-border e-commerce helps small and medium-sized business entities in industrial belts to deeply participate in economic globalization. There are more than 120,000 cross-border e-commerce business entities in China, a large number of which are small and medium-sized enterprises. Limited by the lack of international resources and asymmetric information, some small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises are limited by manufacturing links and OEM models. Cross-border e-commerce provides enterprises with a convenient "interface" to enter the international market. Many small and medium-sized enterprises quickly become micro-multinational companies, seize the opportunity of internationalization, actively build their own brands, participate in the whole process of product internationalization, and successfully obtain higher added value in the global value chain.

Cross-border e-commerce reshapes the organizational model of industrial belt. In terms of technology and business model, cross-border e-commerce connects the whole chain of industries such as design, procurement, production, logistics, finance, trade and sales through digital empowerment, and promotes the efficient flow of key elements such as logistics, information flow and capital flow. In terms of demand traction, the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce puts forward higher requirements for the response and support ability of industrial belts. After digital reconstruction and industrial upgrading, industrial belts have formed an efficient linkage industrial chain and ecosystem. For example, traditional industrial belts such as textiles, clothing and household products that have joined cross-border e-commerce show a trend of digitalization and intelligence.

Cross-border e-commerce promotes industrial belts to enhance innovation advantages. With the real-time analysis and judgment of cross-border e-commerce consumer demand big data and the efficient and integrated industrial cooperation system, the innovation process of products and categories has become more active, accurate, fast and flexible, thus enabling the industrial belt to form innovative advantages in core competitiveness such as iterative innovation of featured products and leading industrial trends. For example, relying on Guangzhou’s "Cross-border E-commerce+Clothing Industry Belt", the design and listing of a garment has been shortened from two or three months in the traditional mode to more than ten days, forming the innovative advantage of "small order and quick return" and leading the fashion consumption trend.

Cross-border e-commerce promotes the radiation extension of industrial belts and promotes new industrial belts. The high growth of cross-border e-commerce has continuously formed a radiation linkage around the industrial belt, attracting and gathering more specialized resources to join the industrial belt and promoting the industrial belt to become bigger and stronger. At the same time, the innovation speed of cross-border e-commerce format is fast, and the consumer demand is changing with each passing day. Some areas show new features such as diversification, niche and customization, which constantly spawns industrial belts featuring new categories and formats.

In the future, we should actively grasp the opportunity of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt" and promote the integrated development of digital economy and real economy. Efforts should be made to cultivate well-known brands of cross-border e-commerce, encourage enterprises with outstanding competitive advantages and great potential to improve their brand international popularity, and drive industrial belts to enhance their position in international trade and global value chains. Using "AI+ cross-border e-commerce" to form a new empowerment for the industrial belt, the breakthrough of AI technology is expected to accelerate the innovation and transformation of the whole process such as manufacturing, R&D and design, consumer demand and business model, and open up new space for the integrated development of cross-border e-commerce and industrial belts. Promote the green transformation of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt", introduce green technologies, provide more green products, and form new advantages in green development. Encourage accurate two-way cooperation between cross-border e-commerce platforms and industrial belts, guide more sub-sectors to develop into characteristic industrial belts, and build a platform for more SMEs to participate in the new cross-border e-commerce model. Improve the comprehensive service level of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt", increase the cultivation and supply of compound talents, provide a good development environment for business entities, and accelerate the cultivation of benchmark industrial belts.

Source: Cyberblue

The medical administration department pays more attention to the management of health undertakings, while the medical emergency department pays more attention to risk prevention and control, thus playing a complementary role and promoting reform and development.

01 　 　

Institutions such as the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority officially changed their names.

On November 8th, the National Health and Wellness Commission officially updated the adjustment of internal institutions in official website.

As can be seen from the updated website, the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority of the National Health and Wellness Committee has been renamed as the Medical Administration Department, which consists of a comprehensive department, a medical resource department, a medical institution department, a medical management department, a medical quality and evaluation department and a nursing and rehabilitation department.

The Department of Medical Administration is responsible for formulating management policies, norms and standards for medical institutions and medical personnel, medical technology application, medical quality and medical services, and supervising their implementation, and for promoting the development of mental health and mental health, nursing and rehabilitation; Formulate operation supervision, performance evaluation and assessment system, etc.

The Health Emergency Office of the National Health and Wellness Committee (Emergency Command Center for Public Health Emergencies) was renamed as the Medical Emergency Department, which consists of a comprehensive department (professional ethics department), a medical emergency management department, a medical emergency guidance department, a public health medical management department, a medical safety and blood management department, and a medical supervision department to organize and coordinate the response to infectious diseases.

The medical emergency department undertakes the construction of medical emergency system, and organizes and guides the medical treatment and emergency medical rescue work of various public emergencies; To formulate policies and standards for the management of medical safety, medical supervision, blood collection and supply institutions and morals construction, and organize their implementation; Formulate policies and norms for the prevention and control of major diseases and chronic diseases and supervise their implementation.

The Party Committee of the National Health and Wellness Commission (Office of the Leading Group for the Inspection Work of the Party Group) is responsible for the Party building and discipline inspection work of the organs and units directly under Beijing, leading the work organized by the organs and groups, and undertaking the internal inspection work. The Party Committee of the organ shall set up an organ discipline inspection commission to undertake the work related to discipline inspection, party style and clean government building of the organs and units directly under Beijing.

In addition, official website no longer has the Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention and the Bureau of Comprehensive Supervision.

The above adjustments originated from the Notice on Adjusting the Functional Allocation, Internal Organizations and Staffing of the National Health and Wellness Committee issued by the General Office of the State Council, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), which came into force on January 24, 2022. After a lapse of half a year, it was officially updated in the official website of Health and Health Commission, which may mean that the preliminary preparations have been completed and the follow-up work is about to start.

Someone in the industry told Cybertron that before, the medical administration and medical management under the Medical Administration and Hospital Authority were unified. After the adjustment, the medical administration department is mainly responsible for formulating policies, and most of the medical management work is handed over to the medical emergency department.

According to the division of responsibilities given in the Notice, the Department of Medical Administration undertakes to draw up management policies, norms and standards for medical institutions and medical personnel, medical technology application, medical quality and medical services, and supervise their implementation. The medical emergency department is responsible for formulating management policies and standards for medical safety, medical supervision and other industries and organizing their implementation.

After the adjustment, the medical administration department can pay more attention to health management, while the medical emergency department can pay more attention to risk prevention and control, thus playing a complementary role and promoting reform and development.

02 　 　

The disease control was transferred to the State Bureau of Disease Control for management.

As an important part of the public health system reform since the COVID-19 epidemic in China, the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention has been concerned since it was listed on May 13th, 2021.

In July this year, China CDC held a cadre meeting, at which the relevant personnel changes were announced: Shen Hongbing served as the director of China CDC, and Gao Fu no longer served as the director of China CDC because of his age. At the same time, the meeting pointed out that China CDC has recently been transferred from National Health Commission to the State CDC for management.

This is another major adjustment of National Health Commission’s internal structure, and it also means that National Health Commission and the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention have a clearer positioning of their functions and responsibilities in disease control.

Some people in the industry have raised concerns about this adjustment. According to the Provisions on Functional Allocation, Internal Organization and Staffing of the National Bureau for Disease Control and Prevention (hereinafter referred to as the "Three-Decision Plan"), the Emergency Disposal Department of the CDC undertakes the work related to the epidemic situation of infectious diseases, organizes the preparation of plans and conducts drills, undertakes the work of emergency system, capacity and team building, and puts forward suggestions on the variety and quantity of relevant emergency materials reserves, as well as opinions on material demand and distribution in emergency situations. Review the emergency plan of provincial disease prevention and control bureau and guide relevant work.

As mentioned above, the Medical Emergency Department of the Health and Health Commission undertakes the construction of the medical emergency system, organizes and guides the medical treatment and emergency medical rescue work of various public emergencies, and there is a certain "coincidence" in the division of labor between them.

Therefore, some insiders said that the implementation of relevant policies may need to break through two difficult problems: First, how to integrate medical prevention; The second is to clarify the responsibilities and rights of CDC, CDC and other units.

