[In-depth study and implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era]

　　The important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the National Cyber Security and Informatization Work Conference, standing on the overall height of human historical development and the cause of the party and the state, condensed the historical experience of human development and the practical wisdom of the Chinese nation, accurately grasped the inherent law of the evolution of scientific and technological revolution and the valuable enlightenment of social production reform, scientifically analyzed the trend of informatization reform and the historical mission we shouldered, and systematically explained the rich connotation of the strategic thinking of strengthening the country through the network. Profound answers to a series of important theoretical and practical questions related to the development of the network information industry have clearly defined the direction of progress and provided fundamental follow-up for grasping the historical opportunity of the information revolution, strengthening network security and informatization, and accelerating the construction of a network power. The grand blueprint is drawn on a piece of paper, and the great cause of the beginning is broken. "People-centered" has laid a heavy foundation for this important historical document, and "Building a network power" has played an inspiring sound of this gorgeous movement.

　　Informatization has brought a golden historical opportunity to the Chinese nation.

　　Human society has experienced agricultural revolution and industrial revolution, and is experiencing information revolution. Every industrial revolution has greatly enhanced human survival ability and brought about all-round changes in economy and politics. In the long agricultural society, China used to be an economic power in the world, creating a splendid civilization, but later missed the industrial revolution, lost the historical opportunity to make progress with the world, and gradually fell into a passive position. Through the efforts of several generations, we have never been so close to the goal of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as we are today, and we have never been more confident and capable of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as we are today.

　　At present and in the future, the goal of China’s development is to achieve the goal of "two hundred years". The information revolution has enhanced human brain power, is bringing another leap in productivity, and has caused wider economic and social changes. New technology brings a new economy, and the new economy promotes new formats. Information network, biotechnology, clean energy, new materials and advanced manufacturing have given birth to a number of subversive technologies. New network forms such as industrial Internet, Internet of Things and Internet of Vehicles are constantly emerging, and application technologies such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence are expanding and upgrading. The 5G era is opening, and the digital economy is becoming an important driving force for global industrial change and economic growth. Major countries in the world are stepping up their layout of high-end fields in an effort to seize the commanding heights of future competition.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Informatization has brought a golden opportunity to the Chinese nation." We must seize this precious opportunity, make great efforts to promote the deep integration of information network technology and the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, adhere to intelligent manufacturing as the main direction of the integration of the two industries, give full play to the dual advantages of a manufacturing power and a network power, and promote the transformation of the industrial economy into a data-driven innovation system and development model. Greatly improve the supporting capacity of network facilities, core technology innovation capacity, industrial integration leading capacity, cyberspace protection capacity and network management capacity according to law, promote the deep integration of information network technologies such as Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with manufacturing industry, lay out industrial Internet in a forward-looking way, vigorously develop intelligent integrated industries, build a group of platform-based enterprises with ecological control, and build a new form of digital economy with networking, intelligence, service and synergy. Informatization will inject surging momentum into the Chinese dream of winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The new era has brought unparalleled historical achievements to the network letter cause.

　　In the 24 years since accessing the Internet, we have correctly handled the relationship between security and development, openness and autonomy, management and service, and made remarkable achievements in promoting the development of the Internet. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has attached importance to, developed and governed the Internet, made overall plans and coordinated major issues related to informationization and network security in political, economic, cultural, social and military fields, made a series of major decisions and put forward a series of major initiatives, and promoted the historic achievements in the network information industry.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has made great efforts to strengthen overall coordination and top-level design, and promoted the formation of a new pattern of "one chess game" in online information work, and the system of Internet construction, management and application has been continuously improved. Efforts have been made to strengthen the construction and management of online content, and a number of normative documents on content governance, such as the Cyber Security Law, the Provisions on the Management of Internet News Information Services and the Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures for Internet Information Content Management, have been promulgated and implemented, with stronger positive energy on the Internet, higher main melody and increasingly clear cyberspace; Focus on building a network security system to better safeguard the security of key information infrastructure and effectively safeguard the security and interests of national cyberspace; Efforts will be made to play the leading role of informatization, the digital economy will flourish, the online information enterprises will grow rapidly, and the achievements of Internet development will better benefit the society and serve the people; Efforts have been made to promote the reform of the global governance system of the Internet. The "four principles" and "five propositions" of the Supreme Leader General Secretary have been widely recognized by the international community. Cybersovereignty has increasingly become an international consensus, and China’s international discourse power and influence in cyberspace have been significantly enhanced. China is striding forward from a cyber power to a cyber power.

