【Endeavor, New Journey, New Era and Extraordinary Decade】

　　[Ten-year answer sheet]

　　Guangming Daily reporter Qiu Yue

　　Social security can guarantee people’s basic income and basic medical care in old age, unemployment, illness, work injury and childbirth, and relieve people’s worries. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that social security is the basic institutional guarantee for safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood, maintaining social equity and enhancing people’s well-being, an important institutional arrangement for promoting economic and social development and realizing the broad masses of the people to share the fruits of reform and development, and a major issue for governing the country and safeguarding the country.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the reform of China’s social security system has been the strongest and the fastest. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, we have focused on enhancing fairness, adapting to mobility and ensuring sustainability, and made overall plans to promote the construction of a fair, unified and sustainable social security system covering the whole people, coordinating urban and rural areas, with remarkable achievements.

　　Recently, the 24-hour social insurance self-service hall in Jimo District, Qingdao, Shandong Province was opened, and citizens handled related business in front of the social security self-service machine set up in the hall. Xinhua news agency

　　　1. The coverage is constantly expanding.

　　In September, the weather is slightly cool, and the old village on the north bank of Miyun Reservoir in Beijing welcomes the most beautiful season of the year. In this village with many long-lived elderly people, the "junior" Lao Song, who just turned 60, has started to receive a pension.

　　Lao Song is an out-and-out farmer. In 2009, Beijing introduced the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents on the basis of new rural insurance and urban residence insurance. It was also from this year that Lao Song began to participate in endowment insurance. By March of this year, Lao Song had completed the 15-year collection standard at one time.

　　"I can have the same old-age security as people in the city. I didn’t even think about it before." At the thought of the pension that arrives on time every month, he smiles from ear to ear. "The staff in the town give me a very clear calculation. I pay according to the highest standard of 9,000 yuan every year, and I also enjoy government subsidies. Now there are more than 130,000 yuan in my personal pension account. In the future, I will receive a personal pension of more than 980 yuan per month, plus a basic pension of 887 yuan, which will be more than 1,800 yuan. "

　　The story of Lao Song is just a microcosm of the reform of the national endowment insurance. In the past ten years, people have witnessed the trajectory of the old-age insurance in become a butterfly.

　　Jong Li, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that in the past ten years, China has carried out the top-level design of endowment insurance and introduced the overall plan for the reform of endowment insurance system; Unified the old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, forming two basic old-age insurance system platforms for urban workers and urban and rural residents; Implemented the reform of the endowment insurance system of government agencies and institutions, and realized the integration with the enterprise endowment insurance system; Introduced the basic old-age insurance fund investment management measures, and carried out market-oriented investment operations; The central adjustment system of enterprise endowment insurance funds has been established, and the provincial-level overall planning of endowment insurance has been fully realized. At present, the national overall planning of endowment insurance is being implemented. The occupational annuity system was established, and the personal pension system was introduced, which filled the gap of multi-level and multi-pillar pension insurance system.

　　In the past ten years, focusing on the bottom line, weaving dense nets and establishing mechanisms, we have promoted the full coverage, basic protection, multi-level and sustainable development of social security, made important breakthroughs in the reform of social security system, and the coverage has been continuously expanded. The number of people participating in the three social insurances of basic pension, unemployment and work injury has increased from 790 million, 150 million and 190 million respectively in 2012 to 1.04 billion in June 2022. The basic medical insurance covers 1.36 billion people, and the participation rate remains above 95%.

　　"In the past ten years, China’s social security system has entered the fast lane. Through unremitting efforts, it has built a social security system with distinctive China characteristics, the largest scale in the world and complete functions." Jong Li said.

　　Residents consult and go through the formalities in the Medical Insurance Office of the First Hospital of Sanming City, Fujian Province. Xinhua news agency

　　2. The level of social security benefits has been continuously improved.

　　In Yujiafu Community, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, there is an old man named Li Xiufang. She has been dealing with fields and crops all her life, and her work and time have left traces of time on her dark face. Many years ago, the rapid development of cities included neighboring villages. Li Xiufang also lived in a new house, but she was used to working every day and living on the harvest in the field, and suddenly lost her land, which made her feel very helpless.

　　Fortunately, the implementation of a policy has brought a new beginning to life in Li Xiufang — — Chengdu has included all eligible land-expropriated farmers, including the elderly in Li Xiufang, into the coverage of old-age insurance, which not only solved their worries, but also improved their security level year by year.

　　"At the earliest time, my pension was seven or eight hundred yuan a month, so I didn’t have to worry about my daily life. I started dancing and climbing mountains with my sisters, so life was much more comfortable. Not to mention that the pension has been rising every year for so many years, and the pension that has just arrived this month has been nearly 2000 yuan a month! Not only do you usually spend enough for yourself, but you also have money to buy some delicious food for your grandchildren, save some money, and go out for a trip. " Li Xiufang said.

　　In the past ten years, adhering to the principle that the level of social security is compatible with economic development, China has steadily improved various social security benefits and effectively improved people’s living standards. Jong Li introduced that since 2012, China has continuously adjusted the basic pension for retirees of enterprises, institutions and institutions, and established and improved the mechanism for determining and reasonably adjusting the basic pension benefits, taking into account factors such as price changes, wage growth of employees, fund affordability and financial situation. Since 2014, the national basic pension standard for basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents has been raised four times.

　　Since 2012, the monthly per capita pension of enterprise retirees has increased from 1,686 yuan to 2,987 yuan, the monthly per capita pension of urban and rural residents has increased from 82 yuan to 179 yuan, the monthly average unemployment insurance premium has increased from 707 yuan to 1,585 yuan, and the monthly average industrial injury insurance disability allowance has increased from 1,864 yuan to about 4,000 yuan. At the same time, the guarantee capacity has been continuously enhanced. The accumulated balance of the three social insurance funds is 6.9 trillion yuan, the annual income and expenditure scale of the funds exceeds 13 trillion yuan, and the market-oriented investment and operation funds exceed 8 trillion yuan.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, especially since the establishment of the National Health Insurance Bureau in 2018, residents’ medical insurance benefits have become higher and higher, and the scope of reimbursement has become wider and wider. At present, the participation rate of China’s basic medical insurance is stable at over 95%, and the proportion of hospitalization expenses within the scope of employee medical insurance and resident medical insurance policies is about 80% and 70% respectively. The annual income and expenditure of the fund are over 2 trillion yuan, benefiting more than 4 billion people to seek medical treatment, which has played an important role in solving the problem of expensive medical treatment, supporting the development of medical and health undertakings, maintaining social stability and promoting common prosperity.

　　　3. The management service level has been significantly improved.

　　The Pearl River enters the sea, and a bridge connects the three places. At one end of the bridge, Mr. Li, a Macao resident, grew up at home, and at this end of the bridge — — Zhuhai, Guangdong, is his home with a residence permit. In 2020, 59-year-old Mr. Li learned through the media in Zhuhai and Macao that unemployed Macao residents with Zhuhai residence permits can participate in the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents in Zhuhai, and went through the relevant insurance procedures in Zhuhai.