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　　　Cctv news　 In the report of the 19th National Congress, the implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy has brought great benefits to the medical and health industry. In recent years, the health industry has developed rapidly and has been called "the global ‘ after the IT industry; Wealth The 5th Wave ’ " . The improvement of national policies, public concern and the promotion of the market have provided fertile ground for the development of large health industries.

　　In October 2016, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Healthy China ‘ 2030’ Planning Outline ",clearly raising" Healthy China "as a national development strategy; In the report of the 19th National Congress, the call of "implementing the strategy of healthy China and developing the healthy industry" was clearly reiterated. At the two sessions this year, the National Health Planning Commission changed its name to National Health Commission, and the development of health industry began to shift from "focusing on treating diseases" to "focusing on people’s health". "Preventing diseases" was regarded as the "new blue ocean", and the big health industry became a new "window".

　　The change of demand has led to the change of the traditional health industry model. The big health industry with "prevention, treatment and maintenance" as its main industry has ushered in the "blue ocean era". Some experts predict that the big health industry will reach 10.5 trillion in 2020, with unlimited development prospects. The big health industry has attracted many cross-border giants to compete, including Baidu, Ali, Suning, Tencent, China Resources, Evergrande, Vanke and so on.

　　Under the background of such a booming healthy China and benefiting the world, Chinese medicine practitioners are naturally indispensable. The Outline of Healthy China 2030 Plan puts forward that the unique advantages of Chinese medicine will be brought into full play, and the quintessence of Chinese medicine will be given a strong impetus in the new era. How will Chinese medicine enterprises pursue the wave of this era? The strategic cooperation between Beijing Youmei Bio and Beijing Tongrentang Xing ‘an League is a beneficial attempt to integrate and develop the big health industry.

　　Recently, Beijing Youmei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Youmei Bio") has reached a strategic cooperation with Beijing Tongrentang Xing ‘an League Chinese Herbal Medicine Co., Ltd. Youmei Bio is a compound and innovative biotechnology company, which has developed a variety of big health products that combine the essence of Chinese herbal medicine and modern quantum technology. Founded in 1669, Beijing Tongrentang is a time-honored brand in the Chinese medicine industry.

　　As practitioners of the concept of great health, the two sides will devote themselves to building a great health ecological industry with a new business model and help implement the development strategy of "Healthy China".

He Xianfeng, a professor of traditional Chinese medicine at Xing ‘an League in Beijing Tongrentang, took a group photo with Feng Bin, chairman and president of Wu Rongfang.

　　　During the cooperation, the founder of Youmei Bio announced the strategic plan of "building the industrial chain of Big Health Group in the future, screening mature production bases to the whole country, reforming enterprise management, upgrading customer service, building business school system and health service center". Wu Rongfang, chairman of Youmei Bio, said: "I hope that the resource platform of the enterprise will enable each enterprise to gain more and develop better in cooperation, truly exert its energy and driving role, and contribute to the big health industry!"

　　Without national health, there will be no overall well-off society! The big health industry is becoming an important driving force for economic growth. It can be predicted that with the continuous acceleration of consumption upgrading and people’s increasing attention to the quality of life and physical health, this industry will usher in an unprecedented golden development period.

The train runs fast, thanks to the headband.

Just like the "locomotive", the train that pulls the China brand off-road vehicle and the China hard-core off-road vehicle market roared forward-although the tank 300 is not the pioneer of the China brand off-road vehicle, its launch has made the potential energy of the weak China brand off-road vehicle more and more powerful, and it has also made a niche.The dull hard-core off-road vehicle market is becoming more and more active.

A set of data can best explain the "speed" and energy of the tank 300. At the end of 2020, Tank 300 went on the market, and in 2021, the sales volume of Tank 300 reached 85,000, accounting for 42% of the market share of the whole hard-core off-road vehicle, which became an instant hit.

In 2018, the sales volume of hard-core off-road vehicles in China was less than 100,000 units. By 2022, the sales volume of hard-core off-road vehicles in China reached 210,000 units, which doubled in two years. Among them, the sales volume of Tank 300 exceeded 100,000, accounting for 48% of the market share. Tank 300 has activated the hard-core off-road vehicle market in China by itself.

Authoritative data shows that,Among the four best-selling hard-core off-road vehicles in the world in 2022, the tank 300 is second only to.Jeep WranglerRanked second.Behind the tank 300 are the "hard-core veteran players" Bronco and Prado-this is also the "only four" hard-core off-road vehicle with annual sales of more than 100,000 vehicles worldwide.

Tank 300 became the first hard-core off-road vehicle of China brand to really wrestle with the global "top-stream" hard-core off-road vehicle.

In the three years since its listing in December, 2020, the cumulative sales volume of Tanks 300 reached 289,126, ranking first in the sales volume of off-road SUVs in China for 35 consecutive months.

The continuous hot sale of the Tank 300 has invisibly increased the potential energy of the hard-core off-road vehicle market, and many off-road vehicles of China brand have indirectly become the beneficiaries of the "potential energy dividend".

For example, the sales of BJ40, which went on the market earlier, were depressed at first because of the hard-core off-road niche models, but thanks to the trendy marketing of Tank 300 hard-core off-road and its influence on consumers’ minds, the sales of BJ40 also appeared gratifying.The growth of.

More importantly, the tank 300 not only has a positive "pull" effect on the hard-core off-road vehicle market, but also makes the "square box" gradually become an aesthetic trend in the whole automobile market-even in the new energy market, the "square box" has become a common practice.

In the past three years, the "phenomenon" of Tank 300 has been a hot topic in the automobile circle-why is Tank 300 successful and why is it frank?Can the success of G 300 last?

Tank 300 makes the impossible possible.

Before the listing of Tank 300, the hard-core off-road vehicles that China consumers could buy were either expensive and difficult for most consumers to afford; Either the price is relatively close to the people, but the quality and reliability are not so good. For example, Beijing BJ40 and Tanker 300 were listed earlier, but because of the user’s word of mouth, the market performance and presence are not good.

Before Tank 300, in 2019, the most reliable hard-core off-road vehicle that consumers could buy was the domestic Toyota Prado, but the price of Prado’s entry model was close to 500,000 yuan. High price, many off-road players can only "Looking at the ocean and sighing. "

In June 2020,The domestic Prado stopped production, even on the eve of the production stop, the Prado terminal only had a discount of several thousand yuan. The firm price of Prado also reflects consumers’ pursuit and desire for hard-core off-road vehicles at that time.

More than a month after Prado officially announced the suspension of production, in July 2020, the Chengdu Auto Show Tank 300 made its world debut for the first time, and the ground thundered. Tank 300 has become the most concerned model in Chengdu Auto Show.

During the 20 days from the pre-sale of Guangzhou Auto Show in late November to its listing on December 17th, the order for tank 300 exceeded 10,000.Officially listed at 175,800 yuanThe starting price has set a new benchmark for the price of hard-core off-road vehicles. Since then, the tank 300 has been in short supply. On the APP, "reminder"It has become the most common thing that users do in tanks.

The off-road version is in short supply and the production capacity is limited, which makes my cherished tank 300 city version officially listed on July 23, more than seven months later. I successfully placed an order at 0: 08 on July 24, 2021, becoming Tan.One of the 300 "reminders" army. After that, we waited for more than five months. It was not until the end of December 2021 that we got the car keys of Tank 300.

From the tank owner’s point of view, there is only one reason for choosing the tank 300: the price-performance ratio of the tank 300 is "extreme". It used to cost hundreds of thousands to buy a reliable hard-core off-road vehicle, but the tank 300 can be easily done as long as it is in its early 200 thousand. In addition, driving a hard-core off-road vehicle can go to many places that are difficult for cars to reach. I told my daughter that we can only look from one side of the river to the other, but the tank 300 can carry us from there to here. Seeing the world from another perspective may make you see different scenery and be more interesting.

of course，Another important reason why many players are betting on the tank 300 is thatGreat Wall MotorRecognition and trust of hard-core off-road vehicles accumulated in technology for more than 20 years. Off-road vehicles, not cool appearance, fashionable configuration, sharp acceleration, but stability and reliability.