　　By the end of 2017, the number of netizens in China reached 772 million, with a total of 40.74 million new netizens in the whole year. The construction of network infrastructure was accelerated, the penetration rate of fixed broadband households reached 72%, the scale of 4G users reached 997 million, and the project of information entering villages and households was fully implemented; The digital economy is active, with a scale of 27.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.3%, accounting for 32.9% of GDP; Significant progress has been made in core technologies, and important breakthroughs have been made in the research, development, testing and verification of 5G network technologies. The NB-IoT technical scheme proposed by Huawei has been approved by 3GPP and has become an international standard. The overall evolution and upgrading of IPv6 has been accelerated, and China Telecom has built the world’s first commercial narrowband Internet of Things with the widest coverage, and 310,000 base stations in the whole network have been upgraded simultaneously; Information benefiting the people has achieved outstanding results, and coordinated the five major projects of network coverage, rural e-commerce, network intelligence, information services and network public welfare, and promoted precise poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation; Twelve countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative have built 34 cross-border land cables and a number of international submarine cables, China — The construction of the ASEAN Information Port and the China-Arab Online Silk Road Economic Cooperation Experimental Zone were first launched, and a large number of outstanding enterprises actively went abroad, providing high-quality information products and technical services to the Belt and Road countries in emerging industries such as broadband information infrastructure, big data, cross-border e-commerce, and smart cities, and contributing China wisdom to the digital economy development of the Belt and Road countries.

　　Promoting the construction of a network power in the new era with independent innovation

　　On February 27th, 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the first meeting of the Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization that the development level of informatization is determined by the development level of information technology and industry. It is necessary to strengthen independent innovation of core technologies and infrastructure construction, and emphasize the need to build a strong network country with its own technology and excellent technology. At the symposium on network security and informatization held on April 19, 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate", and the core technology is subject to people, which is our biggest hidden danger. Even if an Internet company is large in scale and high in market value, if its core components are heavily dependent on foreign countries and the "life gate" of the supply chain is in the hands of others, it is like building a house on the foundation of someone else’s wall. No matter how big and beautiful it is, it may not stand the wind and rain, or even be vulnerable. The core technology is the heavy weapon of the country, and the most critical and core technology should be based on independent innovation and self-reliance. The market can’t change the core technology, and money can’t buy the core technology. We must rely on our own research and development and development. If we want to master the initiative of China’s Internet development, and ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology and strive to achieve "overtaking in corners" in some fields and aspects.

　　However, due to the high complexity of information technology represented by integrated circuits, and the characteristics of "the strong will always be strong", although the annual compound value-added rate of China’s integrated circuit industry in 2013-2017 was 21%, about five times the global growth rate in the same period, it still lags far behind the world’s advanced level. According to the public information of the General Administration of Customs, the import value of integrated circuits has exceeded that of crude oil for three consecutive years since 2015. Among them, in 2017, the import value of integrated circuits reached 377 billion pieces, amounting to 260.1 billion US dollars, accounting for 14.1% of the import value of goods of 12.46 trillion yuan in the same period. On the evening of April 16th, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued an export ban on ZTE, which led to the crisis of ZTE, which truly reflected the dilemma that China’s information industry lacked "core" and "soul".

　　The breakthrough of core technology lies not only in technical difficulties, but also in the dilemma of ecological chain and industrial chain. Because foreign countries have taken the lead in core technology and developed numerous application software and services around their chips and operating systems, if they simply make technological breakthroughs, they will still be unable to get rid of the dilemma of being controlled by others if they cannot be mass-produced and industrialized. Therefore, in this speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader particularly emphasized that it is necessary to grasp the construction of the industrial system and make joint efforts in technology, industry and policy. It is necessary to follow the law of technological development, do a good job in systematic technological layout, choose the best among the best, and make key breakthroughs. It is necessary to strengthen centralized and unified leadership, improve the institutional environment such as finance, taxation, international trade, talent and intellectual property protection, optimize the market environment, and better release the innovation vitality of various innovation subjects. We should cultivate a fair market environment, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, and oppose monopoly and unfair competition. It is necessary to open a green channel for the connection between basic research and technological innovation, and strive to drive breakthroughs in applied technology groups with basic research. Only when independent innovation achieves a breakthrough in core technology can we truly build a network power.

　　Constructing concentric circles on and off the internet with comprehensive network management

　　Since we connected to the Internet, we have insisted on managing the Internet according to law, running the Internet according to law and surfing the Internet according to law, so that the Internet can run healthily on the track of the rule of law. Cyberspace is not an "extra-legal place". Cyberspace is virtual, but it is realistic to use the main body of cyberspace. Everyone should abide by the law and clarify the rights and obligations of all parties. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of network ethics and network civilization, give play to the guiding role of moral education, nourish cyberspace and repair network ecology with outstanding achievements of human civilization. Cyberspace is the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people. Cyberspace is clear and the ecology is good, which is in line with the interests of the people. Cyberspace is smoky and ecological deterioration, which is not in the interests of the people. No one wants to live in a space full of falsehood, fraud, attack, abuse, terror, pornography and violence. On the one hand, it is necessary to prevent illegal and illegal information such as inciting subversion of state power, inciting ethnic and religious hatred and terrorism, and pornographic, violent and bloody information; On the other hand, we should also give play to the role of public opinion supervision, including internet supervision. Leading cadres should follow the online mass line and welcome well-intentioned criticism.

