????The Pentagon, located in Arlington, southwest of Washington, D.C., is the headquarters of the United States Department of Defense, the highest military command organ in the United States, with geographical coordinates of 38 52 ′ 15.00 ″ n and 77 03 ′ 21.00 ″ w.. Seen from the air, the building is pentagonal, hence the name "Pentagon".

????Original title: The Department of Defense born in the "Air and Sea War"-The little-known inside story of the struggle when the US Department of Defense was founded

????On August 10th, 2009, the US Department of Defense held a grand celebration ceremony to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the official establishment of the Department of Defense. However, what is little known is that the establishment of the US Department of Defense 60 years ago was the product of struggle and compromise among the three major services of the US military, and one of the events called "Admiral Rebellion" became the direct "fuse" for the birth of the US Department of Defense. Then, in the United States, which flaunts democracy and freedom and pursues the system of "civilian leading", why did the admiral, as an important minister in the army "rebel"? Why is the birth of the Ministry of National Defense linked to this incident? Let’s break through the fog of history and appreciate the thrilling infighting within the US military 60 years ago.

????The Prelude of Conflict —— The National Security Law of 1947

????After World War II, with the rapid improvement of American military strength and international status, the organizational form of the US military, which used to focus on the two independent departments of the sea and land, obviously could not meet the needs of the development of the situation, so a new round of military institutional reform is imperative. In an article entitled "Our armed forces must be unified", Truman once wrote with emotion when talking about the experience and lessons of World War II, "The military institutions we hastily pieced together have always been the cause of disasters … For the sake of national security, a more solid foundation must be established. The first step is obviously to unify the army and navy, so that all our defensive and offensive forces are under the leadership of an institution and an authoritative and responsible headquarters. " Under this background, it has become the top priority of the US military’s military reform work to concentrate on solving the deep-rooted contradictions between Lu Haijun, solving the repetitive construction problems in national defense construction, and establishing a unified military organization to effectively integrate the two major military departments of the sea and land.

????In October, 1945, a motion led by the army with the main content of establishing a unified military organization was submitted to the National Assembly, and the focus of the struggle was mainly on the ownership of the Marine Corps and the Naval Air Force. However, judging from the comparison of the forces of the three major services of the US military at that time, the Army and the Air Force played a decisive role in World War II, so they also mastered the "right to speak" in the new round of national defense institutional reform. The army, headed by Marshall and Eisenhower, spared no effort to publicize the benefits of the alliance, hoping to merge the Marine Corps into the army and form its own amphibious combat force to further strengthen its leading position in the national defense institutions. At the same time, after the baptism of the two world wars, especially in the course of the war against Japan, the Army Air Force (the predecessor of the Air Force), which was "resident" in the army, has been transformed into a veritable "third service" step by step. Therefore, after the war, fanatical air force elements advocated the establishment of an independent air force everywhere, demanding that the aircraft of the army and navy be unified under the command of the Air Force. Based on the affection of "the same ancestry and the same origin", the Army and the Army Air Force reached a tacit agreement on the issue of dividing up the navy’s "heritage", that is, acquiring the Marine Corps and the Naval Air Force. Therefore, a large number of senior army generals, such as Eisenhower, all held a positive attitude towards the independence of the Air Force. Although the navy also played an important role in the Pacific War, the humiliation of Pearl Harbor incident, the nuclear monopoly advantage of the United States after the war and the serious lack of maritime strategic threats,Coupled with the strong pressure of "alliance" between land and air, these factors make the navy in a very embarrassing situation in the new round of national defense institutional reform. In order to publicize the benefits of air force independence and integration, and to retaliate against the numerous obstacles set by the navy on the issue of air force independence in the past, especially the persecution of Billy Mitchell, the "father of the air force", air force elements used their influence to belittle the role of the navy as much as possible everywhere. Frank Armstrong, the backbone of the Air Force, publicly demanded that the functions and functions of the navy be reduced to the level of escort, transport and honor guard, because the navy "will only have a few aircraft carriers, which will have no fighting capacity in any case … and will probably be sunk in the first battle", so "the navy will be useless except providing materials needed by the army, air force and ground forces." Karl spaatz, the first Air Force Chief of Staff, also attacked the Navy in public speeches, which made the Navy faction angry. He pointed out, "Why should we continue to keep the navy? The only reason why we keep the navy may be that many countries still keep the navy, but the Soviet Union has only a small navy, or there is no navy at all, so there is absolutely no need for us to waste money on the navy. "

????Under the dual pressure of "alliance" between land and air, although the navy is well aware of the significance and truth of unified operational command, it has to oppose it for its own interests, because the navy generals are particularly worried that the integration system and the formation of the air force will make them lose the two core arms of naval aviation and marine corps, thus damaging the overall interests of the navy. Therefore, chester nimitz, then Minister of Naval Operations, expressed strong opposition to the idea of integration. He pointed out that "practice has proved that the two departments with separate responsibilities and powers can provide different arms according to the requirements of modern warfare, so it is not only useless but also harmful to the proper division of labor and the effective use of maritime forces to merge the War Department and the Navy Department into a single department." At the congressional hearing, a large number of admirals and members of the navy expressed strong dissatisfaction with Truman’s bill, so they have not reached a consensus on the issue of integration.