More importantly, the tank 300 has drawn a "boundary" with the dull traditional hard-core off-road vehicle since its listing; In addition to the traditional hard-core products of off-road vehicles such as "three locks", "part-time 4wd" and "front double wishbone rear integral suspension",Tank 300 also integrates the trend, fashion and off-road lifestyle into marketing, which makes the hard-core off-road vehicle have the attribute of "hard-core fashion toy" for young people for the first time.. This is unprecedented in cross-country circles.

The ultimate performance, the ultimate cost performance and the creative marketing of "fashion hard-core big toys" of hard-core off-road vehicles have jointly achieved the top 300 tanks.There is no "tank phenomenon".

Emotion-driven cross-country

At first glance, the continuous success of Tank 300 is the success of the product, but in essence it is the success of the brand concept.

Tank 300 has laid a distinctive IP for the hard-core off-road of the tank brand, and the tank brand is also subtly "empowering" the tank 300.

Liu Yanzhao, CEO of the tank brand, made it clear in an interview that "we insist on the brand proposition of’ iron man’s tenderness’. Tanks have both the tough side of hard-core off-road strength and the tender side of off-road feelings.Tanks are not only cars, but also off-roadWe insist on working with users to create a desirable lifestyle, and in this process, we will establish an emotional bond and empathy between the brand and users. "

The tank brand is "not only about cars, but also about off-road". What is reflected behind this concept is that the tank brand wants to make off-road a reality.Lifestyle, and then let the brand and users, users and users form a solid emotional link. Therefore, tank brand activities, together with users.Play quite "out of the circle".

In March last year, the first user brand conference of tanks was that tank brand owners played the role of organizers and completed all activities from user conference planning to on-site hosting and performance. At the conference,TANK damage released "tank" LIFE Tanks burn life "user brand, and this also builds a" brand moat "outside the product..????????

San Pu, a famous Japanese sociologist, said in the 4th Consumer Consumption Era:People’s judgment of value is no longer confined to the satisfaction of material and service consumption, but whether the relationship between consumers and people can be established. Consumers promote communication with people and form a circle by buying goods, which is the significance of future "human" consumption. From this perspective, tank 300 has become the spiritual carrier of people who love off-road lifestyle.?????????

Modification, co-creation and cross-country culture are also important ties between tank brands and users, which is also an important starting point for tank brands to "expand their circle". At present,Car owners selectively modify their cars according to their own intentions, which is also a part of tank brand culture.

For example, one of the most groundbreaking and representative modification schemes is to replace the highlights of retro models.Hub-A hub scheme of spoke plate based on the stamping process of steel hub in 1960s and 1970s.

Before the birth of Tank 300, this retro scheme was only sought after in Japan’s minority circles. Now, the tank is 300 straight.The market for retro wheels has caught fire. In this case, the retro wheel hub brand is naturally very willing to participate in the co-creation of tank brands and the construction of tank brand culture.

It is worth mentioning that the tank brand also provides opportunities for tank users in different fields to show exchanges and win-win cooperation in brand activities. I know a friend who is a car simulation RC remote control car. He is also the owner of the tank 300. After the tank 300 became increasingly popular, he put more energy into developing the simulation RC remote control car of the tank 300.

At present, the simulation RC remote control car of tank 300 has become a minor celebrity in the off-road circle. My friend got the pleasure of cross-country life through the tank 300, and at the same time realized the business "circle expansion" with the help of the tank platform.

Liu Yanzhao said, "Tank is a platform, on which everyone can have their own business model and reasonable business model, so that they can support us and we can drive them.”。

Write it at the backTank 300 has become a "national hard-core off-road vehicle", and it is also the popularization of hard-core off-road vehicle culture in China. In a certain sense, the birth of Tank 300 and the continuous popularity of its sales are the signs that China’s automobile market has changed from growth to maturity-since Tank 300, China’s automobile consumption has really entered an era of personalization and fun.

Tank 300 is the "locomotive" of China brand hard-core off-road vehicle, which is worthy of the name.

Oil prices remain high, and people pay great attention to fuel consumption when buying a car. In order to reduce the cost of using vehicles, some people choose electric vehicles, some prefer diesel vehicles, and others prefer hybrid models. When it comes to hybrid models, many people will think of Toyota first. Especially after the recent listing of the ninth generation, the attention paid to Toyota hybrid is higher. However, some people want to choose a reliable, fuel-efficient and mileage-free twin engine, so GAC Toyota smart electric hybrid twin engine is worth considering.

First of all, Toyota’s intelligent electric hybrid twin-engine is trustworthy. After 26 years of development, it is not accidental to maintain the record of "0 accident, 0 explosion and 0 leakage" and achieve such impressive results. Secondly, as the first vehicle equipped with Toyota 2.0L fifth-generation intelligent electric hybrid twin-engine system, in addition to the power of this intelligent hybrid twin-engine, the intelligent electric hybrid twin-engine Fenglanda is also equipped with a new generation of T-Pilot intelligent driving assistance system, ToyOTA Space intelligent cockpit, Toyota Connect intelligent interconnection and a series of high-end intelligent configurations. It can be said that it is very worthwhile to enjoy Toyota’s latest hybrid technology+advanced intelligent technology at the price of entry-level models.

Recently, Cheyoubang also test-drove the smart electric hybrid dual-engine Feng Landa and felt the difference of this car. Let’s talk about its appearance first. It’s not much different from the fuel version. It’s just the adjustment in details, which is applied to a brand-new appearance sports kit, with a golden body, making the whole car look exquisite. Especially in the front part, it adopts a big mouth style design, with a blackened net and a blue Toyota logo to prove its identity.

When you come to the side of the car body, you can see the smooth line design with 18-inch two-color aluminum alloy wheels, which adds a lot to the design of the whole car. As a hybrid model, the LOGO has also been changed to a blue version, and a hybrid logo has also been added to the front fender.

The taillights at the rear of the car echo the headlights, and use a blackened design, and are equipped with a top spoiler to add a sense of movement. The back surround adopts a double-color and double-layer style, and the through decorative strip increases the layering of the tail.

Although the smart electric hybrid dual-engine Feng Landa locates the compact SUV, it has a spacious and comfortable space experience. Its length, width and height are 4485/1825/1620mm, respectively, and its wheelbase is 2640mm. In addition, the seats in the second row also support 4/6 split down; At the same time, the trunk has a volume of 438L, which can easily hold four 22-inch and two 24-inch suitcases, which can meet the daily storage needs to the maximum extent. In fact, space is very important to most friends who buy cars, so hybrid models with good passability and good space experience are really attractive.

When I came into the car, the whole interior still smelled of Toyota and looked simple. The car uses a 12.3-inch LCD instrument with a floating 10.25-inch central control panel, which supports CarPlay/HiCar/CarLife mobile phone interconnection and car WeChat. The intelligent electric hybrid dual-engine Fenglanda also supports "mobile phone key", which can be unlocked by mobile phone, remotely control air conditioner and check vehicle status. The above equipment is not a fancy and impractical configuration for car owners, but it is intelligently optimized on the premise of maximizing safety.

Obviously, the smart electric hybrid double-engine Fenglanda is in line with the public aesthetics in terms of appearance and interior. Since it is a hybrid model, its fifth-generation THS hybrid system and the new generation T-PILOT intelligent driving assistance system are the key points we want to experience.

With the innovation of the new car’s Sandian, while achieving 34% miniaturization and 44% lightweight, the power output capacity has increased by 8%. The peak torque of the new car motor is 206 Nm, and the maximum output power of the system reaches 144kW.

In the driving mode, there are three options: NORMAL, ECO and POWER. After trying the POWER mode, although the power will not advance by leaps and bounds, the response of the throttle will be faster and more sensitive. In addition, when the engine is engaged in the S gear, the whole engine will maintain a high speed to extract the maximum power output.

