Beijing, June 12 (Reporter Huang Angjin) The power battery is the core component of new energy vehicles and the main engine for the electrification transformation of the automobile industry. In recent years, China attaches great importance to the development of new energy automobile industry, and the development of power battery industry has achieved positive results.

　　According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in 2022, the loading capacity of power batteries in China reached 294.6 GWh, a year-on-year increase of 90.7%. 1-mdash this year; In April, the power battery industry in China continued to grow at a high speed, with a cumulative loading capacity of 91 GWh, up 41% year-on-year.

　　Release of 2023 Power Battery Industry Development Index;

　　China has obvious development advantages in the global index.

　　Recently, at the 2023 World Power Battery Conference, the Equipment Industry Development Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the 2023 Power Battery Industry Development (Yibin) Index (hereinafter referred to as the Index).

　　"In the global development index, we think that China has obvious advantages", Qu Guochun, director of the Equipment Industry Development Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out that in the global index, Asian countries have obvious advantages, while China ranks in the top in the fields of industrial scale, innovation ability, industrial chain completeness and sustainable development, and the overall index has obvious leading advantages.

　　According to reports, the Index includes three categories: global index, China index and enterprise index, and each index has more than 30 evaluation indicators. The Index released this year has increased the analysis of the whole industrial chain of power batteries, such as battery mineral resources, battery materials and battery recycling, which comprehensively reflects the current situation of power battery industry at home and abroad and sets a vane for industrial development.

　　In China’s development index system, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan and Hubei rank in the top five. Jiangsu is in the lead in the field of battery materials and battery manufacturing; Fujian is outstanding in production capacity and technological innovation ability; Guangdong has advantages in recycling upstream materials and back-end batteries; Sichuan has great potential in the field of battery capacity and green manufacturing; Hubei has performed well in battery recycling.

　　The new energy automobile industry is developing rapidly.

　　Stimulate strong demand in the power battery market

　　At present, the global sales volume and penetration rate of new energy vehicles have entered a stage of rapid improvement. In 2022, the global sales of new energy vehicles reached 10.84 million, a year-on-year increase of 69.4% and a penetration rate of 13.8%; The penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China reached 25.6%, accounting for 63% of the global sales of new energy vehicles.

　　In 2022, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China was 6.887 million, up 93.4% year-on-year, ranking first in the world for eight consecutive years, and China has become the largest new energy vehicle market in the world.

　　"At present, China’s new energy vehicles have entered a new stage of comprehensive market-oriented development, which is becoming a new kinetic energy that cannot be ignored in China’s economic growth and a vital growth pole of the global economy." Wan Gang, chairman of China Association for Science and Technology, said.

　　Yan Jinghui, an expert from china automobile dealers association Expert Committee, said in an interview with a reporter from Yangguang. com that in recent years, the domestic new energy vehicle market has shown geometric growth, first of all, thanks to the consistent support orientation of China’s policies. Policy support gives confidence to the market, thus promoting the investment of manufacturers and capital and the development of the market.

　　"It is also thanks to the support of policies that the scale of China’s new energy vehicle market has gradually expanded and the penetration rate has gradually increased. At present, China’s new energy vehicle market has been supported by the initial policy ‘ Single wheel drive ’ Turn to market and policy ‘ Two-wheel drive ’ 。” Yan Jinghui pointed out that the recent the State Council executive meeting and the notice of the Ministry of Commerce on organizing automobile consumption promotion activities clearly proposed to promote the high-quality development of new energy automobile industry and further release the consumption potential of new energy automobile. "The positive development trend of new energy automobile industry is sustainable and worth looking forward to."

　　The Secretary-General of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association said that in 2023, the new energy vehicle market showed a trend of gradual increase. With the launch of a large number of competitive new products, the price promotion efforts continued to increase, and consumers’ purchasing enthusiasm was gradually released. According to the forecast of China Automobile Industry Association, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China is expected to reach 9 million in 2023.

　　The vigorous development of new energy vehicles drives the rapid growth of power battery industry.

　　According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in 2022, the loading capacity of power batteries in China reached 294.6 GWh, a year-on-year increase of 90.7%, accounting for 56.9% of the total global sales.

　　During this conference, the High-quality Development Report of China Power Battery Industry released by China Automotive Power Battery Industry Innovation Alliance pointed out that driven by new energy vehicles, the demand for power battery terminals is strong, and China power battery industry has formed a global competitive advantage.

　　"One of the three core components of new energy vehicles is the power battery, and endurance is an important symbol of the quality of new energy vehicles. At the same time, we need to pay attention to the storage and release of power batteries in various weather conditions. In the future, the development, upgrading and innovation space of power batteries is worth looking forward to. " Yan Jinghui told reporters.

　　Why the power battery industry in China continues to grow,

　　What other breakthrough directions are there?

　　The the State Council executive meeting held on June 2nd (hereinafter referred to as "the meeting") studied the policies and measures to promote the high-quality development of the new energy automobile industry. The meeting proposed to consolidate and expand the development advantages of new energy vehicles, further optimize the industrial layout, strengthen key core technology research in key areas such as power battery system, new chassis structure and intelligent driving system, make overall plans for the development and utilization of domestic and international resources, improve the recycling system of power batteries, build an industrial ecology with the integrated development of "cars and energy in Lu Yun", and enhance the independent controllability and green development level of the whole industrial chain.

　　At present, the technical level of China’s power battery industry has been effectively improved, forming a development route based on ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

　　According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, in 2022, the specific energy of ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries in China will reach 300 watt-hours and 200 watt-hours per kilogram respectively, and new group technology and sodium ion batteries will be industrialized. A complete industrial chain has been built, and the global shipments of key main materials such as anode and cathode materials, electrolytes and separators have exceeded 70%. Smart factories and zero-carbon factories have become advanced manufacturing benchmarks, and more than 10,165 power battery recycling service outlets have been built, basically achieving recycling nearby, and the industrial ecology has become increasingly perfect.

　　The White Paper on the Development of Lithium Battery Manufacturing Equipment issued by the Equipment Industry Development Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as the White Paper) points out that in recent years, thanks to the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market, the scale of China’s lithium battery manufacturing equipment industry has continued to expand, from 17.5 billion yuan in 2017 to 85.9 billion yuan in 2022, accounting for about 50% of the global market share, with a compound annual growth rate of 37.5%, slightly higher than the global growth rate.

　　According to the White Paper, there are four major trends in the future development of lithium battery manufacturing equipment: the transformation from single-process processing to multi-process integrated processing, the transformation from single-machine delivery to production line integrated solution delivery, the continuous improvement of digitalization and intelligence of equipment, and the rapid development of battery technology to promote the iterative upgrade of manufacturing equipment.

　　In this regard, the White Paper suggests that the industrial chain should be strengthened to tackle key problems and break through a number of key core technologies; Enhance the integrated innovation ability of enterprises and cultivate a number of system solution suppliers for lithium battery industry; Improve the construction of standard system and build a number of standard test and verification platforms; Promote the integration and innovation of the new generation of information technology and equipment, and accelerate the development of digital and intelligent equipment.

Everything is long and people’s livelihood is the foundation.

The people want something, and I want something.

Chengdu release is online.

City message board, echo wall of people’s voice

Key words of people’s livelihood survey and convenience

Four service channels

Solve the problem of the masses’ urgent difficulties and worries with heart and affection.

recent days

A citizen friend left a message to ask questions.

How to apply for employment difficulties?

One-time business start-up subsidy?

Will the scores of the senior high school entrance examination be ranked by segments?

What conditions do active servicemen need to meet when buying a house?

When can the construction of Naner Road and Nansan Road be transformed?

When does the street lamp on Baixin Road light up?

……

These questions you care about

The latest reply is coming.

Q

How do people with employment difficulties apply for one-time business start-up subsidies?

@ 中中中中中中: The subsidy object of one-time entrepreneurship subsidy is for the first time to establish small and micro enterprises or engage in self-employment, and the established enterprises or individual industrial and commercial households have been operating normally for more than one year since the date of industrial and commercial registration, and they have left school for two years. College graduates, people with employment difficulties, and entrepreneurs who have returned to their hometowns. Can you introduce the definition of people with employment difficulties in Chengdu, as well as other information such as application conditions and subsidy amount?

Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security: You want to know the one-time business start-up subsidy for people with employment difficulties, the definition of people with employment difficulties in Chengdu, the application conditions and the amount of subsidy, and now you reply as follows:

First, the criteria for the identification of people with employment difficulties

Among the urban household registration personnel in this Municipality, the rural household registration workers in this Municipality whose remaining land area is lower than the local per capita standard (0.3 mu/person) after the land (forest land) has been requisitioned according to law, and the non-urban household registration personnel who have lived in their permanent residence and participated in the basic old-age insurance or basic medical insurance for more than one year, the following personnel have registered for unemployment:

(1) Older persons: persons who are over 40 years old for women and over 50 years old for men at the time of application for recognition.

(2) Disabled persons: persons who hold the Disabled Persons’ Card and are capable of employment.

(3) Low-income family members: family members of urban and rural residents whose per capita income and family property status meet the urban and rural low-income standards stipulated by the municipal civil affairs department.

(4) Persons who have been unemployed for more than one year in a row: persons who have been unemployed for more than one year at the time of applying for recognition.

(5) Self-employed retired soldiers: retired soldiers who hold the Self-employed Employment Certificate of Retired Soldiers in Chengdu.

Second, the service object

With household registration in Chengdu, one-time start-up allowance will be given to those with employment difficulties who have established small and micro enterprises or engaged in self-employment for the first time, and the established enterprises or individual industrial and commercial households have been operating normally for more than one year since the date of industrial and commercial registration (the poverty-stricken labor force with the establishment of the file card will be relaxed to six months).

Third, the subsidy standard

According to the standard of 10000 yuan/person, entrepreneurs will be given a one-time business start-up subsidy.

Iv. application materials

(1) The original and photocopy of the applicant’s Resident Identity Card;

(two) industrial and commercial registration registration certificate (in line with the relevant provisions of the farmers’ professional cooperatives, family farms, etc. can not be provided);

(3) Employment and Entrepreneurship Certificate (automatically generated by the system). If it cannot be obtained through data verification due to technical reasons, supplementary materials are required.

V. Service levels

Township (street, community) labor employment and social security service station (institute) acceptance, district (city) county trial, review and approval.

Poke here to learn about the one-time entrepreneurship subsidy for returnees. Poke here to learn about the one-time entrepreneurship subsidy for college graduates.

Will the scores of the senior high school entrance examination be ranked by segments?

@ 中中中中中 User: Will jianyang city rank in the senior high school entrance examination this year? My child is a student on the line, so it is not good to volunteer without ranking. I hope to rank as soon as possible.