????Finally, in order to calm the disputes between the various military forces, especially the dissatisfaction of the navy, Truman had to adopt a compromise plan and make necessary compromises and concessions on some key issues: first, adopt the opinions of the army and set up a unified Ministry of National Defense; Secondly, in response to the demands of air force activists, an independent air force was formed, and Lu Haijun did not keep land-based aircraft; Third, support the opinion of the navy, carrier-based aviation and marine corps will remain in the navy, and the establishment and tasks of the marine corps will remain unchanged. In this context, the US Army and Navy Ministers finally reached an agreement on the issue of unified jurisdiction. On July 26, 1947, President Truman signed the National Security Law, and established the National Security Council, the National Military Department (the predecessor of the Ministry of National Defense), the Air Force Department and the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and established a national military system composed of the Minister of National Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Staff and independent air force, army and navy departments. On September 15th, 1947, JamesVincentForrestal, a former Secretary of the Navy, took office and became the first Secretary of Defense in American history. Three days later, the US Air Force was formally established, and Stuart Semin, a leading figure who made great contributions to the independence of the Air Force, became the first air force minister. However, because the National Security Law of 1947 was established on the basis of a temporary compromise between various military services, compared with the rank and status of the Cabinet Departments of the three major military services, the National Military Department is not a Cabinet Department, but a loose alliance in name only, with only general coordination rights.In addition, with only a small number of staff, it is impossible to fully exercise the functions and powers of the commander-in-chief, and the bill does not clearly stipulate the specific tasks and division of roles of various military species. This congenital deficiency has also laid the groundwork for the outbreak of the largest dispute within the US military after the war.

????The war is rekindled-B-36 VS "Super Carrier"

????At the end of World War II, with the successful development of nuclear weapons and their decisive role in the war against Japan, the US military believed that nuclear weapons would become the "killer weapon" to determine the outcome of future wars, and strategic nuclear bombing would also become a decisive new operational mode in the future, thus making nuclear weapons and the newly formed Strategic Air Force (SAC) the priority targets of the US military’s strategic deployment and military funding. At the same time, the two major services, the air force and the sea force, have launched a new "infighting" for the dominance of the strategic air force. The focus of this struggle is mainly on the weapons development plans of the two major services: the navy’s CV-58 "United States" super aircraft carrier plan and the Air Force’s B-36 "flying arsenal" strategic bomber plan.

????With the help of their supporters, the navy and air force used their influence to attack and slander each other in some public and secret occasions. The navy, represented by Nimitz, believes that the "United States" is of great significance to the navy, because it is the first super aircraft carrier equipped by the navy after the war. This aircraft carrier has the ability to take off and land large aircraft such as strategic bombers, so it is also the navy to maintain its own survival in the nuclear age and compete with the air force for budgetary capital. The Air Force, represented by Stuart Semin and curtis lemay, believes that the US military can achieve a "cheap victory" only by launching nuclear air strikes, without having to carry out heavy casualties on the ground, and without wasting huge sums of money to build a "living coffin at sea"-an aircraft carrier with poor maneuverability and weak viability. As the world’s first strategic bomber with intercontinental long-range bombing capability, the B-36 will replace the old B-29 and B-56.

????However, because the Ministry of National Military Affairs is only a loose alliance, it is impossible to effectively stop the jealousness and infighting between the two ministries. In addition, the Truman administration greatly reduced the military budget after the war, so it is impossible for the two major R&D projects to be launched at the same time, and they can only choose one of them. Therefore, this inevitably intensifies the already tense contradiction between the two services. At first, because Forrester served as the secretary of the navy and was a typical naval faction, the navy gained the upper hand in the initial competition. The CV-58 project was successfully passed and started in Newport News on March 18, 1949. Many navy generals could not help but be complacent, but the navy was too happy. Stuart Semin, the eloquent air force minister, launched a comprehensive propaganda campaign, which gradually won the support of the press, Congress and the army. Bradley, then chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, also expressed support for the Air Force, arguing that "using the navy to carry out nuclear bombing missions will only greatly reduce the ability and suddenness of the Air Force to carry out large-scale explosive missions." Things are unpredictable. Just a few days later, the "United States" was forced to stop construction and dismount because of the fall of the Navy and the coming to power of the Air Force. Due to the opposition to the Truman administration’s policy of reducing military spending, and the constant exposure of media reports about his poor mental condition, Forrester gradually lost Truman’s trust and had to resign on March 28, and the new defense minister was replaced by Louis Johnson, an activist from the Air Force, so the navy became a "super carrier."The plan was inevitably stillborn.

????"Admiral rebelled"

????In April 1949, after the new Secretary of Defense, Louis Johnson, took office, he not only canceled the "super carrier" plan without the approval of Congress, but also repeatedly suppressed the navy’s requirements at the Joint Chiefs of Staff, drastically reduced the navy’s funds, and even canceled the navy and the Marine Corps. Johnson pointed out, "There is no reason to keep the Navy and Marine Corps, because General Bradley told me that amphibious operations have become history, and we will never do amphibious operations again, so there is no need to keep the Marine Corps. In addition, the air force can do everything that the navy can do, so there is no need to keep the navy. " A stone stirred up a thousand waves, which caused an uproar in the United States and became the fuse of the famous "Revolt of the Admirals" in American history.