　　In January, 2021, Mr. Li saw in the news that the affiliated outlets of the Macao Federation of Trade Unions could handle the social security-related business in Zhuhai, so he went to the agency to understand and handle the wholesale payment and pension application business of urban and rural residents’ pension insurance in Zhuhai. Within two working days, Zhuhai Social Insurance Fund Management Center received Mr. Li’s application materials handed over by Macau Federation of Trade Unions, and "packaged" its endowment insurance for urban and rural residents and pension application business. "You can receive social security benefits from Zhuhai in Macao, and you have completed all the business at your doorstep. Thanks for such a good policy and praise for the intimate social security service!" He couldn’t help sighing.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the framework of national policies, China has successively introduced policies such as holding permanent residence permits for foreigners and participating in the residence permits for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residents, which has made more strangers feel at home. Mr. Li’s story is just the tip of the iceberg for the remarkable improvement of China’s social security management service level.

　　In the past ten years, more than 5,400 social security agencies at or above the county level have been established around recording, guaranteeing and serving a lifetime. A five-level social security management service network has basically taken shape, the national social insurance public service platform has been put into operation, and the level of standardization, standardization and informatization of management services has been significantly improved. It is more convenient and fast to handle social security affairs for the masses nearby, online and quickly. The national medical insurance settlement network for medical treatment in different places has been basically completed, and cross-provincial reimbursement for medical treatment in different places has been implemented.

　　By the end of June 2022, the number of social security card holders exceeded 1.36 billion, of which the number of electronic social security card recipients exceeded 575 million. The cumulative number of visits to the national social insurance public service platform has exceeded 3.6 billion, which facilitates the people to run it across provinces and through one network. The national social insurance public service platform opened 52 national and cross-regional social security public services, with a cumulative number of visits exceeding 3 billion.

　　It seems to be the most extraordinary, but it is easy but hard to achieve. In the past ten years, from Tiannan to Haibei, from urban to rural areas, China has established the social security system with the largest coverage in the world by implementing the universal enrollment plan and accurately promoting the enrollment of key groups. The coverage of social security has been continuously expanded, the benefits have been steadily improved, the support capacity has been continuously enhanced, and the service level has been significantly improved … … This increasingly woven social security net has helped the people to have a stable happiness.

　　?Beijing’s social security process

　　1. Use IE browser to log on to Beijing social insurance online service platform. Click Company Business-Login.

　　■ Units with electronic certificates within the validity period can log in with certificates.

　　■ Units with electronic business licenses can use the electronic business license to scan the QR code to log in.

　　2. After the login is successful, click on the [Declaration Business]-[New Insured Registration Declaration] on the left.

　　3. Enter the ID number and name, select the certificate type and then click [OK] to enter the new insured registration page, and enter the basic information of the new insured (the blue item is required).

　　Note: If the following prompt pops up, you need to fill in the employee’s labor contract (labor dispatch agreement) and other related information.

　　Select Employee Type in the labor contract information registration area and enter the labor contract related information.

　　4. Click "Browse" to select the electronic photos of the insured and upload them.

　　【 Precautions 】 When browsing and uploading the electronic photos of the insured, the name of the insured must be entered first, otherwise the electronic photos cannot be imported.

　　Electronic photos used to make social security cards should meet the format requirements: my recent one-inch, front, bareheaded, color, white background, and the color contrast between clothes and background is large, jpg format, width: 358 pixels, height: 441 pixels; The file is not less than 9KB and not more than 20KB.

　　As shown in the figure below, the electronic photo of the insured person is displayed, which means that the upload is successful:

　　5. After the basic information is entered, click Save or Submit.

　　6. Confirm the submission of new insured information, and then click the [Confirm Submit] button to declare.

　　7. Check the real-time declaration results, and the feedback of successful declaration is shown in the figure below. After the registration and declaration of the new insured is successful, click the link below to download and print the Certificate of Getting a New and Supplementary (Replacement) Social Security Card and distribute it to employees. The unit does not have to go to the social security agency window for review.

　　The above source is: Shijingshan District People’s Government of Beijing.

　　?Does Beijing Social Security Card need to be activated after receiving it?

　　A:Need.Take the card to the designated hospital with card settlement, and the medical insurance function can be activated after the first successful use. The social security card with financial function needs to be activated at any business outlet of Bank of Beijing.

　　?Recommended reading:

　　> > Can Beijing children get a social security card?

　　> > how to pay social security in Beijing?

　　> > Can Beijing Social Security Card Issuing Bank be replaced?

Reporter Fu Chang and intern Ren Yawen report that the last day of February every year is "International Day of Rare Diseases". On February 23rd, the Rare Diseases Branch of Guangdong Medical Association held the 2019 "International Rare Diseases Day" charity clinic in Guangzhou Hero Square. Experts said that many patients with rare diseases still face problems such as high drug costs, and the public lacks sufficient understanding of rare diseases, calling on the society to pay more attention.

Parents’ voice of children with rare diseases: it is difficult to seek medical treatment and the medicine cost is expensive.

On the morning of the 23rd, there was a light rain in Guangzhou. Although the weather is not beautiful, there are still crowds in front of the charity clinic booth in Hero Square. Many parents came to consult with their children. They frowned slightly and pulled the doctor to ask various questions, as if they had caught the "life-saving straw". In the crowd, the reporter met Mr. Deng and his 4-year-old daughter Jia Jia (a pseudonym).

Mr. Deng told reporters that it was accidental that Jia Jia was diagnosed with a rare disease. "One day, I found that Jia Jia kept blinking when playing with her mobile phone. We thought she had an eye problem, so we quickly took her to the community hospital to see a doctor." He said that as a result, after repeated examinations, ophthalmologists could do nothing about Jiajia’s illness and could not tell why. Seeing that Jia Jia’s symptoms became more and more obvious, Mr. Deng and his wife asked around and visited experts. After many referrals, in November 2017, Jia Jia was finally diagnosed with mucopolysaccharide storage disease in Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center.

It is understood that mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a rare disease with congenital metabolic abnormality, with an incidence rate of about one in 100,000. Because of the lack of lysosomal enzymes, patients can’t decompose mucopolysaccharides in the body. The accumulated mucopolysaccharides will affect the normal function of cells and destroy many organs of the body such as brain, heart valve, lung and bone. On May 11, 2018, the National Health and Wellness Committee and other five departments jointly formulated the "First List of Rare Diseases", and mucopolysaccharide storage disease was also included.　