Jianyang city: After investigation, according to the requirements of Chengdu Education Bureau’s Notice on Printing and Distributing the Implementation Provisions for the Unified Entrance Examination for Senior High School Education Schools in Chengdu in 2023 (Cheng Zhaowei [2023] No.5) and Chengdu Education Examinations Institute’s Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Volunteer Filling of the Senior High School Entrance Examination in Chengdu in 2023 (Cheng Kaoyuan [2023] No.29), candidates can take the exam on June 28th. You reported that all middle schools in jianyang city did not publish the ranking of the senior high school entrance examination. After calling you, I learned that you reflected the ranking of the senior high school entrance examination results in sections. Jianyang city Education Bureau attaches great importance to your reflection, and arranges the Basic Education Section of the Bureau to take the lead and the municipal recruitment center to cooperate to understand the segmentation of senior high school entrance examination results in relevant districts (cities) and counties in Chengdu. Later, it will organize personnel to discuss whether to publish the segmentation of senior high school entrance examination results.

Xiao Bu reminds: In order to answer the doubts of the senior high school entrance examination candidates and their parents about volunteering, strengthen the interpretation of the enrollment policy and the guidance of volunteering, and solve the urgent problems of the candidates’ volunteering, the Municipal Education Bureau implements the combination of "online+offline" and "centralized+branch school" consultation to provide policy interpretation and public welfare consultation for candidates and parents. The Municipal Education Bureau has launched the "push-to-talk service for senior high school entrance examination", and will set up a centralized enrollment consultation point for the first time, and organize ordinary high schools that enroll students in the "5+2" area to provide one-stop consulting services for candidates and parents. For details, click → Volunteer to fill in one-click and one-stop centralized consultation for senior high school entrance examination Q.

What conditions do active servicemen need to meet when buying a house?

@ 中中中中中: Hello, I would like to ask if my social insurance during my service in the military meets the existing qualification for buying a house in Chengdu. The military station is in Henan, thank you!

Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau: Our city attaches great importance to the purchase of houses by servicemen. According to the current policy, servicemen who meet one of the following conditions can buy houses in the relevant restricted areas of our city: 1. Before enlisting, they were registered in the restricted areas of our city, and they can buy houses in the corresponding restricted areas where their original household registration is located. 2. The subordinate troops are stationed in our city, and they can purchase houses in the corresponding restricted purchase areas.

Q

When will South Second Road and South Third Road be rebuilt?

@ 么么么么么么么: When can chenghua district’s Jiannan Second Road and Jiannan Third Road be rebuilt?

Chenghua district: The construction of South Second Road and South Third Road has been included in the road blackening reconstruction plan of Chenghua City Investment Company, and the project has been completed. It is planned to start construction this year.

Q

When does the street lamp on Baixin Road light up?

@ 中中中中中: Baixin Road in Wenjiang District, a section of about 400-500 meters (located between Mingxin Shilinfu and Heyi Wanyutai), belongs to the main road connecting the eastern section of Kexing Road, and the traffic flow is very large, but there are no street lights at night, which is very dangerous for nearby residents and passing vehicles. I hope to solve it as soon as possible.

Wenjiang District: There is no official external power supply on this road, resulting in the street lamp not being lit. In order to solve this problem, the project owner Jiulian Group has started the connection of external power supply and is carrying out the project construction. According to the construction arrangement, it is planned to complete the access work and light up the lights before July 15, 2023.

Original title: "10,000 yuan/person! How to apply for a one-time business start-up subsidy? Latest response → "

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　　CCTV News:The State Council Press Office held a press conference on the development of industry and informatization in the third quarter of 2023 on October 20th. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that since 2023, the development of China’s electronic information manufacturing industry has maintained a certain degree of resilience, and industrial operation has stabilized and rebounded.

　　The data shows that in 2023, 1-mdash; In September, the added value of China’s computer, communications and other electronic equipment manufacturing industries above designated size increased by 1.4% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 1.4 percentage points higher than that in the first half of the year.

　　In terms of product output, 1-mdash; In September, China’s mobile phone output was 1.09 billion units, up 0.8% year-on-year. The output of solar cells was 384 GW, a year-on-year increase of 63.2%. In addition, the export of some electronic information manufacturing products has increased against the trend. Since 2023, the export of TV sets has improved, 1-mdash; In September, the export value increased by 15.1% year-on-year. Lithium-ion batteries and solar cells are still growing, 1-mdash; In September, the export value increased by 48% and 5.1% respectively.

　　According to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China will accelerate the cultivation of new kinetic energy and accelerate the recovery of the consumer market in the electronic information manufacturing industry.

　　In the next step, China will further play the role of investment, focusing on key projects such as integrated circuits, new displays, communication equipment, intelligent hardware and lithium-ion batteries.

Special feature of 1905 film network After the strongest summer file in the history of 2023, it ushered in the lowest-key National Day file in history. The five main films were booked early, but they promoted the premiere ceremony and roadshow with a "low-key posture" during the golden announcement period. It should have been a colorful announcement war but collectively started "subtraction". Now the National Day file has closed. Whether the films are really healthy or hidden, let’s reveal it in depth!

Characteristic announcement and active roadshow

In 2023, the National Day file was a low-key marketing battle, and major films got together to open a road show and extreme screening. In the announcement, they found their own characteristics more.

For example, this film has some blank spots in the feature film due to deletion and other reasons. Watching a movie is like a fill-in-the-blank problem. There is a movie where the audience fills in the blanks after watching the movie, and then they have to find the answer to this question. Then there are some viewers who may have seen the answer before watching the movie and want to find the text of the movie. "Rock-solid" buried some suspense in the film, and then in the road show, to uncover this suspense, there will be a complementarity between the film and the announcement.

Like "Ex 4", in addition to the normal emotional marketing and punchline marketing, there is another feature, that is, it is more social topical and pays attention to a marriage and love problem in contemporary society. It has been ten years since the first film "The Former" was released. In fact, during this decade, China’s concept of marriage and love has changed greatly. Therefore, the arrival of the single society may be a social topic that Previous 4 pays more attention to. Unconsciously, it has formed a topical film, which allows parents to watch movies more, and may have more understanding of their children, including young people’s self-reconciliation when watching movies. This may be the effect of its social topicality.

In terms of roadshows, especially these five head films are also very positive. During the National Day file, the film’s main creators are still running roadshows hard, and they have to run a city almost every day. In addition, these films of the National Day archives, which were integrated into the media by the movie channel, were also broadcast live by the whole media, such as the 11-hour premiere live broadcast of "Former 4", which created 25 million+views on the whole network and brought 40+ hot topics.

The documentary live broadcast of the movie channel recorded that the film creators went to various cities to meet the audience. From day to night, they recorded the real state of the creators in a very vivid way, and at the same time, they brought out many hot topics and some new things that the actors were on the set at that time, so that the audience could learn more about the film.

Late Pre-sale and Silent Tik Tok

The overall publicity rhythm of this National Day file seems to be quite different from that of previous years. In the "golden paving period" recognized by marketing, almost most of the fixed-file films have more or less "lost their voices".

First, this year’s pre-sale and screening are much later than in previous years. The pre-sale opening time of the National Day file is 0: 00 on September 26th, and the pre-sale opening time of the National Day file from 2019 to 2022 is basically in mid-September. This year’s pre-sale rhythm is the latest in the past five years. The delay in the pre-sale time naturally affects the rhythm of the announcement of new films, and because of the short pre-sale time, the pre-sale box office is also difficult to be used as a promotional selling point.

In addition, there is basically no large-scale screening of the films scheduled for the National Day, which weakens the pre-publicity preheating effect of the films. Only "It seems that there is not so much blood boiling" started screening in early September, but it did not form an effective word-of-mouth fermentation, but consumed the audience’s enthusiasm for watching movies in advance. Delayed market feedback and lack of enthusiasm caused by delayed opening and pre-sale have brought some negative effects on the overall box office.

The second is the "dumb fire" promoted by Tik Tok. In recent years, the film marketing in Tik Tok has become a general trend, and Tik Tok has firmly become the first platform for film publicity. However, this National Day file does not seem to be able to undertake the general trend of the summer file. The performance of several head films is less than expected, and the number of fans on the platform does not exceed one million.

Previously, some short acting videos released in advance by some movies attracted the praise of many netizens and became the first wave of the film’s popularity. In the recent short video of "Rock-solid", there are also a lot of similar live footage videos about acting portrayal, but the comment area is mostly negative feedback.

In fact, similar problems didn’t appear until "Rock-solid", but the audience suffered from homogenization, performance and making a mountain out of a molehill in short video marketing for a long time. One or two times may impress the audience to buy tickets, but if every film is the same routine, it will naturally be aesthetically tired.

Film marketing is the icing on the cake of the film. Only by finding the high-quality content of the film or mobilizing the public’s desire to discuss can we really attract the audience to the cinema to watch the feature film. At present, the post-screening stage is still an indispensable part of film promotion, and fighting for the long tail after screening is also a difficult problem that filmmakers need to think about.

　　Dahe Net News (government reporter Liu Gaoya) has set a task book and timetable for controlling white pollution in Henan. On June 3rd, Dahe. com reporter learned from the Development and Reform Commission of Henan Province that the Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the Action Plan for Accelerating White Pollution Control and Promoting Beautiful Henan Construction on June 2nd (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan).

　　According to the Action Plan, before the end of 2020, our province will take the lead in prohibiting and restricting the production, sale and use of some plastic products in the urban built-up areas of four pilot cities, including Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Puyang and Xuchang. Before the end of 2022, the production, sale and use of some plastic products will be prohibited and restricted in the cities under the jurisdiction of provinces, Jiyuan Demonstration Zone and the built-up areas of counties (cities) directly under the jurisdiction of provinces. At the same time, the "Action Plan" encourages large supermarkets, shopping malls and other ways to accelerate the promotion and use of non-plastic products and degradable plastic substitute products such as environmental protection cloth bags and paper bags.

　　"The Action Plan of our province is a detailed measure to implement the national opinions on plastic pollution control, and it is an important measure to fight the battle against pollution and build a beautiful Henan," said He Xiong, Party Secretary and Director of Henan Development and Reform Commission.

　　Objective: Carry out pilot projects in four cities, including Zhengzhou and Luoyang, and gradually promote them.

　　The Action Plan comprehensively considers the actual situation in all parts of the province, selects four representative cities with good basic conditions, such as Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Puyang and Xuchang, to carry out pilot demonstrations, actively explores the control mode of plastic products, and gradually extends it to cities and counties.

　　Taking 2020 and 2022 as the time nodes, the objectives and tasks of four pilot cities, provincial cities and Jiyuan demonstration area, and counties (cities) directly under the jurisdiction of the province were put forward, and the use of disposable plastic products in the province was greatly reduced and plastic pollution was effectively controlled by 2025.

　　According to the plan, before the end of 2020, our province will take the lead in prohibiting and restricting the production, sale and use of some plastic products in urban built-up areas of four pilot cities, including Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Puyang and Xuchang.

　　Before the end of 2022, the production, sale and use of some plastic products will be prohibited and restricted in the cities under the jurisdiction of provinces, Jiyuan Demonstration Zone and the built-up areas of counties (cities) directly under the jurisdiction of provinces; Replacing products with recyclable and degradable plastics have begun to take shape, forming a batch of plastic reduction and green logistics models that can be replicated and popularized, and the proportion of plastic waste resource utilization has been greatly improved.

　　Before the end of 2025, the production, sale and use of some plastic products will be banned and restricted in the built-up areas of cities above the county level in the province, the use of disposable plastic products will be greatly reduced, recyclable and degradable substitute products will be widely used, and plastic pollution will be effectively controlled.