　　To achieve the goal of "two hundred years", all aspects of society need to work together, and people of all ethnic groups in the country need to think in one place and work hard in one place. If a society has no common ideals, goals and values, and it is noisy all day, nothing can be done. We should improve the ability of comprehensive network governance, and form a comprehensive network governance pattern with the participation of multi-subjects, such as party Committee leadership, government management, enterprise responsibility, social supervision and self-discipline of netizens, and the combination of economic, legal and technical means. It is necessary to strengthen positive online publicity, adhere to the correct political direction, public opinion orientation and value orientation, unite and unite hundreds of millions of netizens with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, carry out in-depth education on ideals and beliefs, deepen publicity and education on Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese Dream in the New Era, actively cultivate and practice socialist core values, promote innovations in online publicity concepts, contents, forms, methods and means, grasp the timeliness and effectiveness, and build concentric circles online and offline to achieve better cohesion.

　　Let the people have more sense of gain, happiness and security.

　　The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the people-centered development idea and the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always stressed that the development of online information business should adapt to people’s expectations and needs, speed up the popularization of information services, reduce application costs, and provide useful, affordable and well-used information services for the people; It is necessary to do a good job in the deep integration of informationization and industrialization, develop intelligent manufacturing, and drive more people to innovate and start businesses; It is necessary to improve the level of intelligent agricultural production and network management and help farmers increase their income; Implement "Internet+education", "Internet+medical care" and "internet plus culture" to promote the equalization of basic public services; We can give full play to the role of the Internet in boosting poverty alleviation, and promote precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation; We can speed up the promotion of e-government, encourage government departments at all levels to break down information barriers and improve service efficiency, and so on.

　　The internet has indeed brought tangible convenience to the people. With the implementation of the broadband China strategy, it is estimated that by 2020, broadband network will basically cover all administrative villages, keep pace with the process of overall well-off, open up the "last mile" of network infrastructure, and let more people use the Internet. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, the online information business represents a new productive force and a new development direction. We should take the lead in practicing the new development concept and focus on building a modern economic system and achieving high-quality development. It is necessary to develop the digital economy, constantly promote new industries, new formats and new models, and promote new development with new kinetic energy. It is necessary to promote the digitalization of industries, transform traditional industries in an all-round, all-round and all-round way by using new technologies and applications of the Internet, and release the amplification, superposition and multiplication of numbers on economic development. It is necessary to use information technology to promote the openness of government affairs and party affairs, accelerate the promotion of e-government, and build an integrated online service platform for the whole process to better solve the problems of difficulty, slowness and complexity that enterprises and the masses have strongly reflected.

　　Under the guidance of the strategic thought of network power, implementing the people-centered development thought, and taking improving people’s well-being as the starting point and foothold of information development, our network power construction is sailing and breaking waves.

　　(Author: Zhi Zhenfeng, researcher and doctoral supervisor of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences)

　　China Meteorological Network News At 10: 00 on June 11, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a blue rainstorm warning. It is estimated that there will be heavy rainstorms in southern Jiangnan, central, eastern and southern South China, southeastern and western Yunnan, and Taiwan Province from 14: 00 on the 11th to 14: 00 on the 12th, including heavy rainstorms (100-150 mm) in parts of southwestern Jiangxi, central and southern Fujian, southeastern Guangxi, central and western Guangdong, and southern Taiwan Province. These local areas are accompanied by strong convective weather such as short-term thunderstorms and strong winds.

　　The meteorological department suggested that the government and relevant departments should do a good job in emergency prevention of rainstorm according to their duties, and all departments should strengthen information communication and emergency linkage; Do a good job in the drainage of cities and farmland, and pay attention to prevent possible disasters such as flash floods, landslides and mudslides; Cut off the outdoor power supply in dangerous areas and suspend outdoor work; The public should take measures to deal with the rainstorm and make reasonable arrangements for travel, production and life.　　

(Source: Editor of Central Meteorological Observatory: Li Wenqin)

　　

　　

　　　　

　　[Meteorological Science Popularization]

　　Rainstorm and its prevention and response

　　Heavy rain refers to rain with high precipitation intensity, which is often formed in cumulonimbus clouds. According to meteorological regulations, rain with an hourly rainfall of more than 16 mm, or a continuous rainfall of more than 30 mm for 12 hours and a 24-hour rainfall of 50 mm or more is called "rainstorm". According to its precipitation intensity, it is divided into three grades, that is, the 24-hour precipitation is 50-99.9 mm, which is called "rainstorm", the 100-249.9 mm is called "heavy rainstorm" and the 250 mm is called "extraordinary rainstorm". However, due to the different characteristics of precipitation and topography, the standards of rainstorm and flood in different places are also different. In business practice, rainstorm can be divided into local rainstorm, regional rainstorm, large-scale rainstorm and extra-large rainstorm according to the scope of occurrence and influence.