In terms of safety that everyone is concerned about, the intelligent hybrid electric dual-engine Fenglanda has made a high-value experience. Even for the entry-level model of 140,000, Toyota Safety Sense 3.0, 10.25-inch touch screen entertainment system, CarPlay/Hicar/CarLife smart phone interconnection, intelligent voice recognition, Toyota Connect intelligent interconnection, S-FLOW intelligent airflow control, intelligent dual-cycle automatic air conditioning, seven airbags and many other practical applications have come standard.

Let’s briefly talk about Toyota Safety Sense 3.0 Zhixing Safety Suite. Through this intelligent assisted driving system, the interaction scenes between people and cars and between cars are fully considered. Even in the daily driving scenes such as "following the car", "ghost probe" and "slow driving of electric car", it has accurate prediction and safety evasion actions to ensure driving safety.

After a short test drive, with the blessing of the new hybrid technology, the power part of the intelligent electric hybrid double-engine Fenglanda has been comprehensively improved, realizing the "strong motor" drive. Although the driving sense is infinitely close to the tram, the feeling of "flat" and "smooth" will be more direct. Whether it is speeding up or braking, the linear feeling will make drivers and passengers more comfortable; Another outstanding performance is fuel consumption. The fuel consumption under WLTC is as low as 4.57L/100km, which is very outstanding for family cars.

The chassis is also the favorite point of this test drive, and the ride comfort has also been significantly improved. In the face of potholes and bumps on the road, the smart electric hybrid double engine can be resolved simply and neatly. Coupled with the low center of gravity and high rigidity design of TNGA models, the new car can maintain a consistent and stable body posture when cornering and overtaking. When turning, the new car points accurately and it is easier to drive. With a turning radius of 5.2 meters, you can easily pass through a narrow roadway or turn around. This is easy for novice drivers to get started, and they are not afraid of turning and turning around.

Write it at the end

Originally, Toyota’s car was fuel-efficient, so why choose hybrid? Through this test drive, on the basis of further fuel saving, the intelligent electric hybrid double-engine Fenglanda can also bring better driving quality and power experience. Simply put, it can achieve the effect of approaching electric drive with the lowest cost, and you can clearly perceive this in car scenes such as low-speed car following and high-speed overtaking. It not only performs well in power performance, but also in intelligence, space, safety performance and other aspects, so it is definitely worth considering as a family car.

　　Reporter Yang Zhonghou and Fang Liang Shi Dongbai reported that on March 18th, the mobilization meeting for major power grid projects in Liaoning and centralized start-up of Daya River and Xingcheng Pumped Storage Power Station of State Grid Corporation was held at the site of Shenyang Shengjing Power Transmission and Transformation Phase II Project. Hao Peng, Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Director of the Standing Committee of Provincial People’s Congress, Li Lecheng, Deputy Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Governor, and Xin Baoan, Party Secretary and Chairman of State Grid Corporation attended the mobilization meeting to jointly start the project. On March 17th, Liaoning Province held a meeting with State Grid Corporation to further strengthen communication, deepen cooperation and jointly promote high-quality development.

　　On behalf of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, Hao Peng thanked the State Grid Corporation for its strong support and help to Liaoning’s economic development and people’s livelihood improvement in various historical periods. He said that the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attached great importance to the revitalization and development of Liaoning, full of confidence and full of expectations. We thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the important speech and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, fully implement the major decision-making arrangements made by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the spirit of the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, firmly grasp the primary task of high-quality development, focus on achieving a new breakthrough in all-round revitalization, firmly grasp the precious window period and opportunity period in the last three years of the 14th Five-Year Plan, thoroughly implement the three-year action of comprehensively revitalizing the new breakthrough, and fight the "Liaoshen Campaign" to win the revitalization of Northeast China and Liaoning in the new era with unconventional measures to promote the transformation and upgrading of the province’s economic structure. The centralized commencement of major power grid projects of State Grid Corporation of Liaoning fully reflects the strong responsibility of State Grid Corporation of China to serve the national strategy and help Liaoning to revitalize in an all-round way, which will strongly promote the development of new energy in Liaoning, strengthen the safety and supply of energy and electricity, better safeguard national energy security and promote the green transformation of economic and social development in the province. Revitalize development, power first. It is hoped that State Grid Corporation of China will continue to base itself on the national strategy, actively participate in the revitalization and development of Liaoning, and combine Liaoning’s economic transformation, urban renewal and improvement of people’s livelihood.Increase investment and project layout in Liaoning, support the development of clean energy industry in Liaoning, accelerate the construction of new energy infrastructure, consolidate and upgrade the rural power grid, and make every effort to build a strong power grid to provide power guarantee for all kinds of market players to achieve better development in Liaoning. We will earnestly implement various supporting policies and measures, ensure the high-quality development of the State Grid in Liaoning, and make new and greater contributions to safeguarding national energy security.

　　At the mobilization meeting, Li Lecheng, on behalf of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, expressed warm congratulations on the centralized construction of 57 major power and energy projects, and expressed heartfelt thanks to State Grid Corporation and other central enterprises for their long-term important contributions to the revitalization and development of Liaoning. He said that at present, the whole province has fully implemented the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important speech and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the revitalization and development of Northeast China and Liaoning, fully implemented the three-year action of comprehensively revitalizing the new breakthrough, and made extraordinary measures to win the "Liaoshen Campaign" for the revitalization of Northeast China and Liaoning in the new era. To achieve a new breakthrough in Liaoning’s comprehensive revitalization, electric power should be a "pioneer". We should take this mobilization meeting as an opportunity to thoroughly implement the "14th Five-Year Plan" strategic cooperation framework agreement signed by the two sides, accelerate the construction of a new power system, promote the high-quality development of Liaoning power grid, strengthen energy and power security, accelerate energy science and technology innovation and industrial upgrading, and jointly build a strong province with clean energy. We will increase policy support, support the implementation of power grid planning at all levels, support State Grid Corporation of China to participate in major engineering construction and comprehensive energy services in key areas in Liaoning, and promote the implementation of the "one body and four wings" development layout of State Grid Corporation of China in Liaoning. It is hoped that State Grid Corporation of China will closely combine the enterprise development strategy with Liaoning’s development strategy and development priorities, deepen pragmatic cooperation and achieve mutual benefit and win-win.Show greater responsibility and achievements in jointly serving the national strategy and accelerating the revitalization and development of Liaoning.

　　Xin Baoan said that Liaoning is the leader and engine leading the revitalization of Northeast China and plays a pivotal role in China’s overall economic and social development. State Grid Corporation of China has always regarded serving Liaoning’s economic and social development as a major political task. Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", a number of major power grid projects have been started and put into operation in Liaoning, and the layout of power grid development has been continuously optimized to ensure a stable and orderly power supply. Construction of 57 major power grid projects, such as Daya River and Xingcheng Pumped Storage Power Station, started in an all-round way, which is a great measure to improve the power grid’s ability to allocate resources and ensure the reliable supply of electric power in Liaoning. It is also a great responsibility to go all out to stabilize growth and employment, serve the overall revitalization of Liaoning, and promote the clean and low-carbon transformation of energy and the green development of Liaoning. Today’s mobilization meeting marks that all projects have entered the stage of comprehensive construction. State Grid Corporation of China will give full play to the advantages of talents, management and technology, meticulously organize, carefully deploy and lean management, and promote the project construction with high quality and high efficiency. It is hoped that all participating units and builders will vigorously carry forward the spirit of artisans, work closely together, firmly establish the concept of safety first, pay close attention to the quality of projects, and strive to build quality projects and demonstration projects. We will make every effort to promote the construction of major power grid projects, jointly ensure power supply, stabilize growth and promote transformation, better serve Liaoning’s comprehensive revitalization and make new and greater contributions to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　The centralized construction projects include 55 major power grid projects such as Fuxin Toyota 500 kV power transmission and transformation project, Panjin Liaobin 500 kV power transmission and transformation project and Yingkou Huguan 500 kV power transmission and transformation project, as well as two pumped storage projects in Daya River and Xingcheng, with a total investment of 33.8 billion yuan, which is expected to stimulate social investment of more than 70 billion yuan, provide more than 20,000 jobs, and promote better stable investment, employment and people’s livelihood in the province. The power grid and pumping and storage project have the advantages of large investment, strong driving force and remarkable medium-and long-term economic benefits, which will effectively promote the coordinated development of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain and the coordinated development of regional economy, improve the power supply guarantee capacity of Liaoning power grid, and better serve Liaoning’s economic and social development and energy transformation and upgrading.