????A large number of famous naval generals protested and resigned in anger, and many retired naval generals, government and business people related to the navy, and officials and people from all walks of life who lost the location of the shipyard were extremely angry at the Truman administration’s capricious policy. Admiral Daniel Garrett, headed by Major General, began to publish a series of fierce articles and speeches in the United States, attacking Johnson for belittling the navy’s national defense policy and the Air Force’s B-36 bomber plan. Garrett even published a highly inflammatory rebellion statement in an article entitled "Don’t let them sink the navy", calling Johnson an "out-and-out criminal and villain" and demanding that he immediately take the blame and step down. This has caused an uproar in the United States, causing a storm in the city and chaos in Congress, the press, the government and the military. Subsequently, the senior navy generals represented by Admiral Arthur Redford, commander of the Pacific Fleet, began to set off a bigger storm again.

????In order to go all out to attack the Air Force’s B-36 bomber plan by hook or by crook, the Navy once appointed arleigh burke to secretly set up a special office called OP-23, which was mainly responsible for making plans to win the support of the US Congress and the public. In June 1949, an anonymous document not only recorded that Denfield and other senior naval generals expressed strong dissatisfaction with Johnson’s national defense policy, but also accused the relevant officials of the Air Force Department and senior air force generals of fraud and bribery in the B-36 plan, exposing that Johnson and Symington benefited personally and politically from the owner of the aircraft manufacturer, Odlum, and believed that the Air Force had unfair competition in the bidding stage of aircraft, and received defective aircraft to make personal profits at the expense of national defense interests. This accusation makes the Air Force extremely angry, because it has done great damage to the honor of Air Force officers and the reputation of the Air Force Department. Congress launched a series of hearings to investigate the so-called "B-36 procurement fraud case". At the congressional hearing, Air Force Minister Semin Clinton and Air Force Chief of Staff arthur vandenberg refuted Radford’s point of view one by one. After investigation, Congress also thought that many accusations of the navy lacked rationality and appropriateness and were untenable. Bradley, the general of the army, also refuted the accusation of the navy, and pointed out that the naval disturbance was an "open rebellion against the civilian leadership system", and its essence was to resist the unified command and plan of the US military "in spirit and action".And "the constant quarrel in the supreme command organization is like a drop of poison dripping into wine, which makes all the sharers suffer." After an in-depth investigation, the congressional investigation report pointed out that "there is not a bit, even a little bit of evidence to prove the allegations of premeditated, fraudulent, bribery, bullying or favoritism in the procurement of B-36 bombers" and proved that the "documents" provided by the navy were forged, and the initiator behind it was Colonel John G. Grommelin, deputy director of the OP-23 office. The report also pointed out that "the Ministry of National Defense has made great efforts to pursue the’ unification’ of the services, and the pace is too fast." Moreover, in this struggle, "the navy that refused the’ marriage’ of the services, the army that was too proud of itself, and the somewhat unruly air force made the Committee not find any’ Puritans’ in the Ministry of National Defense who fully supported reunification and had pure motives."

????In the end, this "air-sea war" ended with the navy’s breach of trust in the world and the air force’s victory: the B-36 plan continued, but the navy’s "super carrier" plan was forced to dismount, and an article in Time magazine of the United States also dubbed the ups and downs of the service struggle within the US military as the "Admiral Rebellion" incident. The "Admiral Rebellion" incident not only shocked the whole United States, but also made the top officials of the United States realize the importance of strengthening the authority of the Ministry of National Defense. In this context, the US Congress passed the amendment to the National Security Law on August 10th, 1949, which renamed the loosely structured "National Military Department" as the "Ministry of National Defense", upgraded it to the Cabinet Department, and further strengthened the power of the Minister of National Defense, reducing the ranks of the three major military departments of land, sea and air from the Cabinet Department to the directly affiliated department of the Ministry of National Defense, and the Minister of Military Services is no longer a member of the National Security Council and the Cabinet. In addition, in order to limit the competition between services, the post of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff was established with the approval of Congress. As the chief military adviser to the President and the Secretary of Defense, it was held by senior military generals, which also laid the foundation for the modern defense commander system in the United States.

????Silent ending

????Finally, the navy became a complete loser in this struggle: Navy Minister Sullivan resigned; Naval Operations Minister Denfeld was forced to "retire early"; Garrett was tried by a military court, which completely ruined his future; Truman also chose the mediocre "good guy" Matthews and the more obedient forrest sherman as the secretary of the navy and the minister of operations respectively, regardless of the strong opposition of the navy generals. Forester, the former secretary of defense who was born as the secretary of the navy, also committed suicide because of the mental disorder caused by the intensified service struggle. Although the personal endings of these senior naval officers were not very good, they were regarded as heroes by the navy because they sacrificed their lives and future to safeguard the survival and honor of the navy in this struggle. After the "Super Carrier" plan died, the US Congress decided to build a smaller aircraft carrier for the navy in order to appease the navy’s mood, and this aircraft carrier was named "Forrester". In addition, although the "Admiral Rebellion" incident ended in the failure of the navy, the subsequent "counterattack" by the Marine Corps also made the navy regain some face. In August 1950, under the strong pressure of the navy faction in Congress, the Truman administration was finally forced to agree to set up a representative of the Marine Corps in the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Although the Marine Corps is still under the jurisdiction of the Navy, it has a place in the Joint Chiefs of Staff, so it has become the fourth largest service on an equal footing with the army, navy and air force.