Jia Jia, who was diagnosed with this disease, is undoubtedly unfortunate, but compared with other children with mucopolysaccharidosis, Jia Jia may be lucky. Because at the time of diagnosis, Jia Jia’s mother had been pregnant for 30 weeks with her second child, and worried that the second baby would get sick, she immediately went to the hospital for a umbilical cord blood puncture. After confirming the health of the fetus, Jia Jia and her unborn sister were successfully matched, and a bone marrow transplant was successfully performed after her mother gave birth.

"Because of early diagnosis and early treatment, Jia Jia’s current height and intellectual development are normal." Mr. Deng said that in order to help his daughter with treatment, he had previously joined a group of patients with mucopolysaccharide storage disease, many of whom were still struggling on the road of seeking medical treatment and even took many detours. "As far as I know, the average diagnosis time of patients with rare diseases is 7 years, which often misses the ideal treatment period." Mr. Deng said. The reporter also saw at the scene that some children around the age of 10 are only 1 meter tall and have obvious abnormal physical characteristics.

The reporter learned that for the treatment of mucopolysaccharide storage disease, in addition to the bone marrow transplantation surgery accepted by Jia Jia, some experts also proposed gene therapy and enzyme replacement therapy. The former is still in the state of research and development, while the latter refers to the artificial production of enzymes that patients lack and intravenous injection into patients. However, at present, this therapy has not entered the domestic market, and the drug price is expensive, with an annual cost of up to 2 million yuan, which requires lifelong medication. Without the support of medical insurance, ordinary families simply cannot afford it.

Experts appeal: Rare diseases need attention from all walks of life.

It is reported that the World Health Organization (WHO) defines rare diseases as diseases with an incidence of 0.65-1‰, and there are currently about 7,000-8,000 species in the world. "However, due to the large population base in China, rare diseases are not uncommon in terms of the number of patients." Liu Li, chairman of the Rare Diseases Branch of Guangdong Medical Association and chief physician of the Department of Genetics and Endocrinology of Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, said. On the occasion of the International Day of Rare Diseases, Liu Li hopes to raise the social attention of rare diseases through public welfare clinics.

She introduced that one of the difficulties in the diagnosis of rare diseases lies in parents’ insufficient understanding of rare diseases. "In real life, a sick child has not been diagnosed and other sick children have been born. This kind of thing often happens." She said that 70%-80% of rare diseases are hereditary diseases, and 70%-80% of rare diseases occur in childhood. Liu Li suggested that parents should have a clear understanding of their children’s development and pay attention to their abnormal conditions in time. If there have been rare cases in the family, prenatal diagnosis must be made before giving birth.

"Rare diseases are rare, doctors who can diagnose rare diseases are even rarer, and drugs that can treat rare diseases are even rarer." This is the true voice of parents of children such as Mr. Deng. Liu Li said that for this reason, the Rare Diseases Branch of Guangdong Medical Association goes to remote places to give academic lectures every year, so that grassroots doctors can understand rare diseases. When patients are found to be abnormal, they can also help to refer them to experts in time, so that patients can seek medical treatment and avoid detours.

She also pointed out that due to the small number of users, high research and development costs, and the lack of relevant laws and regulations in the country, pharmaceutical companies are reluctant to take the initiative to produce rare diseases, which makes it difficult and expensive for patients to buy drugs. However, this situation is gradually improving. With the release of the first batch of rare diseases catalogue in China and the recent joint notice issued by the four departments, the value-added tax policy for rare diseases drugs has been clarified, and the tax rates of some raw materials and imported drugs have been reduced, which will reduce the drug cost of more patients with rare diseases in the future. The patients also called for more drugs to be included in the medical insurance reimbursement.

[Introduction of Several Rare Diseases]

Gaucher’s disease

Gaucher’s disease is a rare monogenic disease and the most common lysosomal storage disease, which is autosomal recessive, with an incidence of about 1/50,000~1/100,000. The mutation of glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) leads to the lack of glucocerebrosidase activity, which leads to the accumulation of glucocerebrosidase in the lysosomes of macrophages in liver, spleen, bone, lung and even brain, forming a typical storage cell, namely "Gaucher cell", which leads to pathological changes in the affected tissues and organs, and the clinical manifestations are that multiple organs are involved and gradually aggravated. Clinically, Gaucher’s disease can be divided into three types: type ⅰ (non-neuropathy type); Type Ⅱ (acute neuropathy); Type ⅲ (chronic or subacute neuropathy). Caucasians account for about 95% of Gaucher’s disease type I, while Asians account for more than 50% of Gaucher’s disease type II and III.

Patients with Gaucher’s disease are usually characterized by splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia, which are similar to the clinical symptoms of many hematological diseases. Therefore, most patients with Gaucher’s disease will initially go to the hematology department. Hematologists should conduct glucocerebrosidase activity tests to diagnose or rule out Gaucher’s disease after excluding malignant tumors and other diseases.

Gaucher’s disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disease. If the patient’s parents give birth again, the risk of their children getting sick is 25%. For the families and relatives who have given birth to Gaucher’s disease patients, genetic counseling and detection of pathogenic gene carriers should be carried out. Prenatal diagnosis is the most effective way to prevent high-risk families from giving birth to similar children again.

neonatal diabetes

Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare special type of diabetes mellitus, which usually refers to persistent and progressive hyperglycemia that occurs within months after birth. The incidence rate is 1/300,000~1/400,000. In the past, the etiology of this type of diabetes was unclear, and it was regarded as an early-onset type of type 1 diabetes for a long time because it needed insulin treatment.

Neonatal diabetes can occur in both men and women, and the onset age ranges from a few days to several weeks. The earliest symptoms that lead to medical treatment are unexplained polyuria and drinking water, often accompanied by feeding difficulties, weight loss or even emaciation, mild to moderate dehydration, mental drowsiness and so on. Some children were diagnosed with elevated blood sugar in routine physical examination, but delayed diagnosis may also lead to symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis, such as vomiting, shortness of breath, listlessness and even coma. This is a serious manifestation of diabetes, which requires urgent treatment in the hospital. A few children will have motor retardation and occasional convulsions.

Most neonatal diabetes is caused by gene mutation, and the treatment and prognosis of neonatal diabetes caused by different gene mutations are different, so chromosome microarray and gene mutation detection are needed to further clarify the cause diagnosis. Neonatal diabetic children with KCNJⅡ gene and ABCC8 gene mutation can control their blood sugar better by oral sulfonylureas than by exogenous insulin injection.

glycogen storage disease

Glycogen accumulation disease is a kind of glycogen metabolism disorder disease caused by congenital enzyme deficiency, most of which are autosomal recessive inheritance (except for X-linked recessive inheritance of type VI), and its incidence rate is 1/(2 ~ 25 thousand). The process of glycogen synthesis and catabolism requires the participation of various enzymes. There are 12 types of clinical diseases caused by these enzyme defects, among which liver diseases are the main types I, III, IV, VI and VII. Type ⅱ, ⅴ and ⅶ are mainly muscle tissue damage. The common feature of these diseases is glycogen utilization disorder, which increases in liver, muscle, kidney and other tissues.