　　The mobilization meeting was held in Dalian, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County of Benxi, Zhangwu County of Fuxin and Xingcheng City of Huludao.

　　Hu Yuting, Deputy Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee, Wang Xinwei, Wang Jian, Zhang Chengzhong, Jiang Youwei and Chen Shaowang, leaders of Liaoning Province and Shenyang and Dalian, and relevant responsible comrades of State Grid Corporation attended the relevant activities.

The State Council on relaxing the authority for examination and approval of fixed assets investment

And simplify the examination and approval procedures.

Guofa [1987〕23number

People’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

At present, in the management of fixed assets investment, the examination and approval authority is too centralized, and the procedures are very complicated, so it is difficult to distinguish the responsibilities when problems arise. The fundamental solution to these problems depends on the reform of the economic and political system. At present, under the premise of strengthening macro-management and strictly controlling the scale of investment in fixed assets, we should further simplify administration and decentralization, relax examination and approval authority and simplify examination and approval procedures. After the authority of departments, localities and enterprises in fixed assets investment is expanded, they must bear the responsibilities and risks of investment decision accordingly, and regularly feed back relevant information to the higher authorities and accept the guidance and supervision of the higher authorities. All departments and localities should earnestly do a good job in demand forecasting, carefully formulate industry and local development plans, strive to do a good job in comprehensive balance, control investment scale, guide capital investment, adjust investment structure, and improve investment efficiency. The relevant specific measures are hereby notified as follows:

First, relax examination and approval authority and simplify examination and approval procedures

(a) coal, petroleum, petrochemical, metallurgical (steel), non-ferrous metals, railways and electric power seven contracting departments.

oneWhere large and medium-sized capital construction projects, preparatory projects and technical transformation projects above designated size have been included in the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" of the state, the project proposal is still approved by the State Planning Commission; If the design task book has not been approved, it shall be approved by all contracting departments within the total amount of capital construction investment and technical transformation investment determined in the national "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and reported to the State Planning Commission (technical transformation projects shall also be reported to the State Economic Commission) for the record. The external cooperation and cooperation conditions of construction projects (including the supply of energy and raw materials and the arrangement of transportation capacity, etc.) and the bank loans needed for technical transformation projects are all implemented by the contracting departments themselves. The state’s "Seventh Five-Year Plan" construction projects need to increase investment and projects need to increase investment outside the plan. All contracting departments can adjust between projects or raise funds by themselves, and the state will no longer increase investment. Departments raise funds to increase projects by themselves, which should be reported to the state for the record.

If the investment in construction projects and external conditions such as energy, transportation and raw materials are not implemented, the contracting department can cut new projects and postpone the progress of some construction projects on its own; Where the impact of the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" input-output contract tasks and new production capacity plans should be reported to the State Council for approval.

The examination and approval of the project proposal and design task book (feasibility study report) of large and medium-sized capital construction projects listed in the preliminary work plan of the seventh five-year plan and mainly built during the eighth five-year plan period shall still be carried out according to the original provisions.

2When arranging the annual plans for capital construction and technological transformation, all contracting departments can make independent arrangements for investment in all capital construction projects and technological transformation projects in accordance with the construction projects, new production capacity, input-output contracting tasks and other construction requirements stipulated in the seventh five-year plan of the state, within the annual planned investment scale of sub-capital channels approved by the state. Among them, large and medium-sized capital construction projects and technical transformation projects above designated size are included in the national annual plan after comprehensive balance and audit by the State Planning Commission according to the requirements of system engineering. All contracting departments should make more arrangements to expand the production capacity of short-term products in this industry and give full play to the production potential of existing enterprises, and reduce non-productive construction and other construction; For the key construction projects of this department or other departments, the urgently needed supporting projects and their investments must be carefully arranged. New large and medium-sized capital construction projects should be strictly controlled.

threeIn the implementation of the annual plan, in order to speed up the progress of key construction projects and increase the production capacity of short-term products, all contracting departments need to adjust their investment between projects, which can be adjusted according to the funding channels; Need to increase investment, can raise funds by itself, by the State Planning Commission approved by the State Council, plus investment plan indicators.

(2) Non-contracting departments

oneThe examination and approval authority of large and medium-sized capital construction projects and technical transformation projects above designated size shall be implemented in accordance with the original provisions.

2In the arrangement of the annual plan, large and medium-sized capital construction projects and technical transformation projects above designated size shall be invested by the State Planning Commission according to the projects; Small capital construction projects and technical transformation projects below the quota shall be arranged by the departments themselves within the total investment scale approved by the State Planning Commission.

If both capital construction investment and technological transformation funds are used in reconstruction and expansion projects, enterprises can bundle the two funds together, but they should be included in the investment plans of capital construction and technological transformation respectively, and make statistics respectively.

threeIn the implementation of the annual plan, in order to ensure the investment required for large and medium-sized capital construction projects planned to be put into production and organized for construction according to a reasonable time limit, departments can adjust investment between large and medium-sized projects according to capital channels without reporting to the State Planning Commission for approval. Investment in technological transformation, after ensuring the investment required by the key projects supported by the state, the department can adjust the investment between projects according to the funding channels.

(3) Local projects

oneLarge and medium-sized capital construction projects of local universities, hospitals and other cultural, educational and health undertakings arranged by local investment, their project proposals and design task books are no longer reported to the State Planning Commission for examination and approval, but are instead examined and approved by the planning commissions of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities with separate plans; At the same time, send a copy to the State Planning Commission and relevant departments for the record.

2In the arrangement of the annual plan, the capital construction investment of local large and medium-sized projects and small projects shall be independently arranged by the local government within the investment scale approved by the state according to the investment direction and investment policy determined by the state. In the arrangement, we should pay attention to strengthening the construction of agriculture, energy, transportation and raw materials industries, reducing the construction of general processing industries and unproductive ones, and strictly controlling the construction of office buildings, hotels and various "centers", rest homes and "streets". The key construction funds for energy and transportation that are retained by local governments must be used for energy and transportation construction in accordance with state regulations and shall not be used for other purposes.

Investment in technical transformation projects below the quota shall be arranged by the local authorities independently within the investment scale approved by the state. In the arrangement, we should pay attention to adjusting the investment structure and increasing the proportion of investment in energy, transportation and raw material industries; Increase investment in improving product quality, reducing energy and raw material consumption, strengthening comprehensive utilization, and reducing investment in general processing industry; Do not engage in long-term products and projects with high consumption and backward technology.

(four) large-scale joint ventures and capital construction group projects with separate plans.

oneCapital construction projects, technological transformation projects and capital construction group projects of large-scale joint ventures, where the design task book or master plan has been reviewed and approved by the State Council or the State Planning Commission, individual projects will not be submitted for approval within the scope of the total investment approved by the state, and will be handled by enterprises or groups themselves and reported to the State Planning Commission, relevant departments and relevant places for the record. However, projects using foreign exchange and foreign capital borrowed by the state as well as projects designated by the state still need to be submitted for approval according to regulations.

2In the annual plan, the single project investment of large-scale joint ventures and group projects shall be arranged independently by the enterprises or groups within the investment scale of capital construction and technological transformation determined by the national "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and annual plans.

threeLarge and medium-sized key enterprises supported by the state, the approval of individual projects of their basic construction projects and technological transformation projects and the arrangement of annual investment can be handled by referring to the above provisions.

(V) Horizontal joint investment projects

For large and medium-sized capital construction projects with horizontal joint investment by enterprises, where the funds are raised by themselves, the energy, raw materials, equipment, production, supply and marketing, power and transportation capacity after commissioning can be implemented by themselves, and contracts have been signed with relevant departments, localities and enterprises, which do not require state arrangements, the State Planning Commission is only responsible for examining and approving project proposals; Its design task book, preliminary design, etc., are approved by the relevant departments or the relevant provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities specifically designated in the state plan (the Project Construction Committee), with a copy to the State Planning Commission and relevant departments for the record. When to start construction is determined by the state in its annual plan. The examination and approval procedures for small-scale projects shall be determined by various departments or the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

Second, improve the management of technological transformation projects

(a) the proportion of special loans for technological transformation directly arranged by the state in the total loan scale is gradually reduced, and the task of technological transformation and the loan period should be clearly defined, and the loans should be used intensively.