　　Task: Focus on the prohibition of disposable plastic products.

　　The "Action Plan" adheres to the principle of "strengthening source control and implementing control by classification", and stipulates that the production and sale of a number of plastic products are prohibited throughout the province, including disposable plastic products such as ultra-thin plastic bags, ultra-thin polyethylene agricultural mulch films, disposable foamed plastic tableware and disposable plastic cotton swabs. It is forbidden to import "foreign garbage" such as waste plastics or to manufacture plastic products with medical wastes as raw materials to protect people’s health and safety; Gradually prohibit the sale of daily chemical products such as toothpaste and shower gel containing plastic beads to prevent "invisible" white pollution.

　　At the same time, we should make overall consideration of the adaptation process of the transformation and development of related industries and the change of residents’ consumption patterns, and gradually ban or restrict the use of non-degradable plastic bags, disposable plastic products, express plastic packaging and ultra-thin polyethylene agricultural plastic film in the fields of commodity retail, exhibitions, catering, e-commerce express delivery and agricultural plastic film, so as to promote the reduction of plastic products and reduce environmental pollution.

　　Mode: actively promote the application of alternative products and modes.

　　With the implementation of restrictions on plastic products in various places and fields, the demand for recyclable, easy-to-recycle and degradable alternative materials and products will increase rapidly, which has great market potential.

　　The "Action Plan" encourages large supermarkets, shopping malls and other ways to accelerate the promotion and use of non-plastic products such as environmental protection cloth bags and paper bags and degradable plastic substitute products; Promote supermarkets, e-commerce, express delivery and other enterprises to implement integrated packaging of goods and logistics to improve recycling and recovery rate; Guide the transformation, upgrading and development of enterprises in the traditional plastic industry, implement green design and supply plastic products that meet relevant standards.

　　The "Action Plan" proposes to support Puyang, Zhoukou and other places to carry out technology research and development based on the industrial advantages of bio-based degradable materials and related products, extend the industrial chain, provide consumers with green products such as degradable garbage bags, shopping bags, lunch boxes and agricultural plastic films, and ensure the convenience of residents’ daily lives.

　　Measures: standardize the recycling of plastic waste.

　　Standardizing the classified recovery, resource utilization and harmless disposal of plastic waste is an important means to reduce the stock of plastic waste and reduce environmental risks.

　　The "Action Plan" proposes that, in combination with the implementation of garbage sorting, facilities should be added in places where plastic waste is produced in large quantities, such as office buildings, airports, stations, ports and docks, so as to increase the frequency of removal and standardize the recovery and removal of plastic waste; Focus on the urban-rural junction, environmentally sensitive areas, roads and rivers, pits and ditches to carry out special cleaning of plastic waste, and put an end to random stacking and dumping of plastic waste; Accelerate the construction of venous industrial park, encourage enterprises and projects for recycling waste plastics to settle in, and promote the cluster development of plastic waste recycling industry.

　　Publicity: Advocating green and environment-friendly consumption patterns.

　　Plastic products are widely used in all aspects of people’s daily life. While providing great convenience, excessive use is likely to cause white pollution. We must strengthen publicity and guidance, adhere to the priority of saving, and guide consumers to reduce the use of plastic products.

　　According to the requirements of the Action Plan, all relevant departments in various localities will organize publicity activities such as "controlling white pollution and protecting beautiful homes", and carry out various activities such as demonstration and guidance of public institutions, media publicity, voluntary service, prize-winning contests, and the concept of green and low-carbon life entering communities and campuses, vigorously publicize the concept of green environmental protection and the common sense of green life, strengthen the publicity of policies and requirements prohibiting plastics, create a good public opinion atmosphere, guide the whole society to pay attention to and participate in the control of white pollution, and reduce the use of plastics.

　　Security: administrative management and market guidance take multiple measures simultaneously.

　　White pollution control involves a wide range of fields and many subjects, so it is necessary to adhere to the combination of law enforcement supervision and industry self-discipline, and accelerate the construction of a pluralistic co-governance system involving the government, enterprises, industry organizations and the public.

　　The "Action Plan" puts forward a series of measures: in terms of improving the laws and regulations, through the formulation (revision) of relevant local laws and regulations, there are laws to follow; In the construction of credit system, explore the illegal production, sale and use of plastic products into the record of dishonesty and carry out punishment; In the aspect of law enforcement and supervision, we will implement comprehensive law enforcement on ecological environmental protection, strengthen assessment and accountability, and incorporate key issues of white pollution control into provincial ecological environmental protection inspectors; In terms of industry self-discipline, give full play to the role of relevant industry associations and guide plastic products enterprises to accelerate transformation, upgrading and development.

　　He Xiong said, "In the next step, the Provincial Development and Reform Commission will fully implement the work arrangements of the provincial party committee and government, establish a work coordination mechanism with relevant units, strengthen overall coordination, guide all localities to do a good job in white pollution control, complete the objectives and tasks of the Action Plan on time, effectively control white pollution, and improve the level of ecological civilization in urban and rural areas of the province."

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　　CCTV News:Nowadays, we are used to getting information on the Internet. However, 80 PM2.5 particles can block an alveolus; Compared with a "scissors hand", you can reveal fingerprints; Energy-saving lamps are actually super cancer sources … … These distorted information flooding the network makes it difficult to distinguish between true and false. The following is the media inventoryTop ten rumors in 2017,Let’s clarify the facts and restore the truth together!

　　01. Can PM2.5 block alveoli?

　　In January this year, a 150-second video of smog invading the human body was breathtaking. According to the video, people have 300 million alveoli, and 80 PM2.5 particles can block one alveoli. When the PM2.5 in our living environment reaches 1155 μ g/m3, 30 million alveoli can be blocked in one year, and one third of the lungs can be blocked in three years.

　　

　　Truth: lack of evidence, exaggeration

　　Wan Jun, deputy director of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, said that the harm of smog particles to human body is not to mechanically "block" alveoli, but to adhere to the surfaces of alveoli and small airways, thus inducing inflammation, affecting gas exchange or secondary other lesions.

　　Accurate measurement of 80 PM2.5 particles blocking an alveolus,At present, there is no clear medical literature support at home and abroad.

　　The higher the concentration of PM2.5, the greater the harm to human body, but because it involves long-term and large-scale crowd experiments,There is no accurate data on the specific magnitude and the specific harm to the human body.

　　02, saliva can measure the child’s talent?

　　In February of this year, many people’s circle of friends was screened by such a message: a mouthful of saliva can measure the child’s talent, so that parents can develop the child’s talent and potential in a targeted manner.

　　Truth: Genetic testing can’t predict specialties.

　　Although it is feasible to detect genes with saliva, there is no scientific basis for detecting whether children are gifted with saliva.

　　The press officer of the World Health Organization who is in charge of media liaison on "Children’s and Adolescents’ Health" said that so far, it has not been heard that genetic testing can predict whether a child has talents such as music and painting.

　　Ma Yinan, Associate Research Fellow of Peking University Hospital Experimental Center:At present, gene technology and application direction are more focused onThe relationship between diseases and genes. The growth of children is the result of the joint action of genes and environment, and the role of environment is even greater.

　　03. "Scissorhands" took photos and leaked fingerprints?

　　At the end of February this year, the internet was widely circulated, and researchers warned that people like to be more cautious than the "scissorhands" when taking pictures, and fingerprint information may be leaked because of this gesture.

　　Truth: The technology is feasible, but it is difficult to realize.

　　A senior fingerprint expert from the Ministry of Public Security did an experiment. He took two photos of his colleague’s "Scissorhands" with his mobile phone and Canon camera respectively, and retouched the picture with his computer. The results show that it is impossible to obtain fingerprints from such photos, but it is possible if the fingerprint texture of the photos is particularly clear.

　　Network security expert Liu Yang:At present, it is difficult to take a clear picture of finger texture in the shooting distance (more than 1 meter) by using mobile phone photography technology. Network communication will compress the picture, reduce the clarity of the picture, cause the loss of photo details, and the possibility of revealing fingerprint information is low.

　　04. Will spring tea farmers be poisoned by excessive residues?

　　Before and after Qingming this year, an article about tea "Ying Jing" exploded in the circle of friends. The article points out that spring tea contains excessive pesticide residues, and it will be poisoned when drunk. Tea in summer and autumn is even more terrible, and even tea farmers don’t drink it themselves.

　　Truth: No pesticides are used during the production of spring tea.

　　Academician Chen Zongmao of Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences:In many tea areas in China, the temperature is low during the production of spring tea, which is very little affected by pests and diseases, and basically no medicine is used. From mid-to-late June to September, pesticides will be used only when the temperature rises, rainfall is abundant, and tea pests and diseases are concentrated. It is a normal agricultural measure to use pesticides in tea gardens. As long as the tea leaves are picked according to the regulations, the processed tea products are safe.

　　05. Can brain tonic enhance memory?

　　In June this year, during the college entrance examination, the health care products that nourish and strengthen the brain will always sell well. Merchants claim that these health care products can improve attention and enhance memory.

　　Truth: It does not promote brain function.

　　Yi Zhu, Associate Professor, School of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University:The human brain is fully developed at the age of 3, and it is difficult to produce obvious effects of promoting development after using any products. Brain tonic products can provide nutrition at most, keep the brain functioning normally, and can’t promote brain development. If the intake of any nutrient exceeds the maximum intake tolerated by the human body, the possibility of its toxic and side effects will increase.

　　The Food and Drug Administration also issued a document saying that China has never approved any health food with brain-nourishing health care function, claiming that health food with brain-nourishing function misleads consumers.

　　06, enzyme can "beauty" and "detoxification"?

　　This summer, various enzymes appeared in Wechat business’s advertisements in the circle of friends, which claimed to have the effects of "beautifying face", "detoxifying body" and "losing weight".

　　Truth: Enzymes are enzymes, and it is difficult to maintain activity by oral administration.

　　Fan Zhihong, an associate professor at China Agricultural University, said that enzymes are enzymes. Enzymes are protein or RNA with catalytic function (most enzymes belong to protein). When you take enzymes orally, most enzymes will be digested by the human digestive system and lose their activity and can’t function. It is meaningless to say that enzymes can detoxify and clear the stool.

　　07. Can you lose weight by drinking diet coke?

　　In August this year, Coca-Cola Japan Company introduced a cola that claimed to be able to lose weight, and claimed that "indigestible maltodextrin" was added to this cola to inhibit fat absorption and stabilize blood lipids without generating more calories.

　　Truth: 5 grams of dietary fiber can’t pry fat.

　　Zuo Xiaoxia, director of the Nutrition Department of the 309th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, said that in theory, there is still innovation and progress in the composition of diet coke. The average daily intake of dietary fiber for normal adults is suggested to be 25 to 30 grams, and 5 grams of dietary fiber in a bottle of diet coke can only be used as a supplementary dose of daily dietary fiber. The key to losing weight still depends on whether people consume less calories every day.

　　08, eat more fat, low mortality?

　　In September this year, some media reported on "The Lancet PURE Research Impact Diet Guide", and put forward the paper published in The Lancet: Eat more fat, and the mortality rate is low; Take more carbohydrates and increase the risk of death.