Glycogen accumulation disease type I is caused by the deficiency of glucose -6- phosphatase system in liver, kidney and other tissues, and it is the most common glycogen accumulation disease, accounting for about 25% of the total. The main manifestations are hypoglycemia, growth retardation, muscle relaxation, abdominal distension, abnormal liver function, metabolic acidosis, increased triglyceride and uric acid in blood tests, and gout and kidney calculi may occur in older children. Most children are prone to infection. Children with the above-mentioned clinical manifestations need to go to a hospital with the conditions for genetic analysis for genetic examination and definite diagnosis and disease classification.

This disease is a rare treatable disease, and diet therapy is the main treatment for glycogen storage disease. The proportions of three nutrients in total calories are: carbohydrate 60-70%, protein 10-15%, and fat < 30%. The carbohydrate is mainly raw corn flour, and raw corn starch releases glucose at a moderate speed in the body, thus maintaining the stability of blood sugar in the body for a period of time, avoiding hypoglycemia and improving metabolic abnormalities in the body. The vast majority of carbohydrates eaten by children in one day must be replaced by raw corn flour. Infant’s diet is fed continuously for 8-10 hours with nasogastric tube at night to maintain blood sugar stability and avoid fasting for more than 4 hours. Pay attention to avoid eating foods containing sucrose, fructose, lactose and galactose, such as fruits, sweets, sugary drinks and commercial products containing milk; In the aspect of fat intake, it is necessary to limit the intake of saturated fatty acids, take more units and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Blood sugar should be maintained between 3.9 and 6.7 mmol/L, so as to ensure the normal growth and development of children.

　　[In-depth study and implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era]

　　The important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the National Cyber Security and Informatization Work Conference, standing on the overall height of human historical development and the cause of the party and the state, condensed the historical experience of human development and the practical wisdom of the Chinese nation, accurately grasped the inherent law of the evolution of scientific and technological revolution and the valuable enlightenment of social production reform, scientifically analyzed the trend of informatization reform and the historical mission we shouldered, and systematically explained the rich connotation of the strategic thinking of strengthening the country through the network. Profound answers to a series of important theoretical and practical questions related to the development of the network information industry have clearly defined the direction of progress and provided fundamental follow-up for grasping the historical opportunity of the information revolution, strengthening network security and informatization, and accelerating the construction of a network power. The grand blueprint is drawn on a piece of paper, and the great cause of the beginning is broken. "People-centered" has laid a heavy foundation for this important historical document, and "Building a network power" has played an inspiring sound of this gorgeous movement.

　　Informatization has brought a golden historical opportunity to the Chinese nation.

　　Human society has experienced agricultural revolution and industrial revolution, and is experiencing information revolution. Every industrial revolution has greatly enhanced human survival ability and brought about all-round changes in economy and politics. In the long agricultural society, China used to be an economic power in the world, creating a splendid civilization, but later missed the industrial revolution, lost the historical opportunity to make progress with the world, and gradually fell into a passive position. Through the efforts of several generations, we have never been so close to the goal of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as we are today, and we have never been more confident and capable of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as we are today.

　　At present and in the future, the goal of China’s development is to achieve the goal of "two hundred years". The information revolution has enhanced human brain power, is bringing another leap in productivity, and has caused wider economic and social changes. New technology brings a new economy, and the new economy promotes new formats. Information network, biotechnology, clean energy, new materials and advanced manufacturing have given birth to a number of subversive technologies. New network forms such as industrial Internet, Internet of Things and Internet of Vehicles are constantly emerging, and application technologies such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence are expanding and upgrading. The 5G era is opening, and the digital economy is becoming an important driving force for global industrial change and economic growth. Major countries in the world are stepping up their layout of high-end fields in an effort to seize the commanding heights of future competition.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Informatization has brought a golden opportunity to the Chinese nation." We must seize this precious opportunity, make great efforts to promote the deep integration of information network technology and the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, adhere to intelligent manufacturing as the main direction of the integration of the two industries, give full play to the dual advantages of a manufacturing power and a network power, and promote the transformation of the industrial economy into a data-driven innovation system and development model. Greatly improve the supporting capacity of network facilities, core technology innovation capacity, industrial integration leading capacity, cyberspace protection capacity and network management capacity according to law, promote the deep integration of information network technologies such as Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with manufacturing industry, lay out industrial Internet in a forward-looking way, vigorously develop intelligent integrated industries, build a group of platform-based enterprises with ecological control, and build a new form of digital economy with networking, intelligence, service and synergy. Informatization will inject surging momentum into the Chinese dream of winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The new era has brought unparalleled historical achievements to the network letter cause.

　　In the 24 years since accessing the Internet, we have correctly handled the relationship between security and development, openness and autonomy, management and service, and made remarkable achievements in promoting the development of the Internet. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has attached importance to, developed and governed the Internet, made overall plans and coordinated major issues related to informationization and network security in political, economic, cultural, social and military fields, made a series of major decisions and put forward a series of major initiatives, and promoted the historic achievements in the network information industry.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has made great efforts to strengthen overall coordination and top-level design, and promoted the formation of a new pattern of "one chess game" in online information work, and the system of Internet construction, management and application has been continuously improved. Efforts have been made to strengthen the construction and management of online content, and a number of normative documents on content governance, such as the Cyber Security Law, the Provisions on the Management of Internet News Information Services and the Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures for Internet Information Content Management, have been promulgated and implemented, with stronger positive energy on the Internet, higher main melody and increasingly clear cyberspace; Focus on building a network security system to better safeguard the security of key information infrastructure and effectively safeguard the security and interests of national cyberspace; Efforts will be made to play the leading role of informatization, the digital economy will flourish, the online information enterprises will grow rapidly, and the achievements of Internet development will better benefit the society and serve the people; Efforts have been made to promote the reform of the global governance system of the Internet. The "four principles" and "five propositions" of the Supreme Leader General Secretary have been widely recognized by the international community. Cybersovereignty has increasingly become an international consensus, and China’s international discourse power and influence in cyberspace have been significantly enhanced. China is striding forward from a cyber power to a cyber power.