　　The local rainstorm lasts only a few hours or dozens of hours, and generally affects tens to thousands of square kilometers, causing less harm. However, when the rainfall intensity is extremely high, it can also cause serious casualties and property losses.

　　Regional rainstorm generally lasts for 3 ~ 7 days, and the influence range can reach 100 ~ 200,000 square kilometers or more. The disaster situation is average, but sometimes it may cause serious regional rainstorm and flood disaster due to the extremely strong rainfall intensity.

　　Extra-large-scale rainstorm lasts the longest, and it is generally a combination of continuous rainstorms in many areas. The rainfall can last intermittently for about 1 ~ 3 months, and the rain belt can be maintained for a long time. Torrential rain is a kind of disastrous weather, which often causes floods and serious soil erosion, leading to major economic losses such as engineering accidents, dike breaches and crop flooding. Especially for some low-lying and closed terrain areas, rainwater can not be quickly vented, resulting in farmland water accumulation and soil moisture over-saturation, which will cause more disasters.

　　How does the city "Rain Island" avoid waterlogging?

　　　　At present, China is at the peak of urbanization, population and wealth are constantly concentrated in cities, and the area of cities is getting bigger and bigger. Urban waterlogging not only brings inconvenience to people’s travel and life, but also may cause some secondary disasters. How to carry out scientific planning and design to ensure people’s travel and property safety?

　　Urban "Rain Island Effect" and "Turbid Island Effect"

　　Urban waterlogging refers to the phenomenon of waterlogging disaster in cities due to heavy precipitation or continuous precipitation exceeding urban drainage capacity. The amount of precipitation in a city depends firstly on the atmospheric circulation and secondly on the environmental conditions of the city itself.

　　Modern urban waterlogging has two characteristics: first, the universality of urban waterlogging exists in many cities in China. Secondly, the incidence of waterlogging is high in some specific places in the city, such as overpasses; With the construction of modern cities, underpasses, railway bridges and highway bridges crossing the street also occur frequently. In addition, in recent years, the phenomenon that precipitation in many cities is obviously greater than that in the surrounding suburbs has become more and more prominent.

　　High-rise buildings in cities are compared to "reinforced concrete forests", and with the increasing density of "forests", air conditioners and automobile exhaust increase the heat, forming a hot air flow over cities. The thicker the hot air flow, the more likely it is to cause precipitation. At the same time, the concentrated buildings in the city reduce the wind speed, and the weather system such as strong rain belt stays over the city longer than the empty suburbs, and the total precipitation increases, which is called the "rain island effect". The "rain island effect" mainly appears in flood season and rainstorm, and the frequency and intensity of urban rainstorm are higher than those in surrounding areas, which is easy to form flood disasters.

　　The concentration of industry, the large number of vehicles and the dense population in the city lead to the turbidity of polluted gases and dust in the air much higher than that in the surrounding areas, forming the urban "turbidity island effect". The influence of urban "turbid island effect" on rainfall is as follows: dust and other turbid substances are the most needed condensation nuclei for water vapor in clouds to change into rainfall. The more condensation nuclei there are over the city, the easier it is for water vapor to condense here and cause precipitation, thus increasing rainfall.

　　Generally speaking, the factors affecting urban waterlogging mainly include three aspects. One is rainfall, especially heavy rainfall. When the frequency and intensity of rainstorm in cities are higher than those in surrounding areas, it is easier to form flood disasters. The second is topography. It is not easy to form stagnant water in areas with relatively high terrain, but it is easy to form waterlogging in areas with relatively low terrain, which is also the reason why a large amount of stagnant water is easy to appear in overpasses and underground passages. Third, the urban drainage system is not perfect. In some cities, there are many "debts" in the drainage network, the pipes are aging and the drainage standards are relatively low. In addition, a large number of hard pavements, such as asphalt pavement and cement pavement, have poor permeability and are easy to cause water accumulation.

　　　How to effectively deal with the super-standard rainstorm

　　Unexpected events such as super-standard rainstorm will pose a great threat to urban waterlogging. Xie Yingxia, director of the Institute of Engineering Planning and Design of China Urban Planning and Design Institute, believes that combining engineering measures with non-engineering measures is an effective way to deal with the super-standard rainstorm, and it should be comprehensively considered from the aspects of economy and environment. First of all, for hard engineering measures, the standards should be appropriate and the emergency rescue system should be improved. When planning and designing, we should implement the construction contents, such as where to build reservoirs, where to divert floods, where to build pumping stations and where to build gates. Secondly, for soft non-engineering measures, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of emergency system and ensure its normal operation. In recent years, foreign countries have used ecological methods to improve the conditions of rainwater system, such as using permeable bricks to pave sidewalks, increasing permeable layers and reducing hard pavement. Storage regulation is also one of the main measures they usually take.

　　In addition, considering the environment, it is necessary to build an eco-city to meet the scientific development of the city. It is a good idea to beautify the city and store water and prevent waterlogging, such as increasing green space, reducing runoff, and using permeable bricks in sidewalks, squares and other areas. At the same time, planning and design methods that are economical, environmentally friendly and timely drainage are also needed to be strongly advocated.　　