????At the same time, another protagonist in the "naval rebellion", Defense Minister Johnson of the Air Force faction, also suffered a bad result because of his arrogant and tough treatment of the navy. After the "Admiral Rebellion" incident, Truman, as Johnson’s immediate superior, was also humiliated in Congress, government and army, so he gradually lost his trust in Johnson. He wrote in his private diary, "Everything that happened made me begin to believe that Potomac fanaticism and a morbid state have made Louis show a mental disorder and selfish arrogance trying to drive the whole government, because he offended everyone in the cabinet … and never missed every opportunity to speak ill of people around me." Secretary of State Acheson also said in his memoirs that Johnson’s behavior was "very hateful, and it was not enough to just swear." Bradley hit the nail on the head and pointed out that "Truman inadvertently appointed a mental patient to replace another mental patient." Because Johnson suppressed the navy too hard, the navy did not have enough ships to carry out the task of sea blockade in the subsequent Korean War. A year later, in August 1950, Truman dismissed Johnson and appointed george marshall, who was low-key, well-balanced and highly respected in the military, as the new Secretary of Defense. At this point, the "Admiral Rebellion" incident, which caused a lot of trouble in the city, finally came to an end.

Foggy Shamao River, ancient blue bricks, irresistible food and snacks … In the past National Day holiday, the daily passenger flow of Wuma Historical and Cultural Block in Lucheng District of Wenzhou City was as high as 200,000, and the seven-day passenger flow reached 1.05 million. Citizens and tourists who are jostling with each other linger here because of the reappearance of lost history, the revival of faded homesickness and the tide of traditional blocks.

Culture is the "golden business card", soft power and spiritual root of a city. Wenzhou has a history of more than 5,000 years of civilization and 2,200 years of administrative system. After nearly 1,700 years of urban construction, it is a national historical and cultural city with profound connotations. Lucheng, as the main city, has always insisted on protecting, inheriting and carrying forward the characteristic cultural resources. Nowadays, in this land that once bred China’s landscape poems, Yongjia School and the Red Revolution in southern Zhejiang, the long-standing Ouyue civilization and the spirit of Wenzhou people in the new era complement each other, and there are more and more new ways to open it: the hometown of opera, the capital of song and dance, the famous city of calligraphy and painting, the hometown of all kinds of works, the hometown of Chinese embroidery, and the most happy urban area in China …

Common prosperity, diligent pursuit; Rich in spirit, culture first. By fully watering the spiritual and cultural rain and dew, Lucheng finally opened up the "beauty" in the hearts of the people: this is a city full of books, from downtown to the countryside, urban study rooms and farmer’s bookstores are built to the "doorstep" of the masses; This is a civilized and loving city. From the street to the alley, volunteer service and volunteer smiles warm everyone’s heart. This is a livable city. From the old city to the new city, tradition and modernity blend, fashion and massiness interweave, and cultural landmarks emerge constantly …

Park road ancient stage sings the happy new life of citizens.

Run people with civility and let culture flow into people’s hearts.

Unattended, self-service, and honest borrowing, the entry card reader at the door is always on and off, and people come in an endless stream every day, and even there is a rare occasion-in Lucheng, the 15-minute cultural service circle lights up the cultural lighthouse, and the city study, cultural post station and farmer’s bookstore are slowly integrating into people’s lives in a quiet way.

What is completely different from the "quietness" in the study is the "movement" in the cultural auditorium. There is less playing cards and more music; There are fewer people behind closed doors, and there are more laughter … Going to the cultural auditorium to read books, dance, or watch movies, play and sing, which is a comfortable "slow life" for many residents in Lucheng District. Cultural auditoriums called "village living room", "homesickness base" and "spiritual home" carry the colorful literary life of citizens.

At present, a total of 153 cultural auditoriums have been built in Lucheng District, achieving full coverage of village communities two years ahead of schedule. How to string together auditoriums of different cultures and continuously activate popularity? Actively embracing the digital wave has become the new normal for the Lucheng Cultural Auditorium to enhance "building management and educating". The modules of intelligent decision-making, information release, resource ordering, theoretical preaching and voluntary service not only make the services provided by the auditorium accurately match the needs of the people, but also make the public cultural resources change from "dispersion and division" to "integration and integration", thus improving the service efficiency as a whole. In Lucheng, there are not only cultural auditoriums in digital series, but also TV sets, news apps, societies, volunteers, art teachers and other resources. At present, all the wisdom and culture auditoriums in Lucheng have settled in the sections of "Handheld Lucheng" TV, "Deer Video", "News Information" and "Deer Live Broadcasting", presenting "news stories happening around us" in real time, which has solved the problem that many middle-aged and elderly people "touch the net" to watch news. Let the cultural auditorium be full of laughter and laughter, and 153 cultural auditoriums in Lucheng carry out more than 5,000 activities every year. Only 14 communities in Wuma Street have 128 mass cultural and sports associations, such as concentric painting and calligraphy clubs, waist drum teams and fitness dance teams, with more than 500 key players and more than 2,000 players, participating in the operation of the cultural auditorium.

Let culture flow in the hearts of more and more people. In addition to promoting the equalization of public cultural services in urban and rural areas and promoting the continuous extension of cultural benefits to the grassroots, Lucheng has also strengthened the excavation, creative transformation and innovative development of profound cultural connotations such as Wenzhou Millennium County City, Shanshuidou City and Dongou City. At present, Wuma Street, Zen Street and Park Road, which have been newly renovated and upgraded in Lucheng, have entered an open-air history museum.