　　By the end of 2017, the number of netizens in China reached 772 million, with a total of 40.74 million new netizens in the whole year. The construction of network infrastructure was accelerated, the penetration rate of fixed broadband households reached 72%, the scale of 4G users reached 997 million, and the project of information entering villages and households was fully implemented; The digital economy is active, with a scale of 27.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.3%, accounting for 32.9% of GDP; Significant progress has been made in core technologies, and important breakthroughs have been made in the research, development, testing and verification of 5G network technologies. The NB-IoT technical scheme proposed by Huawei has been approved by 3GPP and has become an international standard. The overall evolution and upgrading of IPv6 has been accelerated, and China Telecom has built the world’s first commercial narrowband Internet of Things with the widest coverage, and 310,000 base stations in the whole network have been upgraded simultaneously; Information benefiting the people has achieved outstanding results, and coordinated the five major projects of network coverage, rural e-commerce, network intelligence, information services and network public welfare, and promoted precise poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation; Twelve countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative have built 34 cross-border land cables and a number of international submarine cables, China &mdash; The construction of the ASEAN Information Port and the China-Arab Online Silk Road Economic Cooperation Experimental Zone were first launched, and a large number of outstanding enterprises actively went abroad, providing high-quality information products and technical services to the Belt and Road countries in emerging industries such as broadband information infrastructure, big data, cross-border e-commerce, and smart cities, and contributing China wisdom to the digital economy development of the Belt and Road countries.

　　Promoting the construction of a network power in the new era with independent innovation

　　On February 27th, 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the first meeting of the Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization that the development level of informatization is determined by the development level of information technology and industry. It is necessary to strengthen independent innovation of core technologies and infrastructure construction, and emphasize the need to build a strong network country with its own technology and excellent technology. At the symposium on network security and informatization held on April 19, 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate", and the core technology is subject to people, which is our biggest hidden danger. Even if an Internet company is large in scale and high in market value, if its core components are heavily dependent on foreign countries and the "life gate" of the supply chain is in the hands of others, it is like building a house on the foundation of someone else’s wall. No matter how big and beautiful it is, it may not stand the wind and rain, or even be vulnerable. The core technology is the heavy weapon of the country, and the most critical and core technology should be based on independent innovation and self-reliance. The market can’t change the core technology, and money can’t buy the core technology. We must rely on our own research and development and development. If we want to master the initiative of China’s Internet development, and ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology and strive to achieve "overtaking in corners" in some fields and aspects.

　　However, due to the high complexity of information technology represented by integrated circuits, and the characteristics of "the strong will always be strong", although the annual compound value-added rate of China’s integrated circuit industry in 2013-2017 was 21%, about five times the global growth rate in the same period, it still lags far behind the world’s advanced level. According to the public information of the General Administration of Customs, the import value of integrated circuits has exceeded that of crude oil for three consecutive years since 2015. Among them, in 2017, the import value of integrated circuits reached 377 billion pieces, amounting to 260.1 billion US dollars, accounting for 14.1% of the import value of goods of 12.46 trillion yuan in the same period. On the evening of April 16th, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued an export ban on ZTE, which led to the crisis of ZTE, which truly reflected the dilemma that China’s information industry lacked "core" and "soul".

　　The breakthrough of core technology lies not only in technical difficulties, but also in the dilemma of ecological chain and industrial chain. Because foreign countries have taken the lead in core technology and developed numerous application software and services around their chips and operating systems, if they simply make technological breakthroughs, they will still be unable to get rid of the dilemma of being controlled by others if they cannot be mass-produced and industrialized. Therefore, in this speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader particularly emphasized that it is necessary to grasp the construction of the industrial system and make joint efforts in technology, industry and policy. It is necessary to follow the law of technological development, do a good job in systematic technological layout, choose the best among the best, and make key breakthroughs. It is necessary to strengthen centralized and unified leadership, improve the institutional environment such as finance, taxation, international trade, talent and intellectual property protection, optimize the market environment, and better release the innovation vitality of various innovation subjects. We should cultivate a fair market environment, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, and oppose monopoly and unfair competition. It is necessary to open a green channel for the connection between basic research and technological innovation, and strive to drive breakthroughs in applied technology groups with basic research. Only when independent innovation achieves a breakthrough in core technology can we truly build a network power.

　　Constructing concentric circles on and off the internet with comprehensive network management

　　Since we connected to the Internet, we have insisted on managing the Internet according to law, running the Internet according to law and surfing the Internet according to law, so that the Internet can run healthily on the track of the rule of law. Cyberspace is not an "extra-legal place". Cyberspace is virtual, but it is realistic to use the main body of cyberspace. Everyone should abide by the law and clarify the rights and obligations of all parties. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of network ethics and network civilization, give play to the guiding role of moral education, nourish cyberspace and repair network ecology with outstanding achievements of human civilization. Cyberspace is the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people. Cyberspace is clear and the ecology is good, which is in line with the interests of the people. Cyberspace is smoky and ecological deterioration, which is not in the interests of the people. No one wants to live in a space full of falsehood, fraud, attack, abuse, terror, pornography and violence. On the one hand, it is necessary to prevent illegal and illegal information such as inciting subversion of state power, inciting ethnic and religious hatred and terrorism, and pornographic, violent and bloody information; On the other hand, we should also give play to the role of public opinion supervision, including internet supervision. Leading cadres should follow the online mass line and welcome well-intentioned criticism.

　　To achieve the goal of "two hundred years", all aspects of society need to work together, and people of all ethnic groups in the country need to think in one place and work hard in one place. If a society has no common ideals, goals and values, and it is noisy all day, nothing can be done. We should improve the ability of comprehensive network governance, and form a comprehensive network governance pattern with the participation of multi-subjects, such as party Committee leadership, government management, enterprise responsibility, social supervision and self-discipline of netizens, and the combination of economic, legal and technical means. It is necessary to strengthen positive online publicity, adhere to the correct political direction, public opinion orientation and value orientation, unite and unite hundreds of millions of netizens with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, carry out in-depth education on ideals and beliefs, deepen publicity and education on Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese Dream in the New Era, actively cultivate and practice socialist core values, promote innovations in online publicity concepts, contents, forms, methods and means, grasp the timeliness and effectiveness, and build concentric circles online and offline to achieve better cohesion.

　　Let the people have more sense of gain, happiness and security.

　　The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the people-centered development idea and the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always stressed that the development of online information business should adapt to people’s expectations and needs, speed up the popularization of information services, reduce application costs, and provide useful, affordable and well-used information services for the people; It is necessary to do a good job in the deep integration of informationization and industrialization, develop intelligent manufacturing, and drive more people to innovate and start businesses; It is necessary to improve the level of intelligent agricultural production and network management and help farmers increase their income; Implement "Internet+education", "Internet+medical care" and "internet plus culture" to promote the equalization of basic public services; We can give full play to the role of the Internet in boosting poverty alleviation, and promote precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation; We can speed up the promotion of e-government, encourage government departments at all levels to break down information barriers and improve service efficiency, and so on.