　　Truth: Don’t be misled by the limitations of the research itself.

　　Hu Dayi, director of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Capital Medical University, said that these articles were one-sided and absolute, and did not analyze the obvious limitations of the research itself at all, which unrealistically exaggerated the research results.

　　The data sample of this paper comes from 135,000 respondents from 18 countries in the Middle East, South America, Africa and Southeast Asia (including China), and has been followed for 7.4 years. 81% of the respondents only have primary and secondary school education; 82% of the respondents are moderate and heavy manual workers, and few of them are involved in the richest areas in the world.

　　Xu Shiwei, member of the National Food and Nutrition Advisory Committee:To guide the dietary rules specifically, it is the key to find the most suitable one among the rich dietary structures.

　　09. Is fingertip gyro a decompression artifact?

　　In November this year, the fingertip gyro, which is popular all over the world, caught fire in the universe — — It was sent to the hands of the astronauts of the International Space Station and completed the first rotation in space. Merchants claim that it can help people release stress, relieve anxiety and help children with ADHD and autism concentrate.

　　Truth: Treating anxiety only treats the symptoms, not the root cause.

　　Professor Gao Bing, deputy dean of the School of Education of Minzu University of China, said that there is no evidence that fingertip gyroscopes can bring people concentration and stress relief.

　　Fingertip gyro is easy to attract people’s attention to the gyro itself, and it can’t make a person with poor attention become able to concentrate on everything. As for reducing the pressure, it also means that people can temporarily reduce the pressure by shifting their attention during the process of observing the rotation of the gyro, which does not mean that playing with the fingertip gyro can reduce the pressure generated at other times. Gao Bing believes that fingertip gyro can’t make people pay more attention. On the contrary, it will take up cognitive resources and have a bad influence on complex cognitive activities.

　　10. Energy-saving lamps are "super cancer sources"?

　　In December of this year, an article entitled "Emergency Exposure of Scientists! The article "Things that Chinese people use every day actually contain horrible carcinogens" has been widely forwarded. The article points out that ultraviolet radiation of energy-saving lamps can lead to skin cancer, and mercury in energy-saving lamps can cause death, which will release a variety of carcinogens after being electrified.

　　Truth: Qualified products will not endanger health.

　　Zhou Taiming, a consultant to the Expert Working Committee of China Lighting Society and a professor at Fudan University, said that as long as it is a qualified energy-saving lamp, it will control the ultraviolet radiation within a safe range and will not cause harm to the human body. The ultraviolet power of the 15-watt energy-saving lamp is only 0.09 watt, and the long-wave ultraviolet rays in the energy-saving lamp will not penetrate the dermis of the human body.

　　Li Zili, director of the lighting room of Guangdong Institute of Product Quality Supervision and Inspection, pointed out that there are only a few milligrams of mercury in an energy-saving lamp, and it is sealed in the lamp. Even if the lamp is broken, hundreds of lamps will be broken at the same time, and all of them will be inhaled by one person, which may cause harm to people, but in reality, the probability of such a thing is extremely low.

1905 movie network news The Oscar-winning film The Farewell will be released nationwide on November 22nd. The film won the "Audience’s Favorite Film" award as soon as it appeared at Sundance Film Festival at the beginning of this year. This "2019 North American Dark Horse of the Year" has been officially opened for pre-sale on major ticketing platforms and will be shown nationwide this week (November 16 and November 17).

Today (November 13th), the film released a set of stills with the theme of "National Grandma". In the film, Teacher Zhao Shuzhen plays the role of grandma as the bond of the extended family. She is not only kind, loving life, but also very cute and funny. She is full of pouting and singing games, and the image of a lovely and amiable "National Grandma" is ready to come. This role is not only popular in Europe and America, but also shouted "This is my grandmother" by domestic audiences.

Zhao Shuzhen portrays the classic national grandmother. Audience: "This is my grandmother."

The movie The Farewell tells the story of a Chinese family who rounded up a lie with a wedding banquet in order to accompany her grandmother with cancer. Zhao Shuzhen, who plays grandma in the movie, is not only a grandmother in her life, but also creates many grandma images on the screen, such as Mrs. Wang in Do You Know? The grandmother she created in the film The Farewell is not only kind and kind, but also very cute and funny: whether playing games with her family at the dinner table or acting like a spoiled brat in front of Billie, the image of a lovely and amiable "national grandmother" is coming to the fore.

Many viewers who saw the film at the Shanghai Film Festival said: Grandma not only has the traditional simple and kind side of the old lady China, but also has the lovely and childlike side inadvertently revealed. After watching it, I remembered that my grandmother used to make me laugh when I was a child, and I wanted to say "This is my grandmother" in a trance. I believe that after the film is released, the screen image of this classic "national grandmother" will be more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

The film The Farewell has caused quite a stir among domestic movie fans since it was announced on November 22nd, and many viewers listed it as one of the annual must-see films.

National grandma is hot. European and American directors: authenticity is the source of audience love

The Farewell is the second feature film of Chinese director Wang Ziyi, which makes her one of the most noteworthy directors of Variety magazine in 2019. At the beginning of this year, once the film was unveiled at Sundance Film Festival, it won the "Audience’s Favorite Film" award and was nominated for the Best Drama in Sundance Jury Award, which was known as "2019 North America’s Dark Horse of the Year".

Not long ago, he was nominated for the Gotham Independent Film Award for Best Film, Best Screenplay and Best Actress. In the film, the role of grandma played by teacher Zhao Shuzhen was well received in Europe and America. Many foreign audiences said: This grandma is so cute that I really want to have a grandmother with Billie.

The recognition of the role of grandma by audiences at home and abroad is inseparable from the shaping of the role by actors and the setting of the role by directors. When talking about actor selection and role-building, director Wang Ziyi said: "When I saw Teacher Zhao, I knew at once that she was that person. At the end of the shoot, she was a little reluctant to leave the role.

I think the audience likes this role because she is real. This is the same as my original intention of looking for authenticity. I try to select people who are very relevant to the roles they play. After discovering this, I really don’t need to do a lot of things. Ms Zhao Shuzhen, who plays grandma, is grandma herself. Awkwafina has a grandmother, China, who is really close. So, put them in a scene, and then obviously there will be’ this is my grandmother’ and’ this is my granddaughter’. "

The film The Farewell is directed by Wang Ziyi, starring Awkwafina, Zhao Shuzhen, Mattei and Lin Xiaojie, and will be released nationwide on November 22nd.

　　Bulletin of Chongqing Health and Health Commission, November 27th 0— At 2400 hours, There are 238 newly confirmed cases in Chongqing (73 in Nan ‘an District, 24 in Yubei District, 18 in Wanzhou District, 12 in Banan District, 12 in Xiushan County, 11 in Jiulongpo District, 10 in Yuzhong District, 8 in Liangping District, 7 in fengjie county, 6 in Beibei District, 6 in Bishan District, 6 in Yunyang County, 5 in Kaizhou District, 4 in Shapingba District and 4 in jiangjin district). 2 cases in Hechuan District, 2 cases in Yongchuan District, 2 cases in Nanchuan District, 2 cases in Tongnan District, 2 cases in Wulong District, 2 cases in Dianjiang County, 2 cases in Youyang County, 1 case in Changshou District, 1 case in Qijiang District, and 1 case in Pengshui County), among which 73 cases were previously asymptomatic infected and turned into confirmed cases, 156 cases were found in isolation control personnel and 6 cases were found in nucleic acid detection of key personnel.

　　There were 9447 new asymptomatic local infections (1903 cases in Yubei District, 1859 cases in Yuzhong District, 1421 cases in Jiangbei District, 1397 cases in Jiulongpo District, 965 cases in Nan ‘an District, 527 cases in Beibei District, 447 cases in Shapingba District, 251 cases in Liangping District, 92 cases in Banan District, 67 cases in Wuxi County, 63 cases in Dianjiang County, 58 cases in Xiushan County, etc. 29 cases in Yunyang County, 25 cases in Wanzhou District, 23 cases in Kaizhou District, 23 cases in Pengshui County, 20 cases in Hechuan District, 14 cases in jiangjin district, 13 cases in Tongliang District, 11 cases in Rongchang District, 8 cases in Wansheng Economic Development Zone, 7 cases in Dazu District, 7 cases in Youyang County, 5 cases in Tongnan District, 5 cases in Chengkou County, 4 cases in Yongchuan District, 4 cases in fengjie county, 3 cases in Changshou District, and 4 cases in. 9070 cases were found in isolated control personnel, 231 cases were found in nucleic acid detection of key personnel, 123 cases were found in regional nucleic acid detection, and 23 cases were found in expanded nucleic acid detection.

　　213 local confirmed cases were cured (53 in Yubei District, 24 in Shapingba District, 14 in Banan District, 14 in Dianjiang County, 12 in Jiulongpo District, 11 in Jiangbei District, 8 in Kaizhou District, 8 in Wuxi County, 7 in Hechuan District, 6 in Beibei District, 6 in Liangping District, 5 in Yuzhong District, 5 in dadukou district, 5 in Nan ‘an District and 4 in Wanzhou District). 2 cases in Wulong District, 2 cases in fengjie county, 2 cases in Wushan County, 2 cases in Youyang County, 2 cases in Pengshui County, 1 case in Changshou District, 1 case in jiangjin district, 1 case in Yongchuan District, 1 case in Nanchuan District, 1 case in Bishan District and 1 case in Rongchang District), 1607 cases of asymptomatic local infected persons were released from medical observation (249 cases in Yuzhong District, 232 cases in Yubei District, 149 cases in Shapingba District, 138 cases in Jiulongpo District, 136 cases in Nan ‘an District, 121 cases in Wuxi County, 100 cases in Xiushan County, 82 cases in Jiangbei District, 72 cases in Banan District, 54 cases in Liangping District, 49 cases in Wanzhou District, 49 cases in Dianjiang County and 49 cases in dadukou district). Jiangjin district 10 cases, Dazu 9 cases, Tongliang 9 cases, Kaizhou 9 cases, Fuling 6 cases, Wushan 4 cases, Changshou 3 cases, Rongchang 3 cases, Youyang 3 cases, Qianjiang 2 cases, Yongchuan 2 cases, Nanchuan 2 cases, Qijiang 2 cases, Wansheng Economic Development Zone 2 cases, fengjie county 1 case, Pengshui 1 case). By 24: 00 on November 27th, there were 2,368 confirmed cases in Chongqing.There are 75101 cases of asymptomatic infection in China.

　　November 27th 0— At 24: 00, there were no confirmed cases imported from abroad in Chongqing, and 2 asymptomatic infected people were imported from abroad (1 in Laos and 1 in South Korea). One case (Spain) was cured and discharged from hospital, and one case (United Arab Emirates) was released from medical observation of asymptomatic infected people. As of 24: 00 on November 27th, there were 21 confirmed cases imported from abroad and 9 asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad in Chongqing.