"Leading the construction of ancient cities with culture and creating highly recognizable landmarks." The relevant person in charge of the Propaganda Department of Lucheng District Committee said that in the process of renovation, an "advisory group" of experts in literature and history was set up, focusing on research, dissemination and transformation, making full use of characteristics and amplifying advantages, restoring the original appearance of every street and every historical building to the greatest extent, and using a large number of old crafts such as gray plastic, wood carving and water sand stone to transplant a large number of old objects such as old stone slabs, old stone strips, old bricks and tiles to create a number of cultural theme pavilions. Let everyone be willing and like to come.

Casting Soul with Literature, Making Culture Cohesive and Developing Power

Culture is not only a happiness index related to people’s livelihood, but also a spiritual bond that unites people’s hearts. Lucheng digs deep into the era connotation of red culture and releases the era power of red genes. The 17 participating teams are full of energy and high spirits. They compete on the same stage with classic patriotic songs. At the scene of the patriotic song chorus competition celebrating the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Party in Lucheng, one red hot song engraved with the historical imprint and one red oath that stirs people’s hearts, let the masses enter history together through live broadcast.

Since the beginning of this year, Lucheng has closely focused on the goal of "studying history in the whole city and involving the whole people", and resolutely followed the requirements of "not leaving every party member behind, not abandoning every field, not missing every link, not dealing with every practical matter, and not missing every opportunity", making overall arrangements and meticulously organizing. Video relay "spread", special party history line "run", red research "flourish", one hundred red songs "sing", ten teams "talk", non-public enterprises "move", party history materials "live", party class party history "race" and people’s livelihood "dry" nine.

This joint effort is reflected in the tireless retrograde figure under the severe situation of epidemic prevention and control; This kind of synergy is reflected in the scene of the project, and the sweaty fighting figures; This kind of joint effort is reflected in the tribute slogans that are scrolled in Lucheng landmark building electronic screens, taxi ceiling billboards and outdoor light boxes on major festivals such as Teachers’ Day.

There are many more resultant forces like this. Because of culture, the development of Lucheng has become more powerful.

Hear Lucheng24Hours Theory Learning Station

In the Bailifang cultural home with micro-film shooting scenes, citizens are experiencing role performances.

Let culture blow the new wind of civilization with the help of literature and goodness

"Hello, please have tea!" "Is that enough? Would you like some more?" In Lucheng streets and lanes, the refreshments that can be seen everywhere have already become the unique scenery of the city. The "Fu Tea Spirit" represented by Hongri Pavilion leads the national voluntary service.

From regional love offering to sending love all over the city, from individual love offering to group love gathering, from grassroots love offering to official love offering, tea snacks such as Sanle Pavilion, Xuri Pavilion, Fuxing Pavilion, Bailu Pavilion and Yat Ching Pavilion form a "Lucheng Alliance" to do good deeds, which condenses into the "Lucheng Phenomenon" and even the "Wenzhou Phenomenon" of citizen moral construction. "Fu Tea Spirit" lights up the lamp of urban civilization, and the moral high ground leads the new social trend of advanced culture. At present, there are more than 380,000 registered volunteers in Lucheng district, and there is one volunteer for every three permanent residents.

Everyone takes pride in participating in public welfare and takes pleasure in doing good deeds. This kind of happiness cannot be separated from the "good" culture created by Lucheng. Hold a lively retirement ceremony for the good people who are "unable to do anything"; On New Year’s Day, Spring Festival and other festivals, good people are regarded as an important object of condolences; When holding major festivals, celebrations and other activities, invite good people to be present; Provide free employment training for good people in need and issue low-interest loans; Organize a series of activities of "Good People Walk in" to let citizens feel the power of role models at zero distance …

"Let the virtuous have a’ win’ to help the seeds of goodness take root and grow better, and the good deeds hatch out the good deeds, and promote the small tea to grow into a’ big landscape’." The main person in charge of the Propaganda Department of Lucheng District Committee said.

Donors who don’t want to be named often appear on the display screens such as "Music Donation List" and "Public Column" of different refreshments: Ms. Li, passers-by and old gentleman … "Almost every day, love money or love materials are sent to the Red Sun Pavilion, and many people just leave their items and reluctantly leave their surnames after repeated questioning." Jiang Jinfu, head of Sanle Pavilion, said.

In the past three years, Lucheng has raised a total of 320 million yuan of charitable funds, benefiting 163,000 people in need. The average annual growth rate of per capita disposable income of low-income groups in the whole region has reached 16.5%, which is 5.5 percentage points higher than that of the whole region.

At present, Lucheng is further exploring the complementary role of philanthropy in the third distribution and in improving the distribution pattern of income and wealth.

Jiangxinyu, known as the "Island of Poetry in China", has become a punching place for new online celebrity by digging deep into the cultural heritage of a thousand-year-old solitary island.

Let culture breed the flower of common prosperity with cultural richness.

While leveraging the "soft power" of culture to boost the "spirit" of the city, Lucheng continues to strengthen the "culture+"integration and development articles, and further create a "hard support" for the high-quality leap-forward development of the economy and society.