　　The internet has indeed brought tangible convenience to the people. With the implementation of the broadband China strategy, it is estimated that by 2020, broadband network will basically cover all administrative villages, keep pace with the process of overall well-off, open up the "last mile" of network infrastructure, and let more people use the Internet. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, the online information business represents a new productive force and a new development direction. We should take the lead in practicing the new development concept and focus on building a modern economic system and achieving high-quality development. It is necessary to develop the digital economy, constantly promote new industries, new formats and new models, and promote new development with new kinetic energy. It is necessary to promote the digitalization of industries, transform traditional industries in an all-round, all-round and all-round way by using new technologies and applications of the Internet, and release the amplification, superposition and multiplication of numbers on economic development. It is necessary to use information technology to promote the openness of government affairs and party affairs, accelerate the promotion of e-government, and build an integrated online service platform for the whole process to better solve the problems of difficulty, slowness and complexity that enterprises and the masses have strongly reflected.

　　Under the guidance of the strategic thought of network power, implementing the people-centered development thought, and taking improving people’s well-being as the starting point and foothold of information development, our network power construction is sailing and breaking waves.

　　(Author: Zhi Zhenfeng, researcher and doctoral supervisor of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences)

Creative group photo

1905 movie network news At 7: 00 pm local time in Venice on September 2, the main venue of Venice International Film Festival, Lido Island, the world’s first "Belt and Road" documentary film held an international promotion conference full of oriental characteristics, from Italy, France, Germany, Britain, the United States, Japan, Spain and other film companies, distribution company representatives, international producers, film critics, More than 200 people attended the film promotion meeting, including Italian Ansa news agency, French Agence France-Presse, British Reuters, China Xinhua News Agency, China Central Radio and Television General Station and other domestic and foreign media as well as the film creative team. Together, they witnessed the film’s first sound to the world.

For the first time, China paid attention to the global vision of human destiny and told the real power.

Screenwriter Lei Jianjun speaks.

　 　 The 3-minute preview of the international version of Common Destiny kicked off the promotion meeting. The trailer makes the audience feel a journey of exploration across all corners of the world, following the footsteps of time from East Africa, the birthplace of human beings, to Europe, from Xinjiang, China to Central Asia, and from the polar regions to South America. Beautiful pictures and real and simple characters left a deep impression on the guests. This notice is similar to the poster of "Silk Road" in Common Destiny. This poster combines China culture with contemporary design, and imagines the Silk Road on land and the Silk Road on the sea in the form of silk and ink. The strong Chinese style shines everywhere in Venice Film Festival, which makes the guests stop to take photos as a souvenir, and at the same time expresses great expectations for this film.

　 　 Mr. Guy Hibert, a famous British screenwriter and winner of four British Academy Awards, is the chief recommender, and he is also one of the screenwriters of this film. Mr. Guy Hibert recalled the original intention of the film in interesting language. He believes that "this film has made us see hope, as if it had brought a ray of light to the unsettled world." Besides being curious about the works, the guests at the scene also felt the tenacity and sincerity of China filmmakers.

　 　 Subsequently, the producer also exposed the highlights of three stories in the film for the first time: a Kenyan girl who loves painting decided to go to Nairobi alone in order to find a painting teacher, regardless of her family’s hair, and finally let her find a teacher and continue her painting dream by taking the Munne Railway jointly built by China and Nairobi. An old Spanish papermaking man went to China to find the birthplace of papermaking in the face of the disappearing handicraft papermaking. After seeing the conflict and inheritance of papermaking in Jingxian County, China, the old man decided to return to Spain and accept young people who wanted to follow him to continue the glory of this handicraft. The truck driver in China took his niece, a young and rebellious young literary woman, back to the ancient Silk Road. At first, they didn’t like each other. On this Silk Road, they experienced various difficulties and dangers, and they were gradually influenced and changed by each other.

playwrightGuy Hibert speaks.

　 　 Many people at the scene were moved by this short clip, and they all said: This is a real and powerful story. Chinese’s way of reading the world is very clever, and his emotional resonance is better than a thousand words. Jacques Noel, a French international film publisher, said: "This is a film that belongs to all mankind. Its story direction and emotional expression make me feel very cordial, regardless of class, region or race. This is a problem that we human beings have to face together today, and how we will go to tomorrow together."　

Breaking barriers, promoting multicultural integration, sharing common feelings and dreams and creating Common Destiny

Martin Campbell speaks.

　 　 A heavyweight guest was also invited to the promotion meeting &mdash; &mdash; World famous director martin campbell. Mr Martin is the most successful director in the "007" series, and his films are popular all over the world. Mr. Martin said, "My films are for people all over the world to enjoy, and they are also shot all over the world. Many of them are about collisions and conflicts. Today, I saw a film that is also appreciated by the world, but it is about cooperation between different civilizations. They are the stories of ordinary people, who began to work hard to realize what they have always dreamed of doing. This film is inspiring and a worldwide theme, which will attract audiences all over the world. "

　 　 As one of the screenwriters of this film, Lei Jianjun, a professor at Tsinghua University School of Journalism and Communication, also interpreted this film from the perspective of scholars. "Today, the development of science and technology and society makes people more closely compared with any time, and at the same time, we are facing more and more serious problems than any time. Therefore, we make such a documentary "Common Destiny", so that everyone can perceive the common feelings and dreams of human beings through the lives of ordinary people. These real people tell us with their real stories that human society with diverse cultures has both common feelings and common destiny, and cooperation is our future. "　

Spanish papermaking old man speaks

　 　 Jiangtao Qu, a representative of the veteran documentary director group who won the Oscar documentary award, the Silk Road Film Festival documentary award and the Emmy award, told the story about the hardships in the creative process: a team of 300 people traveled 300,000 kilometers in two years, and experienced the heat, cold, disease, hunger, language, war and even ethnic differences. However, the entire creative team did not give up and still insisted on finding the most authentic voice in the world. At the promotion meeting, the two protagonists in the film: the Spanish paper-making old man and the rebellious literary young woman on the Silk Road were invited to the scene to share the stories behind the scenes with the guests. Together with the organizers, the Spanish elderly prepared a beautiful scroll made of hand-made paper for each guest present, symbolizing the blending of Chinese and Western cultures. An opera derived from the story of a truck driver pushed the promotion meeting to a climax. This opera has always been a dream of young women in literature and art. On that day, the organizer fulfilled her wish for this persistent and lonely girl and moved the opera to the Venice promotion meeting. The story of the opera and the story of the movie have the same concept: the whale at 52 Hz is lonely, but there is always a person or a voice in the world that will resonate with you, perhaps separated from Wan Li, but they have the same mind and are linked by fate.

　 　 The guests at the scene were deeply moved by the real emotional expressions of the two protagonists, and the China filmmakers moved the audience in Venice in an ingenious way. Foreign media have said that "real power, feelings beyond national boundaries, and endless charm." Liu Jun, the representative of the producer and deputy general manager of Xindingming Film and Television Investment, said: "It is the common wish of me and my partners to tell the story of China to the world and tell the story of the world to China. This time, it is an attempt for us to cooperate with the world-class team. I hope this is a beginning and opens the way for our common future."

　 　 At the end of the promotion meeting, all the guests present collected the brochure of Common Film without exception, because they were all moved by a sentence in the brochure, which is also the slogan of the film: This is your story, my story, yesterday’s story, today’s story, and even more, our story of moving towards tomorrow together.　