(II) For technical transformation projects above designated size, the project proposal and design task book (feasibility study report) shall be examined by the State Planning Commission in conjunction with the State Economic and Trade Commission, and approved by the State Planning Commission, which will generally not be countersigned.

(3) For the technological transformation of large and medium-sized key enterprises and enterprise groups supported by the state, the State Economic Commission shall, according to the medium and long-term plan of the state, organize the centralized departments of industries and local classification to formulate transformation plans. All departments and localities should organize enterprises to formulate overall transformation plans, in which the planned total investment is above the quota, which shall be examined and approved by the State Planning Commission in conjunction with the State Economic Commission. Where the planned total investment is below the quota, the examination and approval authority shall be determined by the local authorities and departments themselves.

(four) the technical transformation projects below the quota, within the scale of the departmental and local technical transformation investment plans, are determined by the enterprises themselves if they can raise funds by themselves, implement various matching conditions and meet the relevant provisions of the state.

Three, adjust the quota of construction projects in some industries

The quota of large and medium-sized capital construction projects, according to the construction scale (completed production capacity), is still unchanged according to the original provisions; According to the amount of investment, the industrial projects of energy, transportation and raw materials increased from 30 million yuan to 50 million yuan. The limit of total investment for technical transformation projects, energy, transportation and raw material industry projects will be raised from 30 million yuan to 50 million yuan. The limits of capital construction projects and technological transformation projects in other industries shall still be implemented according to the original provisions.

Capital construction projects and technological transformation projects with a total investment below the quota of 20 million yuan or more shall be reported to the State Planning Commission (technical transformation projects shall also be reported to the State Economic Commission) for the record after examination and approval by departments or localities, so as to keep abreast of the changes and adjustments in the investment structure.

Four, shorten the examination and approval time, improve efficiency.

(a) the project reporting unit to submit the project proposal and design task book (feasibility study report) must contact all relevant parties in advance to implement various construction conditions (including fund raising, supply of electricity, fuel and raw materials needed for construction and production, cooperation of external transportation, etc.), and submit all the submitted documents and materials. For the application documents with incomplete information, inaccuracy or non-compliance with the specified requirements, the state organ in charge of examination and approval shall, within 15 days, notify the applicant to supplement the contents that need to be supplemented or return the original to the applicant for re-submission. If the applicant practices fraud or forges information and data, thus causing losses to the project construction, it shall bear the economic and administrative responsibilities.

(II) In order to reduce the round-trip turnover of documents, the project proposal and design task book (feasibility study report) of large and medium-sized capital construction projects and technical transformation projects above designated size declared by local authorities shall be submitted to the State Planning Commission (technical transformation projects shall be submitted to the State Economic Commission at the same time) and submitted to all relevant departments; Other projects are mainly reported to the industry centralized department, which puts forward the review opinions and then submits them to the State Planning Commission (technical transformation projects are also submitted to the State Economic Commission) for approval.

(three) the State Planning Commission in the examination and approval of the project proposal, at the same time to determine the consulting company commissioned evaluation. In the process of preparing the design task book (feasibility study report) and preliminary design, the project applicant should absorb the consulting company entrusted by the State Planning Commission to participate.

(four) when examining and approving projects, the relevant competent departments should adopt different examination and approval methods according to different enterprises, projects and sources of funds, so as to minimize the examination and approval links and shorten the examination and approval time. Projects that need to be reviewed by several units in a department shall be approved by the organizer in the form of joint office; For projects that need to be reviewed and countersigned by several departments, the sponsoring department shall be responsible for consulting and contacting the relevant departments, urging them to implement them, or adopting the way of centralized joint examination led by the sponsoring department to examine and countersign them. For the problems that can’t be solved by the person in charge of the sponsoring department who has different opinions, the sponsoring department shall report them to the State Council for ruling.

(five) the people’s governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government and their relevant departments should also improve the management of fixed assets investment, simplify the examination and approval procedures and improve work efficiency in accordance with the spirit of this circular.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　country affair courtyard

　　　　March 30, 1987

Original title: More than 100 events in three series, such as "Book Fair for the New Year", appeared in Beijing, and the book-like feast warmed people’s hearts.

A book market is set up on the second floor of Beijing West Railway Station, which is convenient for passengers to bring books to read on the road. (An Xudong photo)

　　The Spring Festival in the Year of the Loong is approaching. With the theme of "Reading and Enjoying the New Year in Beijing", Beijing has carefully organized and launched more than 100 events in three series, namely, "Celebrating the New Year in the Scholarly Market", "Celebrating the New Year in the Scholarly Travel" and "Celebrating the New Year in the Scholarly Cloud", and prepared a feast for the general public and tourists. On February 7th, I visited Beijing West Railway Station, Wangfujing Pedestrian Street, Beijing Book Building and Liulichang Store of China Bookstore, and felt the strong fragrance of books.

　　On the second floor of Beijing West Railway Station, people are coming and going, and the book market of "Reading and Enjoying the New Year in Beijing" is full of joy and kindness, which makes everyone stop. It is the first time to open a book market in Beijing West Railway Station. Wangfujing Bookstore has prepared more than 1,000 kinds of books and cultural and creative products for this purpose. Here are the top books on the book charts, such as Alive, One Hundred Years of Solitude, Red Rock, etc., and excellent literary works published in recent years, such as Baoshui, Jiashan and Golden Ruins, as well as books that highlight Beijing cultural elements, such as the series of Beijing Cultural Books, etc., and popular reading materials that children like are indispensable. Du Juan, deputy general manager of Wangfujing Bookstore, said: "Wangfujing Bookstore combines the characteristics of Spring Festival travel rush to plan the activity of" bringing a book to children in hometown ",and readers can enjoy 60% discount and free postage service when purchasing books.

　　The book market also set up a public reading activity desk, and the Beijing Newspaper Distribution Bureau distributed free electronic or paper reading materials and Spring Festival gifts to passengers, and presented free online reading cards. Periodicals such as chinese national geography and China Newsweek, as well as newspapers such as Beijing Daily and Beijing Youth Daily, can be collected for free. The newspaper distribution bureau has also prepared 20,000 reading aid cards. Passengers can enter the password to activate the reading cards, and they can read more than 200 kinds of electronic periodicals on the "China Post Reading" APP for free within 40 days.

　　It is understood that the management committee of key stations in Beijing, taking advantage of the traffic resources of the stations, joined forces with Beijing Publishing Group and Beijing Newspaper Publishing Bureau to launch the book market of "Reading and Enjoying the New Year" in Beijing West Railway Station and Beijing Chaoyang Station from the first day of Spring Festival travel rush (January 26th) to the Spring Festival (February 8th).

　　Come to Wangfujing Bookstore on Wangfujing Pedestrian Street. In the sunshine, people buy books, punch cards and collect chapters, and choose cultural creations here, which is a happy atmosphere. With the theme of "Lighting Reading, Warming Winter", Wangfujing Shuxiang Market has linked seven bookstores including China Bookstore, Foreign Language Bookstore and Beijing Book Building, and provided citizens with a series of activities, such as book sales, exhibitions and exhibitions, and experience in restoring ancient books. An Liang, assistant general manager of the foreign language bookstore, said that the book fair originally lasted for one month and ended on January 31. Because it was loved by readers, it was specially extended to April 10. To this end, major bookstores have increased holiday stocking, festive lanterns have been hung high, and readers’ favorite the Year of the Loong seal is waiting for everyone’s arrival.