　　So, how to carry out scientific planning and design to deal with urban waterlogging? Xie Yingxia said: First, we should update our concepts and pay attention to the problem of urban drainage; Second, it is necessary to introduce urban drainage planning and design standards as soon as possible, clarify the different drainage standards of different cities, and rationally arrange drainage facilities; Third, we should rationally choose urban construction land; Fourth, rational planning, scientific management, and targeted drainage planning; Fifth, we should take precautions against excessive rain, and reduce the loss of waterlogging by strengthening meteorological forecast and improving emergency management system; Sixth, we should gradually improve the construction standard of drainage system; Seventh, we must formulate good drainage measures. According to the local topography, the measures of flood interception, diversion and storage are studied; Eighth, we should pay attention to taking non-engineering measures, and it is strictly forbidden to occupy shed covers on both sides of the river, fill ditches and build land, and block the river bed. River ditches should be dredged in time to ensure smooth drainage.

the Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
Notice on printing and distributing the Interim Measures for the administration of employment subsidy funds

Caishe [2015] No.290 　　

All provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, the finance department (bureau), the human resources and social security department (bureau), the Finance Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and the Human Resources and Social Security Bureau:
　　In order to implement various employment policies, standardize the management of employment subsidy funds and improve the efficiency in the use of funds, we have formulated the Interim Measures for the Management of Employment Subsidies, which are hereby issued, please follow them.

Finance and administration department　　　　　
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security　　　　　
December 30, 2015　　　

　

Interim Measures for the Administration of Employment Subsidy Funds

Chapter I General Principles

　　the first　In order to implement various employment policies, standardize the management of employment subsidy funds and improve the efficiency in the use of funds, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Budget Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Employment Promotion Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and other relevant laws and regulations.
　　the second　Employment subsidy funds are special funds set up by the people’s governments at or above the county level to promote employment and entrepreneurship through general public budget arrangements, and managed by the financial department in conjunction with the human resources and social security department (hereinafter referred to as the human resources and social security department).
　　Article　Principles to be followed in the management of employment subsidy funds;
　　-Fairness and justice. Implement the national inclusive employment and entrepreneurship policy, focus on supporting the employment of groups with employment difficulties, moderately tilt to the central and western regions and areas with heavy employment tasks, and promote fair employment among different groups and regions.
　　-Incentive compatibility. Optimize the mechanism design, combine rewards with compensation, pay first (pad) and then make up, and give full play to the enthusiasm of policy enforcement departments and policy targets at all levels.
　　-accurate performance. Improve the operability and accuracy of policies, strengthen supervision and control, and strengthen the management of employment funds with performance orientation and result orientation.