　　The basic situation of newly confirmed local cases and asymptomatic local infected people in Chongqing on November 27th is as follows:

　　I. Yubei District

　　Confirmed cases 1-3 in Yubei District were isolated and controlled personnel in Yubei District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 4-23 in Yubei District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Yubei District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　There are 24 confirmed cases in Yubei District, which are asymptomatic infections previously determined in Yubei District. On November 27th, they were diagnosed as serious cases in COVID-19.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-1899 in Yubei District, who was isolated and controlled by Yubei District, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　The asymptomatic infected person in Yubei District from 1900 to 1902 was a key person in Yubei District, and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1903 in Yubei District was found in regional nucleic acid detection, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Second, Yuzhong District

　　Case 1 confirmed in Yuzhong District was a quarantine officer in Yuzhong District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Case 2 confirmed in Yuzhong District, a key person in Yuzhong District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 3-7 in Yuzhong District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Yuzhong District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 8-10 in Yuzhong District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Yuzhong District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　1-1610, an asymptomatic infected person in Yuzhong District, was isolated and controlled by Yuzhong District, and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　The asymptomatic infected person in Yuzhong District, 1611-1751, is a key person in Yuzhong District, and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　The asymptomatic infected person in Yuzhong District, 1752-1859, was found in the regional nucleic acid detection, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Third, Jiangbei District

　　Confirmed case 1-2 in Jiangbei District, belonging to the isolation and control personnel in Jiangbei District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 3 in Jiangbei District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Jiangbei District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　1-1368, an asymptomatic infected person in Jiangbei District, was isolated and controlled in Jiangbei District, and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons in Jiangbei District, 1369-1414, are key personnel in Jiangbei District, and were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons in Jiangbei District, 1415-1421, were found in regional nucleic acid detection, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Fourth, Jiulongpo District

　　Confirmed cases 1-3 in Jiulongpo District were isolated and controlled personnel in Jiulongpo District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Confirmed case 4 in Jiulongpo District, belonging to the isolation and control personnel in Jiulongpo District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 5-6 in Jiulongpo District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Jiulongpo District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 7-10 in Jiulongpo District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Jiulongpo District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　11 confirmed cases in Jiulongpo District were asymptomatic infected persons previously determined in Jiulongpo District, and were diagnosed as serious cases in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　1-1394, an asymptomatic infected person in Jiulongpo District, was isolated and controlled in Jiulongpo District, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　1395 asymptomatic infected people in Jiulongpo District, a key personnel in Jiulongpo District, were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected people on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons in Jiulongpo District, 1396-1397, were found in regional nucleic acid detection, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　V. Nan ‘an District

　　Confirmed cases 1-73 in Nan ‘an District were isolated and managed by Nan ‘an District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　No.1-938, an asymptomatic infected person in Nan ‘an District, was isolated and controlled by Nan ‘an District, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　939-960, an asymptomatic infected person in Nan ‘an District, is a key person in Nan ‘an District, and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 961-965 in Nan ‘an District was found in regional nucleic acid detection, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Sixth, Beibei District

　　Confirmed cases 1-5 in Beibei District were isolated and controlled personnel in Beibei District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 6 in Beibei District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Beibei District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　1-527, an asymptomatic infected person in Beibei District, was isolated and controlled by Beibei District, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　VII. Shapingba District

　　Confirmed cases 1-3 in Shapingba District were isolated and controlled personnel in Shapingba District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Confirmed case 4 in Shapingba District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Shapingba District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　No.1-447, an asymptomatic infected person in Shapingba District, was isolated and controlled by Shapingba District, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Eight, Liangping District

　　Confirmed cases 1-8 in Liangping District were isolated and controlled personnel in Liangping District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　No.1-239, an asymptomatic infected person in Liangping District, was isolated and controlled by Liangping District, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　No.240-248 asymptomatic infected persons in Liangping District are key personnel in Liangping District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　The asymptomatic infected person 249-251 in Liangping District was found in the expanded nucleic acid detection, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Nine, Banan District

　　Confirmed cases 1-11 in Banan District were isolated and managed by people in Banan District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　The 12 confirmed cases in Banan District were asymptomatic infections previously determined in Banan District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (mild cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-92 in Banan District, the isolation and control personnel in Banan District, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　X. Xiushan County

　　Xiushan County confirmed case 1, a person found in expanded nucleic acid detection, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Xiushan county confirmed cases 2-12, which were asymptomatic infections previously determined in Xiushan county, were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　No.1-54 asymptomatic infected person in Xiushan County, who is the isolation and control personnel in Xiushan County, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　55-58 asymptomatic infected people in Xiushan County were found in the expanded nucleic acid detection, and were judged as asymptomatic infected people on November 27th.

　　XI. Wuxi County

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-67 in Wuxi County, who is the isolation and control personnel in Wuxi County, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Twelve, Dianjiang County

　　The confirmed case 1-2 in Dianjiang County is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Dianjiang County, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　1-61, an asymptomatic infected person in Dianjiang County, was isolated and controlled by Dianjiang County, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　The asymptomatic infected person 62-63 in Dianjiang County was found in the expanded nucleic acid detection, and was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　XIII. Bishan District

　　Cases 1-3 confirmed in Bishan District were isolated and managed by Bishan District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Confirmed case 4 in Bishan District, a key person in Bishan District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The 5 confirmed cases in Bishan District were found in expanded nucleic acid detection, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Case 6 confirmed in Bishan District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Bishan District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-31 in Bishan District, who is the isolation and control personnel in Bishan District, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　There are 32 asymptomatic infected people in Bishan District, who are key personnel in Bishan District. They were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected people on November 27th.

　　33-38 asymptomatic infected persons in Bishan District were found in the expanded nucleic acid detection, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　XIV. Wanzhou District

　　Cases 1-7 confirmed in Wanzhou District were isolated and managed by Wanzhou District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 8-12 in Wanzhou District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Wanzhou District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 13-18 in Wanzhou District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Wanzhou District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　No.1-25 asymptomatic infected persons in Wanzhou District, who are isolation and control personnel in Wanzhou District, were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　15. Fuling District

　　No.1-38 asymptomatic infected person in Fuling District, who is the isolation and control personnel in Fuling District, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Sixteen, Qianjiang District

　　No.1-37 asymptomatic infected persons in Qianjiang District, who were isolated and controlled by Qianjiang District, were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　17. dadukou district

　　Dadukou district confirmed case 1-2, a quarantine officer in dadukou district, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Dadukou district asymptomatic infected person 1-34, a quarantine officer in dadukou district, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Eighteen, Zhongxian County

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-36 in Zhongxian County, who was isolated and controlled by Zhongxian County, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　XIX. Yunyang County

　　Confirmed cases 1-5 in Yunyang County were asymptomatic infected persons previously determined in Yunyang County, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 6 in Yunyang County is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Yunyang County, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-29 in Yunyang County, who is the isolation and control personnel in Yunyang County, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Twenty, Kaizhou District

　　Confirmed cases 1-3 in Kaizhou District were isolated and controlled personnel in Kaizhou District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 4 in Kaizhou District was found in the expanded nucleic acid detection, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 5 in Kaizhou District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Kaizhou District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (common type) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-15 in Kaizhou District were isolated and controlled in Kaizhou District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　There are 16 asymptomatic infected people in Kaizhou District, which are key personnel in Kaizhou District. They were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected people on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 17-23 in Kaizhou District, who was found in expanded nucleic acid detection, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Twenty-one, Pengshui County

　　Confirmed case 1 in Pengshui County, a quarantine officer in Pengshui County, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-23 in Pengshui County, who is the isolation and control personnel in Pengshui County, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　22. Hechuan District

　　Confirmed cases 1-2 in Hechuan District were isolated and controlled personnel in Hechuan District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　1-20 asymptomatic infected persons in Hechuan District, who are isolated and controlled personnel in Hechuan District, were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　23. jiangjin district

　　Jiangjin district confirmed cases 1-4, who were isolated and controlled by jiangjin district, were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Jiangjin district asymptomatic infected persons 1-14, who are isolated and controlled by jiangjin district, were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　24. Rongchang District

　　Cases 1-3 confirmed in Rongchang District were isolated and managed by Rongchang District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-11 in Rongchang District, the isolation and control personnel in Rongchang District, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　25. Tongliang District

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-13 in Tongliang District were isolated and controlled personnel in Tongliang District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　XXVI. fengjie county

　　Fengjie county confirmed cases 1-7, who were isolated and controlled by fengjie county, were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-3 in fengjie county, a quarantine officer in fengjie county, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Fengjie county asymptomatic infected person 4, who was found in expanded nucleic acid detection, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　27. Wansheng Economic Development Zone

　　Cases 1-3 confirmed in Wansheng Economic Development Zone were isolated and managed by Wansheng Economic Development Zone, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-8 in Wansheng Economic Development Zone were isolated and controlled by Wansheng Economic Development Zone, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　28. Chengkou County

　　Confirmed cases 1-4 in Chengkou County were isolated and managed by Chengkou County, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-5 in Chengkou County were isolated and controlled by Chengkou County, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Twenty-nine, Youyang County

　　Confirmed case 1 in Youyang County, a quarantine officer in Youyang County, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Confirmed case 2 in Youyang County, a key personnel in Youyang County, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-7 in Youyang County were isolated and controlled by Youyang County, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Thirty, Dazu District

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-5 in Dazu district were isolated and controlled personnel in Dazu district, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　6-7 asymptomatic infected persons in Dazu district are key personnel in Dazu district, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Thirty-one, Tongnan District

　　Confirmed case 1 in Tongnan District, a quarantine officer in Tongnan District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　The confirmed case 2 in Tongnan District is an asymptomatic infected person previously determined in Tongnan District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (severe case) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-5 in Tongnan District are isolated and controlled personnel in Tongnan District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Thirty-two, Yongchuan District

　　Cases 1-2 confirmed in Yongchuan District are key personnel in Yongchuan District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-3 in Yongchuan District were isolated and controlled personnel in Yongchuan District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　No.4 asymptomatic infected person in Yongchuan District, a key person in Yongchuan District, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　33. Nanchuan District

　　Confirmed cases 1-2 in Nanchuan District were isolated and managed by Nanchuan District, and were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-3 in Nanchuan District, who is the isolation and control personnel in Nanchuan District, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Thirty-four, longevity area

　　Case 1 confirmed in Changshou District, a quarantine officer in Changshou District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-3 in Changshou District are key personnel in Changshou District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Thirty-five, Qijiang District

　　Confirmed case 1 in Qijiang District, a quarantine officer in Qijiang District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-3 in Qijiang District were isolated and controlled in Qijiang District, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　Thirty-six, Wulong District

　　The confirmed case 1 in Wulong District was a quarantine officer in Wulong District, and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Case 2 confirmed in Wulong District, a key person in Wulong District, was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 on November 27th.

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1-2 in Wulong District, who is the isolation and control personnel in Wulong District, was judged as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　37. Wushan County

　　Asymptomatic infected persons 1-3 in Wushan County are isolated and controlled personnel in Wushan County, and were judged as asymptomatic infected persons on November 27th.

　　38. Fengdu County

　　Asymptomatic infected person 1 in Fengdu County, a key person in Fengdu County, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

　　Thirty-nine, Shizhu County

　　No.1 asymptomatic infected person in Shizhu County, who is the isolation and control personnel in Shizhu County, was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person on November 27th.