Publishers at home and abroad gather together

　 　 The film "Common Destiny" was jointly produced by Silk Road Culture Communication and Xindingming Film and Television Investment, supported by Beijing Film and Television Publishing and Creation Fund, and coordinated by China Council. The creative team consists of senior film and documentary creators from China, the United States, Britain and other countries. The screenwriter Guy Hibbert, a four-time British Academy Award winner, is the screenwriter. Robin Cox and Matt, winners of the 10th Emmy Award for Photography and the main photographers of the BBC documentary "Planet of Man", took the lead in photography. By the film chief planner, producer, Professor Lei Jianjun of Tsinghua University as the planner; Zhu Lin, director of the editing, edited without asking about the West and East. The director team consists of senior documentary directors who have won the Oscar documentary award, the Silk Road Film Festival documentary award and the Emmy award.

　　　The film is expected to be broadcast simultaneously in cinema lines at home and abroad, international mainstream media and national and regional media platforms along the Belt and Road Initiative in the first half of 2019.

Xinhua news agency

The Market Supervision Bureau of Yushui District, Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province carried out special supervision and inspection on the quality and safety of cosmetics. Photo by Liao Haijin/Bright Picture

　　[Talking about health]

　　Love of beauty is nature, and health and safety are the premise. Recently, the basic laws and regulations of China’s cosmetics industry have ushered in major changes in the past 30 years &mdash; &mdash; The Regulations on Cosmetic Supervision and Management was officially issued by the State Council, and the Regulations on Cosmetic Hygiene Supervision, which has been implemented for 30 years, withdrew from the historical stage.

　　In November 1989, China issued the Regulations on Hygienic Supervision of Cosmetics, which came into effect on January 1, 1990. Over the past 30 years, China has developed into the second largest cosmetics market in the world, with more than 5,200 cosmetics manufacturers. However, the rapid development has also brought some problems, such as illegal addition of banned substances, fake and inferior products, and safety of raw materials, which have hidden health concerns under the beautiful appearance. What changes will the new regulations, which will come into effect on January 1, 2021, bring to the cosmetics industry? How to make our beautiful career healthier? The public is full of expectations.

　　As a chemical industrial product that directly acts on human body, cosmetics bring us beauty, and at the same time, health and safety must be guaranteed. Only when you have health can you talk about beauty. However, some unhealthy phenomena in China’s cosmetics industry have brought hidden dangers to the health of beauty lovers &mdash; &mdash;

　　Illegal addition of prohibited substances that may be harmful to health, unauthorized preparation of cosmetics by beauty salons, fake and inferior products counterfeit well-known brand products, false publicity and even claims of medical functions, and emphasis on packaging and publicity rather than technological innovation &hellip; &hellip;

　　We want to be beautiful and healthy and safe. A few days ago, the "Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics", which received much attention, was officially promulgated. This also means that the "Regulations on Hygienic Supervision of Cosmetics", which has been implemented for 30 years, will end its historical mission. The new regulations not only adapt to the new situation, but also solve old problems. Among them, there are many highlights worthy of attention.

　　Highlight 1: Intensify the crackdown on "grey areas", and illegally adding prohibited substances can be fined up to 30 times the value of the goods.

　　In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s cosmetics industry, illegal addition and other illegal phenomena are more prominent. In the first half of this year, National Medical Products Administration issued a number of notices about problematic cosmetics. Most of these notified cosmetics are counterfeit or detected prohibited substances. According to media reports, some inferior cosmetics counterfeit well-known brands, or improve short-term effects by adding banned substances such as hormones, which have become "hidden rules" and "gray areas" of the industry.

　　In 2018, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province investigated and dealt with a case of illegal addition of prohibited ingredients to extra-large cosmetics. Illegal people buy cosmetics raw materials with illegal banned ingredients from multiple channels, or add a large number of banned ingredients such as betamethasone, mercuric chloride, metronidazole and chloramphenicol to facial masks, whitening and acne-removing cosmetics, and sell them to thousands of beauty salons, cosmetics stores and tens of thousands of consumers in more than 20 provinces across the country through semi-finished products, branded products and finished products. Local regulators said that the case profoundly exposed the long-standing "hidden rules" of the cosmetics industry.

　　Compared with the old regulations 30 years ago, the new regulations have intensified the crackdown on various illegal acts and enhanced the deterrent power of the law. Yang Zhanxin, deputy director of the Comprehensive Planning Department of Hebei Provincial Market Supervision Administration, noticed that there are 18 articles on punishment for illegal acts in the new regulations, which is twice as many as the old regulations; The content of the law is also more detailed, covering all kinds of illegal situations.

　　"The new regulations combine the law enforcement practice in the past 30 years and the outstanding problems in the current cosmetics market. Anyone who sets prohibitive provisions and compulsory provisions for producers and operators has set legal responsibilities in the legal responsibility part." Yang Zhanxin pointed out.

　　The new regulations comprehensively use punishment measures such as confiscation, fine, order to stop production and business, revocation of licenses, and market and industry bans to crack down on illegal activities. Take fines as an example. In the past, the base of fines was "illegal income", but now it is adjusted to "value of goods", and the amount of fines has been greatly increased. For example, in the case of illegal activities such as engaging in cosmetics production without permission, from the old regulations, "a fine of 3 to 5 times the illegal income can be imposed" to "a fine of more than 15 times and less than 30 times the value of the goods".

　　Moreover, the provisions on "punishing people" for illegal acts have been added. The legal representative or principal responsible person, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel of a serious illegal unit shall not only be fined, but also be prohibited from engaging in cosmetics production and business activities for life.

　　For example, in cracking down on counterfeiting and illegal addition, the new regulations make a series of new provisions: cosmetics producers and operators are required to establish and implement a record system for incoming goods to ensure the traceability of products; For illegal acts such as illegally adding substances that may endanger human health, a maximum fine of 30 times the value of the goods can be imposed, and even cosmetics production and business activities can be banned for life. The new regulations also provide clear penalties for behaviors such as making cosmetics and changing the use period of cosmetics without authorization by beauty salons and hotels that were not clearly defined in the old regulations.

　　In addition, the new regulations also emphasize that the regulatory authorities can take emergency control measures to order the suspension of production and operation and issue safety warning information for cosmetics that cause human injury or have evidence that may endanger human health.

　　"This gives the so-called &lsquo; Grey zone &rsquo; It sounded the alarm. " Professor Dong Yinmao of Beijing Technology and Business University said in an interview with the media.

　　Highlight 2: "Let good steel be used on the blade" to ensure the safety of cosmetic raw materials more scientifically.