Chapter II Scope of Capital Expenditure

　　Article 4　Employment subsidy funds are divided into two categories: subsidies for individuals and units, and subsidies for public employment service capacity building.
　　Subsidies for individuals and units are used for expenses such as vocational training subsidies, vocational skill appraisal subsidies, social insurance subsidies, public welfare post subsidies, employment trainee subsidies, job hunting and entrepreneurship subsidies; Public employment service capacity building subsidy funds are used for employment and entrepreneurship service subsidies and high-skilled personnel training subsidies and other expenses.
　　Article 5　Vocational training subsidies. The range of people who enjoy vocational training subsidies includes: children from poor families, college graduates in graduation year (including senior technicians’ classes, preparatory technicians’ classes and vocational education graduates from special education colleges, the same below), fresh junior and senior high school graduates who have not continued their studies in urban and rural areas, rural migrant workers, registered unemployed people in cities and towns (hereinafter referred to as the five categories), and eligible employees in enterprises.
　　(a) five categories of personnel employment skills training or entrepreneurship training. For five types of personnel who participate in employment skills training or entrepreneurship training and obtain vocational qualification certificates after training (or special vocational ability certificates or training certificates, the same below), certain standards of vocational training subsidies are given.
　　For the training institutions that advance the training fee for the labor reserve system for the fresh junior and senior high school graduates who have not continued their studies in urban and rural areas, a certain standard of vocational training subsidies will be given. Among them, rural students and urban low-income family students participate in the labor preparation training, and at the same time give a certain standard of cost of living allowance.
　　(2) On-the-job skills training for employees in qualified enterprises. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the state to participate in the enterprise new apprenticeship training, technician training of enterprise employees, after training to obtain vocational qualification certificates, to give employees or enterprises a certain standard of vocational training subsidies.
　　Article 6　Vocational skill appraisal subsidy. Five categories of personnel who have passed the initial vocational skill appraisal and obtained vocational qualification certificates or special vocational ability certificates shall be given vocational skill appraisal subsidies.
　　Article 7　Social insurance subsidies. The range of people who enjoy social insurance subsidies includes: people with employment difficulties and college graduates.
　　(a) social insurance subsidies for people with employment difficulties. Units that employ people with employment difficulties and pay social insurance premiums, and units that place people with employment difficulties through public welfare posts and pay social insurance premiums, shall be subsidized according to the basic old-age insurance premiums, basic medical insurance premiums and unemployment insurance premiums actually paid for people with employment difficulties, excluding the part that individuals with employment difficulties should pay.
　　A certain amount of social insurance subsidies shall be given to the social insurance premiums paid by people with employment difficulties after flexible employment, and the subsidy standard shall not exceed 2/3 of their actual contributions in principle.
　　The term of social insurance subsidies for people with employment difficulties can be extended to retirement except for those with employment difficulties who are less than 5 years away from the statutory retirement age, and the rest of the staff can not exceed 3 years at the longest (subject to the age when they first approved to enjoy social insurance subsidies).
　　(2) Social insurance subsidies for college graduates. Small and micro enterprises that recruit college graduates in graduation year, sign labor contracts with them for more than one year and pay social insurance premiums for them will be given social insurance subsidies for up to one year.
　　A certain amount of social insurance subsidies shall be given to the social insurance premiums paid by college graduates who have not been employed within one year after leaving school. The subsidy standard shall not exceed 2/3 of their actual contributions in principle, and the maximum subsidy period shall not exceed 2 years.
　　Article 8　Public welfare post subsidy. The range of people who enjoy public welfare post subsidies is people with employment difficulties, with emphasis on older unemployed people and zero-employment family members.
　　Post subsidies shall be given to the people with employment difficulties who are placed in public welfare posts, and the subsidy standards shall be implemented with reference to the local minimum wage standards.
　　The term of public welfare post subsidy can be extended to retirement except for those with employment difficulties who are less than 5 years away from the statutory retirement age, and the rest of the staff can not exceed 3 years at the longest (subject to the age when they first approved to enjoy public welfare post subsidy).
　　Article 9　Employment trainee subsidy. The range of people who enjoy the employment internship subsidy is unemployed college graduates within one year after leaving school. Units that recruit unemployed college graduates who have left school for one year to participate in employment probation and pay the basic living expenses of the trainees during the probation period will be given certain standards of employment probation subsidies. The trainee probation period retention rate reached more than 50% of the units, can be appropriately raised trainee subsidy standards.
　　Article 10　Job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies. For low-income families, disabled college graduates who have the willingness to find jobs and start businesses and actively seek jobs and start businesses in the graduation year, they will be given a one-time job-seeking and start-up subsidy.
　　Article 11　Employment and entrepreneurship service subsidies. It is used to strengthen the service capacity building of public employment and entrepreneurship service institutions, focus on supporting the construction and maintenance of information network systems, and purchase the results of basic employment and entrepreneurship services from the society.
　　Article 12　Subsidies for the training of highly skilled personnel. Focus on spending on the construction of high-skilled personnel training bases and the construction of skill master studios.
　　Article 13　The specific standards of the above-mentioned subsidies for individuals and units shall be determined by the provincial finance and human society departments in combination with local conditions on the basis of complying with the above principles.
　　All localities really need to add other expenditure items, which must be approved by the provincial people’s government, and shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant regulations of the state on the management of special transfer payments.
　　Article 14　Employment subsidy funds shall not be used for the following expenses:
　　(1) Expenditure on the construction of office buildings;
　　(2) Expenditure on dormitory construction;
　　(3) Expenditure on purchasing vehicles;
　　(four) expenses such as business guarantee loan funds and interest subsidies;
　　(five) the payment of personnel subsidies and other expenses;
　　(six) the "three public" expenditures.

Chapter III Allocation of Funds

　　Article 15　The central government’s employment subsidy funds are used to subsidize individuals and units, and the employment and entrepreneurship service subsidy funds in the public employment service capacity building subsidy are allocated by factor method.
　　Distribution factors include basic factors, input factors and performance factors. Among them: the basic factors are mainly based on the labor force population and other indicators, focusing on the assessment of employment tasks; Input factors are mainly based on the arrangement and use of local government employment funds and other indicators, focusing on the assessment of local investment; The performance factors are mainly based on the unemployment rate and the number of newly employed people in various places, focusing on assessing the effectiveness of implementing various employment policies in various places. The factors and weights of the annual allocation of funds can be appropriately adjusted according to the priorities of the annual employment work.
　　Article 16　The subsidy funds for the training of high-skilled talents in the public employment service capacity-building grant funds shall be subject to project management, and local human and social departments shall prepare medium-and long-term plans for the training of high-skilled talents and determine the key areas of high-skilled talents supported by the region.
　　Every year, the provincial departments of human resources and social security need to organize experts to review the high-skilled talent projects to be implemented in conjunction with the financial department, and the review results need to be reported to the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance for the record. The Ministry of Finance, together with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, will give a fixed subsidy according to the assessment results declared by various localities.
　　Article 17　The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will issue the estimated number of employment subsidy funds for the next year to the provincial financial and human resources departments before September 30 each year; Every year, within 90 days after the National People’s Congress examines and approves the central budget, the central financial employment subsidy fund budget is officially issued.
　　Article 18　The provincial finance and human society departments should formally reach the municipal and county finance and human society departments within 30 days after receiving the employment subsidy funds from the central government; Provincial and municipal finance and human society departments shall formally allocate the employment subsidy funds allocated by the government budget at the corresponding level to the lower-level government to the lower-level finance and human society departments within 60 days after the budget is approved by the people’s congress at the corresponding level. Local financial and social departments at all levels should put forward clear requirements for fund management of the employment subsidy funds they use, and organize and implement various employment and entrepreneurship policies in a timely manner.
　　Article 19　Employment subsidy funds should be in accordance with the provisions of the Ministry of Finance on the performance target management of special transfer payments, and do a good job in setting, reviewing and issuing performance targets.