　　In Beijing Book Building, a 18-meter-long "Gankun Ruilong" hanging in the shared space has an extraordinary momentum, which means that the dragon is auspicious and auspicious. On the first floor, holiday exhibitions and decorations are arranged around "the taste of the year in memory", and an immersive interactive experience area of "the taste of the year" is created in the form of "books+".In addition to a large number of carefully selected new books and good books, there are also concentrated exhibitions of Beijing culture, folk culture, new year gifts and other products. Xu Shen, deputy general manager of Beijing Book Building, said that the building extended its business on New Year’s Eve until 1 am on the first day of the first month, and it was open from the first day to the seventh day until 12 pm that day. "On New Year’s Eve, readers can come to watch the Spring Festival Gala, eat jiaozi, and participate in recreational activities such as solve riddles on the lanterns and throwing pots."

　　In the Liulichang store of China Bookstore, readers are beaming and come to buy books and the cultural and creative products of Dragon Elements. Liu Yichen, manager of Liulichang Store of China Bookstore, said that nearly 10 stores under the China Bookstore have integrated online and offline exhibitions of "Old Books and New Knowledge", including more than 10 kinds of old books such as epigraphy, edition of old books and classic comic books. In order to meet the needs of readers, China Bookstore has sorted out nearly 10,000 kinds of old books. (Lu Yanxia)

　　In the first three quarters of this year, China’s total import and export value was 31.11 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.9% over the same period last year. Facing the complicated and severe domestic and international situation and the impact of multiple unexpected factors, China’s foreign trade once again shows strong resilience and vitality. Recently, the implementation effect of various economic stabilization policies has gradually emerged, which will further promote the steady growth of foreign trade.

　　The policy of stabilizing foreign trade has achieved good results

　　Since the beginning of this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have made timely arrangements to create favorable conditions for the goal of maintaining stability and improving quality in foreign trade. A series of policies and measures to stabilize the economy and foreign trade have achieved good results. The steady growth of foreign trade in the first three quarters has also made positive contributions to the sustained and stable development of China’s macro-economy.

　　The data shows that the net export of goods and services contributed 32% to economic growth in the first three quarters, driving GDP growth by 1 percentage point. Ni Yueju, a researcher at the Institute of World Economics and Politics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that such achievements in foreign trade are mainly due to high-quality development and high-level opening up.

　　Affected by geopolitical conflicts, COVID-19 epidemic and high inflation in major western countries, the growth rate of global trade in goods slowed down in the second quarter of this year. "Although China’s foreign trade has been affected to some extent, it still maintains a steady growth trend and shows strong resilience." Zhu Caihua, a professor at the Institute of International Economics of the University of International Business and Economics, said.

　　The high-quality development of foreign trade has achieved remarkable results, and the competitiveness of high value-added and high-tech products is constantly emerging. In the first three quarters, the export of mechanical and electrical products was 10.04 trillion yuan, up 10%, accounting for 56.8% of the total export value. "Automobile exports have sprung up, with a growth rate of 67.1%, and the export of new energy vehicles has more than doubled." Ni Yueju said that the automobile industry is an intermediate industry to promote the development of high technology in the world, and automobile products are a platform for carrying and applying various high technologies. "The rapid growth of automobile exports shows that the overall international competitiveness of China’s manufacturing industry has increased."

　　At the same time, the high-level opening-up policy has achieved remarkable results. ASEAN continues to be China’s largest trading partner. In the first three quarters, the total trade value between China and ASEAN was 4.7 trillion yuan, an increase of 15.2%. "China has strong resilience in the industrial chain supply chain, especially the high-quality implementation of RCEP has enhanced the stability of the regional industrial chain supply chain." Yan Caihua said. In addition, in the first three quarters, the proportion of trade between China and countries along the Belt and Road has risen to 32.3%, and the diversified development of the international market has achieved positive results. "This is also a key factor to support the stable development of foreign trade in the future." Ni Yueju said.

　　Cross-border e-commerce still has potential to be tapped.

　　Cross-border e-commerce and other new formats and new models are the effective force of foreign trade development and an important trend of international trade development.

　　Since the beginning of this year, new foreign trade formats and new models such as cross-border e-commerce have developed steadily. In the first three quarters, Zhejiang enterprises exported 79.3 billion yuan through the customs cross-border e-commerce management platform, an increase of 1.5 times; The import and export of Jiangxi enterprises through the customs cross-border e-commerce management platform increased by 2.4 times year-on-year; On the basis of exceeding 300 billion yuan, the total import and export volume of cross-border e-commerce in Guangdong has achieved full coverage in the province, ranking first in the country.

　　In the first three quarters, the total export volume of Jiangxi Haitao cross-border e-commerce industrial park in Jiangxi Jiujiang Economic Development Zone exceeded last year. Zhu Cheng, chairman of Jiangxi Bichuang cross-border electronic commerce Co., Ltd., said that cross-border e-commerce is welcoming unprecedented development opportunities. In addition to the rapid growth of mature consumer markets such as Europe and the United States, markets such as Southeast Asia, South America and the Middle East are rising rapidly. "In particular, the implementation of RCEP has brought new momentum to the development of cross-border e-commerce".

　　"Cross-border e-commerce is not only a new format and new model for foreign trade development, but also a new kinetic energy for stabilizing foreign trade. After more than 10 years of development, there is still potential to be tapped in the future. " Yan Caihua said. At the international level, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation with relevant countries in the field of e-commerce. At present, China has signed memorandums of understanding with 16 countries on "Digital Silk Road" cooperation, and established bilateral cooperation mechanisms for "Silk Road E-commerce" with 24 countries, China — Central and Eastern European countries, China — Positive progress has been made in the construction of e-commerce cooperation and dialogue mechanisms among the five Central Asian countries. At the national level, it is necessary to continue to push the customs, taxation, finance and other departments to deepen the reform of the system and mechanism, innovate the supervision mode, and provide more reform dividends for the convenient development of cross-border e-commerce. At the enterprise level, we should actively use new technologies and invest in new models, especially to increase the investment and construction of "overseas warehouses" and accelerate the digital transformation of enterprises.

　　At present, the slowdown of external demand growth has become the biggest uncertainty facing the development of foreign trade. Ni Yueju said that if cross-border e-commerce companies want to gain a foothold in the increasingly competitive international market, they must "deeply cultivate" brands and channels. Brand power has become the core competitiveness of cross-border e-commerce sellers in the future, and brands are based on high-quality products. Therefore, higher quality and more integrity are the magic weapons for cross-border e-commerce.

　　It is understood that in order to give full play to the potential of cross-border e-commerce, the 132nd Canton Fair continues to carry out synchronous activities with 132 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones and 5 cross-border e-commerce platforms, and provides services such as freight forwarding, finance and credit insurance online. "We will continue to guide various cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones, cultivate a number of key enterprises and well-known brands, and fully tap the advantages and potential of cross-border e-commerce." Wang Shouwen, international trade negotiator and vice minister of the Ministry of Commerce, said.

　　The effect of afterloading on uncertainty

　　At present, the uncertainty faced by foreign trade is increasing, and the pressure to maintain steady growth of imports and exports is increasing. It is still necessary to further increase efficiency and stabilize foreign trade growth through policy measures.

　　"It is necessary to ensure that the stable foreign trade policy that has been introduced will be effective as soon as possible, support foreign trade enterprises to ensure production and compliance, smooth the channels for foreign trade enterprises to seize orders, and cultivate new modes and new growth points of foreign trade." Liu Jianying, an associate researcher at the Foreign Trade Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, said.

　　Keeping the main body of foreign trade market is one of the most urgent tasks to stabilize foreign trade. Ni Yueju said: "We should take grasping orders as the starting point of protecting the main body and help foreign trade enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, tide over the difficulties."

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote the optimization and upgrading of trade in goods, innovate the development mechanism of service trade, develop digital trade, and accelerate the construction of a trade power. Zhao Ping, vice president of the Research Institute of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, believes that accelerating the construction of a strong trading country should continue to exert its strength in three aspects: First, the international competitiveness of trading partners is stronger; Second, the development of trade entities is more resilient; Third, the international discourse power of trade rules is stronger.