Enjoy rock and roll, punch card art exhibition, meet script reasoning … Today, Xiaobafang, a popular punch card spot in the old town of Wenzhou, was only an old residential area a year ago.

According to the mode of "expropriation without demolition, households moving their houses to stay, and business renewal", Puxie Street where Xiaobafang is located, after helping the original residents to resettle in different places, is determined to be a high-quality development enterprise in the form of "ten-year lease" to carry out overall planning, transformation and upgrading of the block and the above-ground buildings, relying on Wenruitang River culture, injecting new industrial elements such as cultural creativity and intangible experience, and shaping music, culture, catering, accommodation, entertainment and leisure. In the previous three-month "A glimpse of Tanghe" art exhibition, the number of visitors was nearly 35,000. "I often see young people coming to take pictures. It has not been so lively for a long time. " Chen Shujuan, an old resident around, said with a smile.

In Aodi Village, Tengqiao Town, west of Lucheng District, bamboos, fields with weeds and office buildings in idle villages that were neglected in the past have now become the "passwords" for local farmers to increase their income. In March this year, Fujihashi introduced the research team of "Knowing Bamboo Changle-A Natural Creator’s Aodi Station", and carefully designed the course "Knowing Bamboo Changle", which skillfully connected the story in the fable with making bamboo rafts, weaving bamboo lanterns, experiencing farm work, building a fable theater and making role puppets. Under the guidance of non-genetic inheritors, children seem to enter the wonderful fable world. Xu Xiayi, the person in charge of "Knowing Bamboo Changle", said that children from Wenzhou, Jinhua, Taizhou and other places rushed to sign up, and bamboo, fields and idle buildings were effectively used, which effectively boosted the income of local farmers.

From downtown to mountain villages, more than 3,500 cultural enterprises, 13 cultural industrial parks and 88 cultural enterprises above designated size have thrived in Lucheng.

Lucheng specializes in building a digital intelligence platform for cultural industry, which plays the core role of big data cultural industry, integrates data resources of cultural industry, builds a comprehensive digital intelligence service platform integrating cultural and creative exchanges and talent services, and promotes the high-quality development of Lucheng cultural industry.

The platform builds a bridge between the Party committee and government, cultural parks, cultural enterprises and cultural talents, realizes the intensive integration and digital application of cultural resources, and promotes the high-quality development of Lucheng cultural industry.

Rich in culture, Lucheng, full of cultural self-confidence and charm, has endless "spring stories" in the new era in the journey of realizing high-quality leap-forward development. (Qi Xianghao, Hong Jiahui and Shi Qingwen/Photo courtesy of the Propaganda Department of Lucheng District Committee.)

　　The little man wearing a hat in Tencent QQ on the mobile phone changed from a cigarette butt to a green leaf. Source: mobile phone Tencent QQ screenshot.

　　BEIJING, Beijing, November 8 (Qiu Yu) Attentive netizens may have noticed that the "smoking expression" in Tencent QQ on the mobile phone has changed recently.

　　What used to be a little man in a hat with a cigarette butt in his mouth, representing the expression of "leisure", has now become a green leaf in his mouth.

　　Social platforms have removed "smoking expressions"

　　Zhongxin. com learned from Beijing Tobacco Control Association that many tobacco control organizations such as Beijing Tobacco Control Association had previously sent a letter to Tencent, hoping to remove the "smoking expression".

　　At present, Tencent QQ on the mobile phone has changed, and WeChat and Tencent QQ on the computer still retain their original expressions. In this regard, Zhongxin.com asked Tencent, and the other party has not responded yet.

　　"We asked Tencent that they need to be coordinated by the technical department to change the emoji, and there is a certain process and it is very strict." Zhang Jianshu, president of Beijing Tobacco Control Association, said.

　　In fact, another social platform — — Sina Weibo took relevant actions several months ago.

　　In September this year, after receiving a letter from Beijing Tobacco Control Association, Sina Weibo gradually took off the smoking expression code-named "Cool" in its own expression pack, and since then, "smoking expression" has become history on PC and mobile phone clients in Weibo.

　　"The use of smoking expressions is large, which is very popular among netizens, especially young netizens." Zhang Jianshu said that in the cyberspace where teenagers are very active, using words such as "cool, carefree" to describe smoking expressions has a certain degree of inducement to them.

　　Zhang Jianshu said that it is definitely not enough to only remove the "smoking expression" in Tencent QQ on the mobile phone, because the number of users of WeChat is also very large. I hope that WeChat and Tencent QQ on the computer can also be removed as soon as possible.

　　Wechat can report illegal smoking behavior

　　Up to now, many cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Hangzhou have formulated local tobacco control laws, and Beijing and Shanghai have clearly stipulated that smoking is prohibited in indoor public places, indoor workplaces and public transport.

　　Using the mobile Internet, it is easier to supervise illegal smoking.

　　The reporter noticed that the "tobacco control complaint" in WeChat "City Service" can report illegal smoking behavior, and the complainant needs to fill in the contents of the complained unit, place and illegal behavior in detail.