Chapter IV Use of Funds

　　Article 20　Application and distribution of subsidies to units and individuals.
　　(1) Vocational training subsidies. Vocational training subsidies to implement the "first pad" approach.
　　Five types of personnel should apply to the local community departments for employment skills training and entrepreneurship training subsidies, and should provide the following materials: a copy of the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate (or the Employment and Unemployment Registration Certificate, the same below), a copy of the vocational qualification certificate, and an administrative fee bill (or tax invoice) issued by the training institution. Vocational training institutions should also provide the following materials for junior and senior high school graduates who have not continued their studies: a copy of their ID cards, a copy of their junior and senior high school diplomas, and an application agreement on their behalf; Cost of living allowance application materials for students from urban low-income families should also be accompanied by proof materials of minimum living guarantee for urban residents.
　　Eligible employees of enterprises should apply for technician training subsidies from local social departments and provide the following materials: copies of labor contracts, professional qualification certificates, and administrative fees bills (or tax invoices) issued by training institutions.
　　Enterprises should apply for new apprenticeship training subsidies for on-the-job employees to local community departments and provide the following materials: professional qualification certificates, administrative fees bills (or tax invoices) issued by training institutions, etc. Before carrying out technician training or new apprenticeship training, enterprises should also report the training plan, roster of trainers, copies of labor contracts and other relevant materials to the local community departments for the record.
　　After the above application materials are audited by the human and social departments, the training subsidies or cost of living allowance funds applied by five categories of personnel and employees in enterprises will be paid to the applicant’s personal bank account according to regulations; Training subsidies applied by enterprises and training institutions on their behalf shall be paid to the basic deposit account opened by enterprises and training institutions in banks according to regulations.
　　(two) occupation skill appraisal subsidies. Five types of personnel should apply for subsidies for vocational skill appraisal from local social departments and provide the following materials: a copy of Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate, a copy of vocational qualification certificate, and an administrative fee bill (or tax invoice) issued by a vocational skill appraisal institution. After being audited by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the applicant’s personal bank account as required.
　　(3) Social insurance subsidies. Social insurance subsidies shall be paid first and then supplemented.
　　Units that employ people with employment difficulties and small and micro enterprises that employ college graduates in the graduation year should apply for social insurance subsidies from local social departments and provide the following materials: a list of qualified personnel, a copy of the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate or a copy of the graduation certificate, a copy of the labor contract, and a social insurance payment ledger (form) issued by the social insurance fee collection agency. After the audit by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the basic deposit account opened by the unit in the bank according to the regulations.
　　Persons with employment difficulties in flexible employment and college graduates who have left school within one year of flexible employment should apply for social insurance subsidies from local social departments and provide the following materials: a copy of Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate or a copy of graduation certificate, proof of flexible employment, a detailed account of social insurance payment issued by the social insurance fee collection agency, etc. After being audited by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the applicant’s personal bank account as required.
　　Units that place people with employment difficulties through public welfare posts should apply for social insurance subsidies from local social departments and provide the following materials: a copy of the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate, proof of the number of years of enjoying social insurance subsidies, and a detailed account of social insurance payment issued by the social insurance fee collection agency. After the audit by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the basic deposit account opened by the unit in the bank according to the regulations.
　　(4) Public welfare post subsidies. Units that have placed people with employment difficulties through public welfare posts should apply for public welfare post subsidies from local social departments and provide the following materials: a copy of the Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate, proof of the years of enjoying public welfare post subsidies, and a detailed account (single) of wages paid by the unit. After the audit by the human society department, the subsidy funds will be paid to the personal bank account of the public welfare post placement personnel according to the regulations.
　　(5) Employment trainee subsidy. Units that have not employed college graduates within one year after leaving school to participate in employment internship should apply for employment internship subsidies from local social departments and should provide the following materials: list of people participating in employment internship, employment internship agreement, copy of Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate or graduation certificate, and detailed account (single) of basic living allowance issued by the unit. After the audit by the human and social departments, the subsidy funds will be paid to the basic deposit account opened by the unit in the bank according to the regulations.
　　(6) Job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies. Eligible college graduates should apply for job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies from local social departments, and should provide the following materials: proof that graduates have obtained national student loans (or enjoy subsistence allowances or have disabilities), and a copy of graduation certificate (or student status certificate). The application materials will be paid to the personal account opened by the graduates in the bank according to the regulations after the preliminary examination of the graduates’ colleges and universities is reported to the local social department for examination.
　　Article 21　The use of subsidy funds for public employment service capacity building.
　　(1) Subsidies for employment and entrepreneurship services. All localities should comprehensively consider the workload of grassroots public employment service institutions to undertake free public employment services, and arrange subsidy funds to protect and enhance their service capabilities; Subsidy funds can also be used to purchase the fruits of basic employment and entrepreneurship services from the society according to the relevant provisions of government procurement services, and the specific scope is determined by the provincial finance and human resources departments.
　　(2) Subsidies for training highly skilled personnel.
　　The use of funds for the construction project of high-skilled personnel training base. All localities should combine the needs of regional economic development, industrial revitalization and development planning and the development of emerging strategic industries, rely on vocational training institutions and urban public training bases with high-skilled personnel training capabilities, build high-skilled personnel training bases, and focus on activities such as high-skilled personnel training, high-skilled personnel evaluation, vocational skills competition, high-skilled personnel curriculum development, and high-skilled personnel achievement exchange.
　　The use of funds for the construction project of skill master studio. All localities should give full play to the important role of high-skilled leading talents in skills transmission, skills research, skills inheritance and skills promotion, select outstanding high-skilled talents in the front line of industry, enterprise production and service, build skills master studios based on their units, and carry out skills inheritance and upgrading activities such as training, research, research and communication.
　　Article 22　Local people’s social departments at all levels should be responsible for publicizing the use of the above-mentioned subsidy funds to the public on the departmental official website every year. The publicity contents include: the name of the unit or the list of personnel (including ID number) who enjoy various subsidies, subsidy standards and specific amounts, etc. Among them, the vocational training subsidy should also publicize the training content and the training results obtained; Public welfare post subsidies should also publicize the name of public welfare posts, the establishment unit, the list of resettlement personnel, and the time to enjoy subsidies; Job-seeking and entrepreneurship subsidies should be publicized in colleges and universities in the first instance.
　　Article 23　The payment of employment subsidy funds shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the financial treasury management system.