County, District People’s governments, municipal commissions and bureaus, and municipal directly affiliated units:

"Lianyungang coastal waters pollutant reduction and water quality improvement three-year action plan" has been approved by the municipal government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 Lianyungang Municipal People’s Government Office

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　March 24, 2021

(This piece is publicly released)

Pollutant reduction in Lianyungang coastal watersAnd water quality improvement.

In order to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization and the protection of marine ecological environment in our city, control the pollution discharge in coastal waters, and continuously improve the water quality and marine ecological environment in coastal waters, this plan is formulated according to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Marine Environment, the Regulations on the Protection of Marine Environment in Jiangsu Province and other laws and regulations, in accordance with the requirements of the Three-year Action Plan for Pollutant Reduction and Water Quality Improvement in Coastal Waters in Jiangsu Province, and in combination with the actual work in our city.

I. General requirements

(1) Guiding ideology. Adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, conscientiously implement the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on Jiangsu’s work, implement the new development concept, focus on improving the quality of marine environment, and aim at building a "beautiful bay", strictly control the total amount of land-based pollutants discharged into the sea, promote the comprehensive management of the ecological environment in coastal waters and the construction of pollution prevention and control projects, and ensure that the quality of marine ecological environment in our city is stable and good.

(2) Basic principles

-Goal-oriented and quantitative reduction. By means of "increasing the pollutant discharge of new (renovated or expanded) construction projects", combining stock reduction with incremental control, and combining land pollution reduction with sea pollution reduction, we will guide coastal areas to implement pollution control and ecological restoration projects in coastal waters and promote the stable improvement of environmental quality in coastal waters.

-scientific planning and overall planning of land and sea. Comprehensive consideration should be given to the prevention and control of pollution in coastal waters and rivers entering the sea, and the land pollution reduction work should be fully connected to realize the integrated management of land and sea.

-act according to local conditions and treat both the symptoms and root causes. Taking solving the current outstanding environmental problems as the starting point, taking into account the long-term marine ecological safety and health, we will take effective measures to combine pollution control with ecological restoration, policy support with institutional innovation, and form a big pattern of joint management.

(3) Scope of application and main objectives. Scope of application: Guanyun County, guannan county, Ganyu District, Lianyun District and Xuwei New District. Main objectives: establish a "list-type" pollutant reduction mechanism, adopt measures such as comprehensive management of coastal waters and construction of pollution prevention projects according to local conditions, and continuously reduce the total amount of pollutants entering the sea. From 2021 to 2023, the total amount of chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in Guanyun County will be reduced by 639 tons/year, 187 tons/year and 21 tons/year respectively. The total chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in guannan county were reduced by 541 tons/year, 159 tons/year and 15 tons/year, respectively, while those in Ganyu District were reduced by 665 tons/year, 195 tons/year and 19 tons/year, while those in Lianyun District were reduced by 44 tons/year and 44 tons/year respectively.

Second, promote green development and optimize the layout of coastal industries

(four) strict pollution discharge requirements for coastal industrial transfer projects. Coastal transfer industries should strictly implement the emission standards of their industries, and relevant counties (functional sectors) should actively support the upgrading of environmental protection facilities of industrial transfer projects. Encourage new coastal transfer projects to implement measures such as ecological purification of tail water to reduce the impact of pollutant discharge on the marine environment. (The Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment takes the lead, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Bureau of Natural Resources, the Housing and Construction Bureau and the Water Conservancy Bureau, and the people’s governments of Guanyun County, guannan county, Ganyu District and Lianyun District, and the Xuwei New District Management Committee is responsible for the implementation. The following must be implemented by the people’s governments of coastal counties (districts) and the Xuwei New District Management Committee, and will not be listed)

(5) Improve the environmental access threshold for sea-related projects. Strictly implement the relevant provisions of industrial restructuring, formulate and implement the annual elimination plan for backward production capacity, and intensify the elimination of backward production capacity in key industries such as steel. (Led by the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, coordinated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Bureau of Ecological Environment)

Strictly implement the pollutant discharge permit system and implement the strictest water resources management system. The environmental impact assessment of new (modified, expanded) direct sea discharge projects follows the principle of "one increase and one decrease" to realize the equivalent replacement or reduction replacement of pollutants in the industry. (Led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology)

It is forbidden to build new chemical pulp and paper making, chemical industry, printing and dyeing, tanning, electroplating, brewing, oil refining, beach breaking and other industrial production projects that seriously pollute the marine environment in coastal land areas. Actively promote the construction of reclaimed water reuse projects in industrial enterprises. (Led by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Bureau of Ecology and Environment, and coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology)

Third, adhere to precise management and strengthen the prevention and control of water pollution in coastal areas

(6) Strengthening the prevention and control of industrial pollution in coastal areas. Accelerate the construction of sewage treatment plants in coastal industrial parks, and encourage the implementation of separation of clean water, rain and sewage for enterprises in industrial parks. Strict enterprise wastewater access standards to achieve classified monitoring and quality treatment of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. Promote the construction of "smart water", accelerate the integrated construction and operation of sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks, and improve the management level of factories and networks. Strictly implement the requirements of documents such as Jiangsu Chemical Industry Safety and Environmental Protection Improvement Plan (Su Ban [2019] No.96) and Jiangsu Chemical Industry Park (Concentrated Area) Environmental Treatment Project Implementation Opinions (Su Zhengban Fa [2019] No.15), and all chemical wastewater should be "separated from sewage and rain", adopting "one enterprise, one pipe, and clear management (one pipe) The park should support the construction of professional sewage treatment plants, and strictly control the access of non-chemical sewage outside the park. In principle, sewage treatment plants need to set up advanced oxidation and other enhanced treatment processes to improve the removal efficiency of refractory toxic and harmful pollutants. Before the end of 2021, on-line monitoring system and automatic discharge valve must be installed at the discharge outlets of rainwater and clean water in chemical enterprises, and rainwater and clean water can be discharged only after monitoring reaches the standard. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, and the Housing and Construction Bureau)

(seven) to speed up the prevention and control of domestic pollution in coastal areas. Improve the urban and rural sewage collection pipe network in coastal areas. Promote the investigation of the coverage of pipe network construction in coastal counties (functional plates). For areas where the urban sewage pipe network coverage is not in place or blank, before the end of 2021, it is necessary to formulate a drainage pipe network construction plan and organize its implementation to eliminate the phenomenon of direct sewage discharge. Standardize drainage behavior, promote the transformation of urban rain and sewage diversion, improve the coverage of urban rain and sewage diversion pipe network, and improve the collection and disposal capacity of urban and rural domestic sewage. (led by the Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau, coordinated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Water Conservancy Bureau and the Ecological Environment Bureau)

Vigorously promote urban sewage treatment in coastal areas to improve quality and efficiency. Coordinate the construction of regional sewage treatment capacity, and build decentralized sewage treatment facilities in areas where the pipe network is difficult to reach the designated position in a short period of time, so as to realize the matching between the total sewage treatment capacity and the regional sewage output as soon as possible. For sewage treatment plants with low influent concentration, a system investigation and remediation plan of "one plant, one policy" shall be formulated. Promote the recycling of urban sewage, speed up the construction of reclaimed water utilization facilities and recycling pipelines, and purify domestic sewage by reclaimed water process, and then reuse it for industrial production, municipal miscellaneous use and landscape environment after reaching the available water quality standards. According to local conditions, the purification and restoration of natural wetlands or constructed wetlands in the tail water of urban sewage centralized treatment plants will be implemented to further reduce the impact of pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus on water bodies. (led by the Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau, coordinated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Ecological Environment Bureau)

Improve rural pollution control capacity. Accelerate the construction of rural sewage treatment facilities, implement decentralized sewage treatment facilities, improve the collection and treatment rate of rural domestic sewage, and achieve full coverage of sewage treatment facilities in administrative villages before the end of 2023. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Housing and Construction Bureau)

Strengthen the infrastructure construction related to the rural domestic waste collection system, and realize the orderly collection and disposal of rural domestic waste. (led by the Municipal Urban Management Bureau, coordinated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Housing and Construction Bureau and the Ecological Environment Bureau)

(8) Strengthening the control of agricultural pollution in coastal areas. Comprehensively promote agricultural cleaner production. Implement control measures such as blocking the process of farmland non-point source pollution. Establish a contiguous green agricultural pollution control zone, continue to promote the zero growth of pesticide and fertilizer use, implement soil testing and formula fertilization, promote the reduction of pesticide use, achieve a reduction of more than 3% by the end of 2023, and promote precision application and reduction control technology. In key water source protection areas, national and provincial examination sections, major rivers entering the sea, environmentally sensitive basins and large and medium-sized irrigation areas, interception, purification and reuse facilities should be configured to purify farmland drainage and surface runoff. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, coordinated by the Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau and the Bureau of Ecological Environment)

Scientifically optimize the layout of mariculture in coastal waters and strictly control the scale of regional aquaculture. Promote the implementation of mudflat planning in aquaculture waters. Before the end of 2021, formulate municipal-level aquaculture planning and scientifically delimit "no-breeding areas, limited-breeding areas and aquaculture areas". Strengthen the management of aquaculture production, standardize and orderly exit aquaculture in "no-breeding areas". Strictly implement the discharge standard of pond culture tail water, and popularize the discharge technology of seawater pond culture tail water that meets the standard. Strengthen the construction of coastal fishery infrastructure. Before the end of 2021, the main aquaculture producing counties (functional plates) will complete the preparation of ecological pond transformation plan, and before the end of 2023, the ecological pond transformation will be completed by more than 50,000 mu. Strengthen healthy aquaculture, scientifically regulate aquaculture density, promote excellent varieties, ecological healthy aquaculture technologies and models, and improve the level of green development of fisheries. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources, the Water Conservancy Bureau and the Bureau of Ecological Environment)

Effectively strengthen the pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding. In accordance with the principle of "whoever delimits shall manage", the management of livestock and poultry breeding areas shall be strictly enforced, and the pollution treatment level of livestock and poultry farms shall be improved. New construction, renovation and expansion of large-scale livestock and poultry farms (communities) should implement rain and sewage diversion and waste water resource utilization. Encourage coastal areas to build centralized collection and disposal centers for livestock and poultry breeding pollutants in densely populated areas. In accordance with the principle of matching planting and breeding, we will encourage and guide farms to support waste disposal land, promote ecological and healthy breeding, and cultivate a number of production bases that combine planting and breeding and develop in an ecological cycle. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and the Bureau of Ecological Environment)

(nine) to promote the prevention and control of pollution in ships, ports and docks. Strengthen the prevention and control of pollutants from ships, and no ship or related operations may illegally discharge pollutants, wastes, ballast water, ship garbage and other toxic substances into the sea. We will promote the use of green shore power when ships dock, strictly implement the relevant requirements of emission control zones and global sulfur restrictions, and reduce pollutant emissions. Strengthen the capacity building of ship sewage collection and treatment, establish a sound wastewater collection and treatment system, and newly built ships should be equipped with recognized domestic sewage treatment devices or sewage collection cabinets that meet the requirements. (Led by the Municipal Transportation Bureau and Lianyungang Maritime Safety Administration, and coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment)