　　Zhang Jianshu said that taking Beijing as an example, through the above channels, there are nearly 1,000 complaints every month. After receiving complaints, tobacco control volunteers will go to dissuade or help with rectification. (End)

　　The Labor Contract Law, which was implemented on July 1, 2013, strengthened the control of labor dispatch by law. On January 26, 2014, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security promulgated the Interim Provisions on Labor Dispatch (implemented on March 1, 2014), which not only further clarified the three characteristics of "temporality, assistance and substitutability", but also controlled the total amount of labor dispatched by employers within 10%. In order to circumvent the provisions of the Labor Contract Law, many labor dispatch units have adjusted their business and changed the original labor dispatch agreement into an outsourcing agreement. In addition, some non-labor dispatch companies have signed outsourcing agreements with other companies, such as security outsourcing agreements between security companies and enterprises. In practice, some outsourced workers and dispatched workers are easily confused. Article 27 of the Interim Provisions on Labor Dispatch stipulates that if an employer uses laborers in the form of labor dispatch in the name of contracting or outsourcing, it shall be handled according to these provisions. This raises the question: what is the criterion for judging the employment of labor dispatch?

　　First, the essence of labor dispatching employment relationship

　　Before the implementation of China’s Labor Contract Law, labor dispatch was often regarded as the behavior of labor dispatch units providing labor services to employers. Employers only had a civil contract relationship with labor dispatch units and had nothing to do with dispatched workers, so they did not need to bear any responsibilities. In fact, the special feature of labor dispatch is that the dispatched workers must assign tasks and supervise and direct them within the organization of the employer, and their work is an integral part of the employer’s business work, and "command" is the fundamental symbol of the "subordination" of labor relations. This is also an important reason why people argue about "who is the employer of the dispatched workers". It can be said that in labor dispatch, the labor dispatch unit does not provide labor service behavior, but temporarily gives its employees to the employer for a certain period of time. The object of dispatch is "laborer or its implied labor force", and the dispatched laborer provides "subordinate labor" for the employer, rather than civil service behavior. The essence of labor dispatch is the separation of traditional employer functions, that is, "employment" and "use" belong to different subjects respectively. The labor dispatch relationship forms a "triangle relationship" because of the existence of the three parties.

　　Triangular relationship is not uncommon in the form of labor employment. In addition to the dispatch of workers by labor dispatch agencies that hire workers specifically for the purpose of dispatch in this paper, there are other forms, such as secondment contracts. These triangular relationships involve three parties, and there will be some problems in practice, but they are not normal, only happen occasionally and are short-term, so it is easy to define employers and allocate rights and obligations, and will not affect the interests of workers too much. The formation of some triangular relationships, such as the so-called labor dispatch relationship in this paper, the purpose of the labor dispatch unit is to provide labor for the employer, and the realization of the labor process is more closely related to the employer. It seems unreasonable to completely exclude the employer’s employment obligations, and there will naturally be disputes over the employer’s responsibility. In order to better understand labor dispatch, it is necessary to analyze the legal attributes of the triangular structure formed by labor dispatch:

　　(1) A civil contractual relationship is formed between the labor dispatch unit and the employing unit based on the labor dispatch agreement.

　　The labor dispatch agreement is essentially a labor lease agreement, that is, the labor dispatch unit rents its hired workers to the employing unit for use with compensation through the dispatch agreement, and obtains a certain profit, and the employing unit obtains a certain claim for the use of labor by paying a certain rent.

　　(2) Labor relations are formed between labor dispatch units and dispatched workers based on labor contracts.

　　The purpose of employing workers by labor dispatch units is not for their own use, but to meet the needs of employers. Based on the purpose of labor contract in labor dispatch to provide labor for the third party, some people think that labor contract in labor dispatch is an altruistic contract, and the opinions on altruistic contract are divided into non-real altruistic contract and real altruistic contract. In the former, the employing unit, as the third beneficiary, basically has no right to directly pay for the labor services of the dispatched workers. In the latter case, the employing unit has an independent and primitive claim for labor services to the dispatched workers. This argument has no practical significance in our country, and there is still doubt whether the current legislation in our country is beneficial to the provisions of other contracts. Judging from the main purpose of concluding a labor contract between the labor dispatch unit and the dispatched worker, it is not a contract for a third party. Labor contracts are only the basis for establishing labor relations between dispatched institutions and dispatched workers. Due to the existence of the labor contract, the labor dispatch unit becomes the employer and enjoys the complete functions of the employer. Labor dispatch units send laborers to employers to provide labor for them, which is the performance of dispatching units as employers to exercise labor control. The dispatched workers are also fulfilling their labor payment obligations to the employer by providing labor for the employer. Therefore, a labor contract does not directly involve a third party and cannot be regarded as an altruistic contract.

　　(3) The employing unit obtains the right to claim the labor service of the dispatched workers based on the labor dispatch agreement, and the relationship between the employed and the employed is formed due to the actual use behavior.

　　The dispatching unit sends the workers to the employing unit through the dispatching agreement to complete the dispatching task. In order to realize the right of labor payment, the employer must manage and dominate the dispatched workers in the process of labor. The employment of labor dispatch units and the direct use of employers constitute a complete labor relationship in the traditional sense, so employers should fulfill their employment obligations and responsibilities. Articles 62, 63, 64 and 92 of the Labor Contract Law clearly stipulate the employment obligations and responsibilities of the dispatched units.