　　Experts said that in recent years, China’s foreign trade import and export structure has changed from labor-intensive products to high-tech value-added products. In the future, under the strategy of innovation-driven development, we will continue to enhance the capability of independent innovation, shape new kinetic energy and advantages of foreign trade development, optimize the structure of trade in goods, improve the level of trade digitalization, promote the integration of domestic and foreign trade, and promote the coordinated development of trade in goods and services. At the same time, by promoting high-level opening to the outside world and steadily expanding institutional opening such as rules, regulations, management and standards, more opportunities will be created for enterprises all over the world.

Information picture

In July, 2023, polymyxin B sulfate for injection, an exclusive drug produced by a subsidiary of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group, suddenly announced that it had dropped from 2,303 yuan/branch to 270 yuan/branch, with a drop of nearly 90%, which attracted the attention of the industry.

The reporter learned from official website, State Administration of Market Supervision, that the decision of administrative punishment on the case of abuse of market dominance by four companies, such as Shanghai Shangyao No.1 Biochemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., was recently released. According to the decision, in July 2023, the Shanghai Municipal Market Supervision Administration initiated an investigation into the abuse of market dominance by four companies, including SAIC Biochemical. In December 2023, Shanghai Municipal Market Supervision Administration made an administrative punishment decision on this case according to law. The punishment decision shows that during the period from December 2017 to June 2023, four pharmaceutical companies abused the dominant position in the market of polymyxin B sulfate for injection in China, and implemented the behavior of selling preparations at unfairly high prices, which excluded and restricted market competition and harmed the interests of patients and social public interests.

Well-known anti-monopoly law experts pointed out in an interview that the above four companies were fined 1.219 billion yuan for violating the Anti-monopoly Law of the People’s Republic of China, which is the case with the largest amount of anti-monopoly punishment in the pharmaceutical field at present.

Monopolize the API market

Polymyxin B sulfate for injection plays an important role in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria infection, which is highly dependent on hospitals and patients and difficult to be replaced by other drugs. Before 2017, no domestic company produced its raw materials and medicines and needed to import them from abroad.

According to the circular of the State Administration of Market Supervision, three private pharmaceutical companies, Wuhan Huihai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Wuhan Kede Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Hubei Minkang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and the state-owned pharmaceutical company Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group Shangyao No.1 Biochemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., abused the dominant position in the market of polymyxin B sulfate for injection in China and implemented the act of selling preparations at unfair high prices.

Wuhan Huihai, Wuhan Kede and Minkang Pharmaceutical (collectively referred to as Wuhan Huihai) have the same actual controlling shareholders, confused personnel and office locations, unified decision-making, division of labor and cooperation, jointly implemented the acts involved, and shared monopoly profits.

In order to introduce and control its raw materials, in 2010, Wuhan Huihai signed an agreement with Danish Yaseli Company to become the agent of Danish Yaseli China market. Since 2016, Wuhan Huihai has given the sales manager of Danish Yaseli China a benefit fee, asking him not to sell the API to other enterprises, thus controlling the supply of the whole API in China market.

On the other hand, Wuhan Huihai is busy looking for manufacturers. Because only the drug is qualified for production in China, it has not been put into production. Wuhan Huihaisui reached a cooperation intention with Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Co., Ltd. to supply raw materials to Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Co., Ltd., which was responsible for drug declaration and production, and granted exclusive distribution rights to its preparations, from which Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical collected processing fees. Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical applied for production qualification, and obtained the production approval from the Food and Drug Administration in 2017, becoming the only production enterprise in China.

According to the Shanghai Municipal Market Supervision Bureau, operators must first have APIs for R&D and production when entering the market, while Wuhan Huihai controls the supply of APIs in the China market, so it is difficult for other operators to obtain APIs. It is reported that this is the second time that Wuhan Huihai was punished by pharmaceutical antitrust in 2023. In May 2023, the State Administration of Market Supervision fined him 4,126,800 yuan. Wuhan Huihai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. was established in 2003 with a registered capital of 3 million yuan, and its legal representative is Li Meilin.

Conspire to earn excess profits

Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Co., Ltd. belongs to Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group, with total assets of 800 million yuan and registered capital of 225 million yuan.

When Wuhan Huihai signed a cooperation agreement with Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Co., Ltd., it was agreed that when bidding for preparations, the two sides would negotiate and communicate on matters such as bidding price and distributors, and jointly agree on bidding matters. According to the rules of drug sales, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Biochemistry came forward to connect with the drug recruitment departments of all provinces in the country, made online quotations, and invoiced and sold them to circulation enterprises according to the instructions of Wuhan Huihai to obtain the sales income of preparations.

As the only operator who sells the drug, Shangyao Biochemical has the ability to influence and determine the key trading conditions such as sales price and sales quantity. The price of the drug was 2303 yuan/piece in Fujian province for the first time, and then it reached 2918 yuan/piece in Shanghai. Since then, the provinces have hung up their nets one after another, and the prices are mostly 2303 yuan/branch to 2918 yuan/branch. According to the instructions of Wuhan Huihai, Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Co., Ltd. supplies the goods to the circulation enterprises after deducting the distribution fee according to the hanging price.

In 2016, the state began to implement the "two-vote system" policy, that is, drugs are invoiced once from the production enterprise to the circulation enterprise and once from the circulation enterprise to the medical institution, with the aim of reducing the circulation of drugs and lowering the price of drugs. Limited by the "two-vote system", Wuhan Huihai can’t directly obtain the monopoly profit of preparation sales by buying low and selling high. To this end, Wuhan Huihai, with the cooperation of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Co., Ltd., obtained monopoly profits from the raw materials link by inflating the sales price of raw materials.

Due to the large amount of payment for raw materials, Wuhan Huihai arranged for 38 pharmaceutical companies in Hubei and Jiangxi to increase prices step by step, and gradually pushed up the import price of raw materials purchased from Danish Yaseli Company from 73 yuan/g to 94 yuan/g to 18,000 yuan/g to 35,000 yuan/g, and sold them to Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical Company to produce preparations, from which profits were made. This creates the illusion that the high drug price is due to the high drug price of raw materials.

Drive up drug prices for nearly six consecutive years.

According to the Shanghai Municipal Market Supervision Bureau, in 2022 alone, the illegal income of Wuhan Huihai was 610 million yuan, and that of Shanghai Pharmaceutical was 330 million yuan. The biochemical behavior of Wuhan Huihai and Shanghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. constitutes the abuse of market dominance to sell goods at unfairly high prices.

It is reported that the cost of drug production is mainly composed of two parts: the cost of raw materials and the cost of biochemical workshop. According to the biochemical financial data of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., the total production cost of this drug is about 8.6 yuan -14.6 yuan/piece, and the processing fee charged by Shanghai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is from 140.4 yuan/piece -230 yuan/piece. Finally, the net price of the drug is as high as 2303 yuan/piece -2918 yuan/piece.

In addition, the domestic sales price of polymyxin B sulfate for injection is significantly higher than that of other countries and regions in the same period, which is about 35 to 44 times that of overseas products.

"The serious handling of this case corrected the illegal behavior in time, and the drug price dropped by nearly 90%. This safeguards the interests of consumers and the public interest. " In an interview, Wang Xianlin, a member of the Expert Advisory Group of the State Council Anti-monopoly Committee and vice president of china law society Economic Law Research Association, pointed out that the parties in this case abused their dominant market position to sell drugs at unfairly high prices. On the one hand, they distorted the market price formation mechanism of this drug and made its price seriously deviate from the normal level, which excluded and restricted market competition. On the other hand, it also makes patients have to pay higher prices, increases the cost of medication for patients, and seriously damages the interests of patients; It also increased the expenditure of the national medical insurance fund, which seriously damaged the public interest.

The reporter learned that after the above-mentioned case was investigated in July 2023, six senior executives of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Group were investigated. In September 2023, Pan Deqing, former vice president of Shanghai Pharmaceutical, Li Ping, general manager of Shanghai Shangke Pharmaceutical, Chen Binhua, former general manager of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical, and Huang Yuhui, former deputy general manager of Shanghai Pharmaceutical Biochemical, were investigated. In November, Zhou Jun, chairman of Shanghai Pharmaceutical, and Gu Haoliang, former vice president of Shanghai Pharmaceutical, were investigated.