Establish and improve the pollutant receiving and treatment system for ports and docks of navigable rivers in coastal waters and coastal areas. Ports, docks and ship repair plants should be equipped with pollutant receiving facilities that are suitable for their types of loading and unloading goods, throughput capacity or ship building capacity, improve the regional sewage pipe network and garbage transfer service system, and improve the receiving and disposal capacity of oily wastewater and chemical tank washing water. (Led by the Municipal Transportation Bureau and Lianyungang Maritime Safety Administration, and coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment)

(ten) to promote the pilot construction of the "green island" project in coastal areas. Accelerate the pilot construction of industrial green islands, agricultural green islands and service green islands in relevant counties and districts, and improve the storage rate of green island projects. Through government participation and diversified investment, supporting the construction of environmental protection public infrastructure with coastal characteristics that can be shared by multiple market players will realize the unified collection, centralized treatment and stable discharge of pollutants by small and medium-sized industrial enterprises, livestock and poultry farmers and aquaculture farmers. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment and the Finance Bureau, and coordinated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the Transportation Bureau)

Fourth, deepen the overall planning of land and sea, and promote the systematic management of rivers entering the sea

(eleven) to carry out comprehensive improvement of rivers into the sea. Adhere to the "land and sea planning, river and sea consideration" and strictly control the total amount of sewage discharged into the sea. We will comprehensively improve the water environment of rivers entering the sea, and carry out measures such as investigation and rectification of sewage outlets entering the river, pollution control and interception, ecological restoration of rivers, and construction of ecological buffer zones to ensure the stable water quality of rivers entering the sea. Optimize the dispatching of dams and dams, implement ecological dredging projects, dredge the polluted sediment in rivers, treat and dispose the dredged sediment safely, and reduce the discharge of sediment pollutants. Before the end of 2021, comprehensively establish a drainage registration system for rivers and dams entering the sea. (led by the Municipal Water Conservancy Bureau and the Bureau of Ecology and Environment, and coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)

(twelve) to promote the investigation and rectification of the discharge port into the sea. According to the filing situation of sewage outlets, the environmental quality discharged into the water body and the daily management requirements, for the sewage outlets that have been investigated and confirmed, a "one-bite, one-policy" source remediation work plan is put forward, and classified remediation is carried out according to the principle of "banning a batch, rectifying a batch and standardizing a batch". Refine and decompose the objectives and tasks of remediation, and promote the monitoring and traceability of sewage outlets into the sea and standardize the remediation work. Nature reserves, important fishery waters, coastal scenic spots and other areas that need special protection shall not build new sewage outlets; In areas where conditions permit, sewage outlets should be set in the deep sea and discharged offshore. In-depth monitoring of water quality and quantity of sewage outfalls into the sea will be carried out. On the basis of investigation and monitoring, traceability analysis of sewage outfalls into the sea will be carried out to find out the source of sewage. Before the end of 2021, the monitoring and traceability of sewage outfalls into the sea in the whole city will be completed. Implement the sewage outfall remediation project, and reduce pollutants into the sea by improving the discharge standard of direct wastewater, plugging illegal sewage outfalls, intercepting sewage pipes and other measures. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources, the Water Conservancy Bureau, the Agriculture and Rural Bureau, the Housing and Construction Bureau and the Transportation Bureau)

Five, build a beautiful bay, repair the coastal ecosystem.

(thirteen) to promote the construction of beautiful bay. In-depth development of coastal greening, ecological corridor construction, implementation of water pollution control, comprehensive environmental improvement, ecological restoration and reconstruction, biological resources conservation and landscape improvement and other measures to promote the comprehensive management of beautiful bays. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Bureau of Natural Resources, the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and the Water Conservancy Bureau)

In accordance with the principle of territorial management, we will promote the supervision of marine and beach garbage within our jurisdiction to create a clean beach sea surface. (led by the Municipal Urban Management Bureau and the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, and coordinated by the Municipal Natural Resources Bureau, the Water Conservancy Bureau, the Ecological Environment Bureau and the Wenguang Tourism Bureau)

Strictly delimit the ecological buffer zone, standardize the planting and breeding behavior in the buffer zone, and gradually realize returning the sea to the scenery and the sea to the people. Establish a benign and orderly development model between wetlands and cities, standardize eco-tourism activities in coastal nature reserves, and create a number of bay landscape belts with beautiful ecology, livable and suitable for traveling. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment and the Bureau of Natural Resources, and coordinated by the Municipal Housing and Construction Bureau, the Water Conservancy Bureau and the Agriculture and Rural Bureau)

(fourteen) to strengthen the restoration and protection of coastal wetlands. Strengthen the protection of coastal wetlands, take measures such as wetland enclosure protection, ecological water replenishment, restoration and reconstruction of biological habitats, and improve the ecological quality and ecological function of coastal wetlands. Implement coastal wetland ecological protection and restoration projects, and implement ecological restoration and risk prevention measures for key sea areas and coastal reclamation, tunnels, ports and docks, and sea areas near Lingang Industrial Park; Implement the proliferation and release of aquatic organisms and strengthen the protection of important aquatic organisms in "three fields and one channel" (spawning ground, feeding ground, wintering ground and migration channel). Strictly implement the relevant provisions of the Notice of the State Council on Strengthening the Protection of Coastal Wetlands and Strictly Controlling Reclamation (Guo Fa [2018] No.24), implement the strictest control over reclamation and shoreline development, and make overall arrangements for marine space utilization activities. Except for major national strategic projects, the approval of new reclamation projects will be completely stopped. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and coordinated by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment and the Transportation Bureau)

(fifteen) the protection of estuaries and bays ecosystem. We will carry out the restoration of degraded wetlands in important estuaries, gradually implement the construction of ecological wetlands in estuaries and bays, and accelerate the restoration and construction of estuaries and wetlands in major rivers entering the sea. At the estuaries of important rivers, ecological buffer zones should be constructed by building ecological shorelines, constructing shoal wetlands, returning fishing (fields) to moisture, and planting pollution-resistant plants to improve the ecological environment carrying capacity. (The Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and the Water Conservancy Bureau take the lead, and the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment and the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs cooperate)

Vi. Preventing environmental risks and strengthening capacity building in coastal areas

(sixteen) to strengthen the prevention and control of environmental risks in coastal waters. We will promote the mechanism of investigation and regular inspection of sea-related risk sources. Before the end of 2022, we will compile and complete the emergency plan for sea-related environmental risks, and clarify the regional marine risk factors and major disaster-causing factors. Implement the pollution emergency disposal responsibilities of relevant ports, docks, loading and unloading stations and units and enterprises engaged in ship repair and dismantling, and establish an oil spill emergency joint prevention and control system according to the actual situation of port enterprises. The port will focus on the construction of special oil and chemical terminals, equipped with corresponding emergency prevention facilities and set up emergency teams. (led by Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Transportation Bureau and Lianyungang Maritime Bureau, with the cooperation of Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, Emergency Bureau, Natural Resources Bureau and Agriculture and Rural Bureau)

(seventeen) to promote the construction of water environment monitoring capacity in coastal waters. Improve the marine environmental monitoring system at the city and county levels, establish and improve the automatic monitoring system for water environment in coastal waters, build new automatic monitoring stations at key sections of rivers entering the sea and key estuaries, and establish a monitoring and evaluation mechanism for estuaries entering the sea. Strengthen the monitoring of hydrology and water quality in coastal waters, as well as the capacity building of monitoring and early warning of toxic and harmful substances, persistent pollutants and aquatic organisms in the water environment, continue to promote the remote sensing monitoring of Enteromorpha green tide, and prevent risks such as marine ecological invasion and seawater eutrophication. Promote the construction of "smart water environment" in coastal waters and realize the whole process control and intelligent management. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment and the Bureau of Natural Resources, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Finance Bureau)

(eighteen) strict early warning and monitoring of direct discharge pollution sources. Focus on the investigation and monitoring of pollution sources discharged directly into the sea, build a sound coastal monitoring and early warning system, establish an early warning platform for environmental supervision of sea-related enterprises before the end of 2022, and actively promote the research on automatic monitoring technology of characteristic pollutants. Encourage coastal key parks, key industries and key enterprises to install online automatic monitoring systems with characteristic pollutant monitoring functions in direct sea discharge projects to meet the requirements of real-time monitoring and timely warning. Strengthen the supervision, monitoring and management of offshore enterprises. Improve the early warning mechanism of environmental management and realize the implementation of all relevant units at different levels. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Bureau of Natural Resources and the Transportation Bureau)

Seven, strict responsibility implementation, improve the coastal management and control system and mechanism.

(nineteen) innovation of marine environmental management system. Actively participate in the study of local standard system in estuaries and bays and the formulation of seawater quality standards for total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and promote the convergence of surface water and seawater quality evaluation systems. Strictly implement the Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Compensation for the Loss of Marine Living Resources (Lian Zheng Ban Fa [2017] No.155), strengthen the disposal of problems left over from the history of reclamation, establish the concept of paid use of marine environmental resources, and let sea users fulfill their responsibilities for paid use of marine environmental resources, and gradually promote the research on the mechanism of paid use of marine resources. Compensation for marine protection will be made through ecological reconstruction of shallow seabed, comprehensive management of bays, restoration of estuarine habitats, restoration of high-quality shoreline, breeding and release, capacity building of marine ecological environment monitoring, and research on marine ecological environment protection, so as to guide social capital to participate in marine ecological protection construction. Promote the construction of marine garbage cleaning system. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, the Bureau of Natural Resources and the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and coordinated by the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Finance Bureau and the Urban Management Bureau)

(twenty) to strengthen the organization and coordination and implementation of security. The municipal government makes overall planning, the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment takes the lead, and the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Bureau of Natural Resources, the Housing and Construction Bureau, the Transportation Bureau, the Water Resources Bureau, the Agriculture and Rural Bureau, the Urban Management Bureau, the maritime affairs and marine police departments cooperate closely, and the relevant counties, districts and administrative committees implement the control objectives. Strictly implement the principle of "Party and government share the same responsibility, one post and two responsibilities", and give full play to the role of the local government as the first responsible person for pollutant reduction. Relevant counties, districts and administrative committees shall formulate annual implementation plans according to municipal plans, clarify the departments responsible for each task, and relevant functional departments shall earnestly perform their duties, strengthen coordination and linkage among departments, build a big pattern of joint management, rationally arrange funds, clarify the division of powers, and increase the guidance on the use of financial funds. Using the adaptive management model for reference, through supervision, monitoring, evaluation and other means, regularly analyze and evaluate the implementation effect of the scheme, and further optimize the objectives and measures in the process of exploration. We will actively guide enterprises and social funds to participate in pollution control projects in coastal waters by means of cooperation between government and social funds, and improve the enthusiasm of investment in pollution control. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, with the cooperation of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission, the Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, the Bureau of Finance, the Bureau of Natural Resources, and the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs)