Chapter V Fund Management

　　Article 24　Local financial and social departments at all levels should establish and improve financial management rules and regulations, strengthen internal financial management, optimize business processes, and strengthen internal risk prevention and control.
　　Local human and social departments at all levels should establish and improve the ledger of employment subsidy funds, do a good job in the basic work of the use and management of subsidy funds, effectively identify the authenticity of personnel and units enjoying subsidy policies, and prevent fraud. Implement the relevant provisions of laws and regulations such as government procurement and standardize procurement behavior. Strengthen the informatization construction, timely incorporate the subsidized personnel, project subsidy units, capital standards, budget arrangement and implementation into the management information system, and realize information sharing with the financial department.
　　Article 25　Local financial and social departments should explore the establishment of a scientific and standardized performance evaluation index system and actively promote the performance management of employment subsidy funds. The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security shall regularly entrust a third party to evaluate the performance of employment subsidy funds according to the employment situation in various places. Local financial and social departments at all levels should evaluate the performance of the use of employment subsidy funds in the region, and take the evaluation results as an important basis for the allocation of employment subsidy funds.
　　Article 26　The financial and social departments at all levels should include the management and use of employment subsidy funds in the scope of key supervision and inspection, and consciously accept the inspection and social supervision by auditing departments. Where conditions permit, qualified social intermediary agencies may be hired to carry out third-party supervision and inspection.
　　Article 27　Local financial and social departments at all levels should do a good job in the annual budget and final accounts in accordance with the overall requirements of financial budget and final accounts management.
　　Article 28　The financial and social departments at all levels should do a good job in information disclosure, and disclose to the public the overall objectives of the annual employment work and the completion of work tasks through local media and departmental websites.
　　Article 29　Local financial and social departments at all levels should establish an accountability mechanism for "who uses and who is responsible" for employment subsidy funds. For acts such as detention, interception, misappropriation, misappropriation, false listing, arbitrage, and privately dividing employment subsidy funds, legal responsibilities shall be investigated in accordance with the Budget Law, Regulations on Penalties and Punishment for Financial Violations and other relevant state regulations. For areas that neglect management and use funds in violation of regulations, and directly affect the realization of various policies and objectives to promote employment and entrepreneurship, the central government will deduct their employment subsidy funds for the next year accordingly; If the circumstances are serious, the qualification of obtaining employment subsidy funds in this area in the next year will be cancelled, and it will be notified nationwide.

Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

　　Article 30　Local financial and social departments at all levels may formulate specific implementation rules for the management and use of employment subsidy funds in accordance with these measures.
　　Article 31　These Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2016. Ministry of Finance
Notice of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on Further Strengthening the Management of Special Funds for Employment (Caishe [2011] No.64) shall be abolished at the same time.