　　According to the new regulations, cosmetics refer to daily chemical industrial products that are applied to human surfaces such as skin, hair, nails and lips by rubbing, spraying or other similar methods for cleaning, protecting, beautifying and modifying. As a chemical industrial product directly acting on human body, safety is the bottom line of cosmetics. In addition to illegally adding prohibited substances, if there are problems with the raw materials of cosmetics themselves, it will also bring hidden dangers to the health and safety of consumers. Safety of raw materials is an important prerequisite for the safety of cosmetics.

　　"Generally speaking, cosmetics are a mixture made of a variety of raw materials according to the formula ratio, and most of this preparation is a physical mixing process, and few chemical reactions are involved. Therefore, the safety and function of raw materials directly affect the safety and performance of finished cosmetics. " Xu Liang, member of National Medical Products Administration Cosmetic Standards Expert Committee, explained.

　　Compared with the old regulations, an important change in the new regulations is to emphasize risk management, that is, to implement different levels of classified management according to the level of security risks. Preservatives, sunscreens, colorants, hair dyes, freckle-removing and whitening agents and other high-risk new raw materials must be registered with the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council before they can be used. Other new raw materials only need to be put on record.

　　Moreover, there is also a "safety assessment period" for new raw materials &mdash; &mdash; Within 3 years after the new raw materials for cosmetics are put into use, the registrant and the record holder of the new raw materials shall report the use and safety of the new raw materials to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council every year. If there are security problems, the registration will be cancelled or the record will be cancelled. No safety problems occurred after the expiration of 3 years, and it was included in the list of used cosmetic raw materials formulated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.

　　The new regulations also stipulate that, according to the development of scientific research, if there is a change in understanding of the safety of cosmetics and cosmetic raw materials, or there is evidence that cosmetics and cosmetic raw materials may be defective, the regulatory authorities may order the registrants and filers of cosmetics or new cosmetic raw materials to carry out safety re-evaluation or directly organize safety re-evaluation. Re-evaluation results show that cosmetics or cosmetic raw materials can not guarantee safety, the registration or filing shall be cancelled, and the regulatory authorities shall include them in the list of raw materials prohibited from being used in cosmetics production and announce them to the public.

　　It is worth noting that the new regulations require the establishment of a cosmetic risk monitoring and evaluation system to monitor and evaluate the risk factors affecting the quality and safety of cosmetics. Song Hualin, a professor at Nankai University Law School, believes that through risk monitoring and evaluation, judging the risks contained in cosmetic raw materials, products, production and operation processes and labels, we can have an overall grasp of the safety situation of cosmetics and understand the main problems existing in the safety and quality of cosmetics.

　　Knowing where there are problems can better carry out targeted supervision. The new regulations point out that risk monitoring provides a scientific basis for formulating risk control measures and standards for cosmetic quality and safety and carrying out cosmetic sampling inspection. Moreover, the national cosmetic safety risk monitoring plan is implemented, and the varieties, projects and regions to be monitored are clearly defined. Song Hualin believes that this can "let good steel be used in the cutting edge" and allocate risk supervision resources more scientifically and reasonably.

　　Highlight 3: Encourage the technical innovation of cosmetics, and give the products with new functions a broad space for development.

　　In fact, classified management is not only conducive to safety supervision, but also conducive to the innovation of cosmetic technology.

　　The domestic cosmetics industry has been criticized for its lack of technological innovation in product efficacy. Without innovation, we can only make a fuss about packaging such as advertising. In Xu Liang’s view, many cosmetics companies don’t work hard on technology, but attract consumers by "arranging stories".

　　Xu Liang analyzed that according to the composition characteristics of cosmetics, the innovation of cosmetics mainly depends on the innovation of raw materials, especially the development and innovation of functional raw materials and raw materials that contribute to the improvement of cosmetic dosage forms. However, in the old regulations, new cosmetic raw materials were registered and managed as a whole, and the evaluation scale was not refined in combination with the characteristics of cosmetic raw materials. Enterprises declared a new raw material, "even if it is only a polymer with no skin penetration ability or edible common vegetable oil, it often needs to supplement the information many times, resulting in the average time for the declaration of new raw materials being several years".

　　"On the one hand, the enthusiasm of enterprises to declare new raw materials is affected. On the other hand, new raw materials that have been proved to have good performance and are widely used in the world cannot be used in Chinese cosmetics, which has also increased the gap between Chinese cosmetics and foreign companies in technology and innovation to some extent." He said that the cosmetics update cycle is fast, which requires enterprises to continuously introduce new products to the market.

　　According to the new regulations, ordinary new raw materials for cosmetics are put on record, which simplifies the use procedure. Dong Yinmao believes that the new regulations have changed the long-standing difficulty in approving new raw materials. The establishment of the new raw material filing mode has opened up a brand-new mode for enterprises to innovate and develop new raw materials, and given a broad space for innovation and development of products with new functions.

　　The new regulations encourage the innovation of cosmetics enterprises not only in the management of new raw materials, but also clearly put forward that the state encourages and supports the research and innovation of cosmetics; Encourage and support the use of modern technology, combined with China’s traditional advantageous projects and characteristic plant resources to research and develop cosmetics.

　　Xu Liang believes that this is good for the healthy development of the whole industry, because "one has no technical strength and only passed &lsquo; Arrange a story &rsquo; Companies that attract consumers will not do it for a long time. " Dong Yinmao also believes that the new regulations "make enterprises committed to the research of cosmetic raw materials, production technology and product innovation see hope".

　　Highlight 4: Cosmetic efficacy claims must have scientific basis and accept social supervision.

　　Innovation is not enough, and propaganda is coming together. It is not uncommon to make false and exaggerated propaganda on the efficacy of cosmetics and mislead consumers. Some cosmetic practitioners even have the idea of drugs, promoting cosmetics as magical products with medical effects.

　　According to media reports, in January this year, on the train from Rizhao, Shandong Province to Jinan, someone sold a cosmetic called "Baicao Cream" as a medicine to passengers. The salesman claimed that the product can relax muscles and promote blood circulation, relieve pain, and also treat skin diseases, mosquito bites and other symptoms, describing this cosmetic as magical.

　　A few years ago, the concept of "cosmeceuticals" was very popular in China. Cosmetics are next to drugs, as if the efficacy of the products is more guaranteed. However, in January 2019, National Medical Products Administration clearly pointed out that it is illegal to claim the concepts of "cosmeceuticals" such as "cosmeceuticals" and "medical skin care products" for products registered or filed in the name of cosmetics.

　　The new regulations issued this time further clarify the false propaganda behaviors such as claiming medical functions. The new regulations clearly point out that cosmetics labels and advertisements must not express or imply that products have medical functions, and must not contain false or misleading contents.

　　Moreover, the new regulations stipulate that the efficacy claims of cosmetics should have sufficient scientific basis, and the literature and research data on which the efficacy claims are based should be published and accepted by the society. In other words, whether cosmetics are effective and why they are effective must rely on science.

　　 (Reporter Chen Haibo)