(twenty-one) to strengthen environmental supervision and management in coastal waters. Improve the environmental supervision mechanism in coastal waters and improve the division of responsibilities for marine environmental protection. Make up the shortcomings of Qi Haiyang’s environmental law enforcement and supervision system, strengthen the capacity building of environmental protection supervision and law enforcement in coastal waters, and improve the quality of law enforcement team. Strictly implement the "bay head system", actively innovate the working methods, incorporate the supervision of pollutant discharge in coastal waters into the scope of the duties of the bay head, and do a good job in supervising and implementing the annual tasks. Promote the disclosure of environmental information, strengthen publicity and interpretation and public opinion guidance, and improve the sense of responsibility and participation in marine environmental protection in the whole society. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment and Lianyungang Marine Police, with the cooperation of the Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources, the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Transportation Bureau and Lianyungang Maritime Bureau)

(twenty-two) strict environmental law enforcement and assessment accountability. Insist on pollution control with an iron fist, strengthen the main responsibility of polluters, and investigate and deal with illegal pollution discharge according to the relevant provisions of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Marine Environmental Protection, by means of continuous daily punishment, seizure, limited production and production, and transfer to administrative detention. Suspected of environmental pollution crimes, promptly transferred to the public security organs. Intensify cross-regional joint law enforcement and form a joint force to overcome difficulties. To strengthen the assessment of pollutant reduction, the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment will assess the completion of the reduction targets of major water pollutants in coastal waters, and strictly implement regional approval restrictions for areas that have not completed the annual reduction targets. (led by the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Lianyungang Marine Police and Lianyungang Maritime Bureau, with the cooperation of the Municipal Public Security Bureau)

Related reading:Policy Interpretation of "Three-year Action Plan for Pollutant Reduction and Water Quality Improvement in Lianyungang Coastal Area"

Author: Zhu Weimo

Academician of the National Academy of Kinesiology, tenured professor and doctoral supervisor of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

He is good at the measurement and evaluation of exercise and health, the research and application of exercise prescription, the role of eastern and western exercise in health promotion and disease prevention, and the influence of sedentary on modern people’s health.

In 2017, he wrote and published the book Sedentary Behavior and Health: Concepts, Assessments, and Interventions.

Article source: Academician Zhu Weimo

China Clinical Nutrition Network has been authorized to reprint

The importance of exercise to health is being recognized by more and more middle-aged and elderly friends. The aunt’s square dance in full swing and the surging explosion are good evidence. However, with a little attention, it is not difficult to find that few people in these exercise groups are doing strength training. It can be said that neglecting strength training may be the biggest misunderstanding in physical fitness and health preservation for middle-aged and elderly people in China. So what is strength training? Why is strength training very important for the health of middle-aged and elderly people? How should middle-aged and elderly people carry out strength training? Today, this article introduces you in detail.

Muscle ABC

To understand the importance of strength training to the health of middle-aged and elderly people, we should start with skeletal muscle. The so-called skeletal muscle is what is usually called muscle or what people call "lean meat"; The human body has nearly 700 muscles.

The smallest functional unit of muscle is muscle fiber. Muscle fibers can be roughly divided into two categories: red muscle fibers and white muscle fibers. Red muscle fiber, also known as slow muscle fiber, is characterized by low strength but excellent endurance. On the contrary, white muscle fibers are also called fast muscle fibers. It is characterized by great strength and poor endurance. Therefore, it is not difficult to imagine that the percentage of red muscle fibers of world-class marathon athletes can reach 93%-99%, on the contrary, the white muscle fibers of high-level sprinters can reach 75%.

Each group of muscle fibers is connected and controlled by a motor neuron. During exercise, neurons discharge and their connected muscle fibers contract after a series of chemical reactions. Therefore, motor neurons and connected muscle fibers are collectively called Motor Unit. Muscle contraction is accomplished by the participation of thousands of sports units.

It is generally believed that the proportion of fast and slow muscles is determined by nature. The study of twins proves that the proportion of fast and slow muscles is basically unchanged from birth to adulthood, but as people get older, the number of fast muscle fibers gradually decreases, and the proportion of slow muscle fibers naturally increases. In addition to the types of muscle fibers, the other factors that determine muscle strength are the number and volume of muscle fibers. It is generally believed that the number of muscle fibers is also determined by nature.

The function of training is mainly on the surface/volume of muscle fibers. After a period of training, muscle fibers grow stronger and their strength naturally increases. On the contrary, if you don’t use muscles for a long time, the area of muscle fibers will shrink and the strength will naturally become smaller. Muscle fiber volume plays an important role in strength, but it is not the only factor. For example, women can increase their strength several times through strength training, but the muscle volume has hardly increased. The main reason for this increase in strength is the change of nerve regulation on muscle. Through training, the mobilization of sports units can be greatly "increased" in unit time, and more muscle fibers participate in the work, and the strength will naturally increase.

(Image from WeChat public platform public photo gallery)

Muscle, strength and health

Life lies in exercise. In the long human evolution, sports ability is one of the most basic abilities for human survival. Muscle is the "engine" of exercise. Strong muscles and the strength they bring are naturally the most basic guarantee for human survival and health. Studies show that healthy women’s muscles account for 23% of their weight, while men’s are more than 40%.

The latest research also has a further profound understanding of the relationship between muscle and health and disease:

Positive effects of muscle protein on systemic metabolism. For many body organs (such as brain, heart and liver), ensuring the stability of protein is the most basic condition for human survival. As early as 1960s, people have realized that muscle protein can be converted into blood amino acids to ensure the stability of other important organs when nutrition is deficient. Recent research on AIDS patients shows that the degree of muscle atrophy is directly related to their life span.

Muscles and diseases. Studies have also shown that muscles are directly related to many diseases. Take patients with heart failure and cancer as examples. Patients with these two diseases are characterized by rapid muscle atrophy. Moreover, the degree of atrophy has also been proved to be one of the important predictors of their survival.

Muscle and diabetes. An initial symptom of diabetes is that normal concentration of insulin has no effect on muscle to remove excess blood sugar, which is called "insulin resistance" in clinical medicine. New research shows that the precipitation of triglycerides in muscle is directly related to diabetes.

(Image from WeChat public platform public photo gallery)

Muscle and osteoporosis. As far as bone health is concerned, in addition to the gravity caused by body weight and exercise, the influence of muscle contraction on bones is particularly important. A large number of studies have proved that muscle volume is directly related to other bone health indicators such as bone mineral density.

Muscle and obesity. About 70% of the energy we consume is used to maintain life, which is called basal metabolism. Therefore, effectively improving basal metabolism is the most effective way to reduce obesity. Because skeletal muscle in the body is a big consumer of basal metabolism, it is particularly important to ensure the proportion of skeletal muscle in the body. The most effective way to maintain skeletal muscle through exercise is strength training. The role of strength training in weight loss is just a big misunderstanding of China people (perhaps including many professionals) in physical exercise.

Young women think they are here to lose weight, and strength training makes muscle blocks bigger and more ugly; Old people think that holding your breath often in strength training will put too much pressure on the heart load; "Professional" people think aerobic exercise is the best way to burn fat. In fact, these views are "outdated" or incorrect.

Because of estrogen, young women don’t practice "blocks" in general strength training. On the contrary, combining small and medium strength training with aerobic exercise is actually the best way to improve the percentage of muscles and thus the basal metabolic rate. On the contrary, weight loss/weight control only by diet control is difficult to adhere to, and it is easy to lead to "hidden" obesity (note: hidden obesity refers to the phenomenon that the weight seems normal, but the fat percentage is high; Height and body mass index can not accurately determine the percentage of fat to determine whether it is "hidden" obesity, and it needs to be determined by sebum forceps or electrical impedance method or dual-energy X-ray method).

Muscle and weight. Since the age of 30, people’s muscles begin to decline. If they don’t exercise, by the age of 50, their muscle volume has shrunk by 10%, and between the ages of 60 and 70, it has shrunk by about 15%. After the age of 80, it can shrink by as much as 30% every decade. On average, after the age of 40, muscle atrophy is about 5 kg every ten years, while fat increases about 10 kg in the same period. On the whole, unhealthy weight is equivalent to increasing about 15 kg every ten years! If you only rely on diet to adjust your weight, although it is helpful to "bad weight" (that is, fat), it is of little help to maintain "good weight" (that is, muscle). Why is muscle called "good weight"? This is because muscle can help the body clean up excess blood sugar, and the increase of muscle volume can help people improve their basal metabolic rate. With greater strength, people are willing to move and their aerobic skills are also improved.

The effect of strength on health is mainly manifested in the functions of daily life, such as getting up, going to the toilet, going out for a walk, taking grandchildren, climbing stairs, taking away jam jars and shopping in supermarkets. Sufficient strength is also very helpful to prevent accidental injuries. The prevention and treatment of lumbago by the muscle strength of the back, the prevention of knee injury by the muscle strength of the thigh, and the possible study of the whole leg strength on the fall of the elderly have all proved the positive role of strength in our health and life. The prevention and treatment of diseases by strength, such as diabetes, hypertension, falls, osteoporosis, arthritis, insomnia, fatigue and depression, have also been confirmed by a large number of studies.

Effect of aging on muscle strength and strength

Time and tide wait for no man. With the growth of age, people’s basic functions gradually decline, which is a natural law. The same is true for muscles and strength. Research shows (for example, Lexell et al., 1988) that human strength begins to decline after 40 years old. Between 50 and 70 years old, the annual decline is about 1% to 1.5%, and after 70 years old, it drops by about 3% every year.

A study of 70-year-old people in the United States shows that:

26% people have to have a rest while climbing a floor;

31% people can’t lift shopping weighing about 9 kilograms;

36% people have difficulty walking a few blocks;

So what is the main reason for the decline of the strength of the elderly? The answers are muscle atrophy, decreased fast muscle fibers, decreased function of muscle neurons and low blood supply to muscles:

Muscle atrophy. Muscle strength is directly related to muscle size. McArdle et al. (2001) research shows that every square centimeter of muscle can produce 16 to 30 Newton’s force, regardless of gender. Without strength training, muscles begin to decline after the age of 30, and the degree of atrophy can reach 20%-40% by the age of 60. Muscle quality also changes qualitatively with atrophy: in young adults, 70% of the muscles are muscle fibers, but in the elderly, the proportion is only 50% (see the comparison between young adults and the elderly).

Decreased fast muscle fibers. With the increase of age, fast muscle fibers gradually decrease. It is reported in some studies (for example, Singh et al., 1999) that the percentage of decline can reach 60%.

Decreased function of muscle neurons. According to the research (Rice, 2000), muscle neurons decline at a rate of 1% every year after 30 years old, and even faster after 60 years old. With fewer muscle neurons, the ability to mobilize a large number of muscle fibers and participate in work naturally declines.

Decreased muscle blood supply function. With the increase of age, the ability of blood supply and oxygen supply of muscle capillaries decreases in the elderly, especially those who are sedentary. "Malnourished" muscle fibers naturally cannot achieve their due functions when working.

Sunset, infinite beauty, only close to the dusk. In the face of declining physical condition, many elderly friends often just sigh. A few people spend a lot of money to find a "panacea" or a "pill for growing old" also ended in failure. In fact, the best way to resist muscle aging is strength training.

Note: Some pictures in this article come from the Internet.

Preview: The next issue will tell you about how the elderly practice their strength!

Editorial Department of China Clinical Nutrition Network

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