　　 Second, the nature of labor outsourcing employment relations

　　According to the Interim Provisions on Labor Dispatch, the legal liability for the excessive use of dispatch is an administrative penalty of "imposing a fine at a rate of 5,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan per person". In order to circumvent the law, employers often choose to change the actual labor dispatch to contracting and outsourcing through written contracts. Labor dispatch is still an important employment method in China. At the same time, in the outsourcing relationship, the business outsourcer is responsible for hiring people and taking all the employment risks, and the employer only needs to pay the price of the product, and no longer undertakes the obligations of safety protection management in the employment process, let alone joint and several liability. This kind of fake contracting and outsourcing can make the real labor dispatching employer completely pass on the employer’s responsibility. Although the revised Labor Contract Law has added administrative examination and approval procedures and increased the registered capital of dispatching units, the dispatching companies of leather bag companies still exist in China. In order to avoid the failure of the legislative purpose of the Labor Contract Law, Article 27 of the Interim Provisions on Labor Dispatch establishes the basic principle of "emphasizing substance over form" in judging the employment of labor dispatch. The written contract is only one of the evidences of labor dispatch and employment, and it is not the key evidence, and the substantive judgment of the nature of employment relationship is the key. It is necessary to analyze and compare labor dispatch and labor outsourcing, and sort out some specific rules for examining labor dispatch, so as to make Article 27 of the Interim Provisions on Labor Dispatch operable.

　　At present, only Article 36 of the Regulations on Labor Contracts in Jiangsu Province (revised in 2013) makes a distinction between labor dispatch and outsourcing. Paragraph 3 of this article stipulates that "if an enterprise contracts out its business to other units, but the workers of the contractor use the facilities and equipment of the enterprise in the production and business premises of the enterprise, provide labor according to the arrangement of the enterprise, or provide labor in the name of the enterprise, and other labor outsourcing is actually labor dispatch, the number of workers shall be included in the proportion calculation specified in the preceding paragraph." According to this regulation, the specific criteria for distinguishing labor dispatch and business outsourcing in Jiangsu Province should be: (1) whether to use the facilities and equipment of enterprises in their production and business premises; (2) Whether to provide labor according to the arrangement of the enterprise or in the name of the enterprise. In practice, there are problems with this criterion. For example, some professional outsourcing, such as software development outsourcing of some modules, in order to meet the overall requirements of the outsourcing unit, the contractor sends professional software developers to work in the contracting unit, uses the computer and other equipment of the contracting unit, and accepts the supervision of the contracting unit. The dispatched personnel are obliged to accept the instructions of the contracting unit to adjust and modify the software according to the outsourcing contract. It is really controversial if this kind of software outsourcing is regarded as labor dispatch. For example, the hospital’s cleaning outsourcing, the cleaning staff is employed by the cleaning company, and the cleaning company sends the hired cleaning staff to the hospital according to the outsourcing contract. The cleaning contract stipulates that the cleaning company sends cleaning staff to provide cleaning work according to the requirements of the employer. Does this constitute the provision of labor by the hospital? Worth considering.

　　Some people think that outsourcing means that a public institution hands over some of its work to a contracting company for execution, and the contracting company assigns the hired workers to handle the contracted work. There are also views that labor outsourcing, or business outsourcing, service outsourcing, resource outsourcing, etc., refers to enterprises outsourcing some non-core and auxiliary functions or services to external specialized manufacturers based on contracts, and using their expertise and advantages to improve the overall efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. From the concept and operation mode of outsourcing, outsourcing is similar to contracting. According to the provisions of the Contract Law, a contract is a contract in which the contractor completes the work according to the requirements of the ordering party, delivers the work results, and the ordering party pays the remuneration. The contractor shall use its own equipment, technology and labor to complete the main work, unless otherwise agreed by the parties. Outsourcing is in accordance with the requirements of the employer, the contractor employs workers to deliver the work results, and the employer pays the consideration for the work results. Formally, the labor outsourcing relationship also involves the employer, the contractor and the laborer, but its legal attribute is fundamentally different from the labor dispatch relationship, and the labor relationship is not divided, but there is a triangular relationship between the contractor and the hired laborer. The labor outsourcing relationship is as follows:

　　(1) The employer and the contractor form a civil contractual relationship based on the outsourcing contract.

　　The employer and the contractor agree to deliver certain work of the employer to the contractor for completion, and the employer will pay the contractor certain remuneration. The contractor delivers the work results, and the employer pays the remuneration for the work results that meet the contract.

　　(two) the contractor and the employee based on the labor contract to form a labor relationship

　　The contractor not only employs laborers, but also directly uses laborers. The performance is that the workers are managed and dominated by the contractor and accept the contractor’s assignment to provide labor services for the employer in the name of the contractor. The employer cannot directly manage and dominate the contractor’s workers.

　　Third, the determination of the specific criteria for judging the employment of labor dispatch

　　The labor dispatch relationship is the result of artificial division of labor relations, that is, the labor dispatch unit employs but does not use it, and the employer uses but does not employ it, while the traditional labor relationship is "employment and use relationship". In the labor dispatch relationship, the employing unit must have the right to use the dispatched workers, which is manifested as the right of management control. There is no division of labor relations in labor outsourcing, and the relationship between contractors and workers is employment and use, which shows that contractors manage and dominate the workers they employ to complete the work delivered by the employer. However, based on the actual needs, it may not be possible to rule out the situation that the workers employed by the contractor enter the contracting unit and are jointly commanded by the contracting party with the workers of the contracting unit. Under this situation, it is quite difficult to identify labor dispatch. Therefore, the core and key distinguishing standard between labor dispatch and labor outsourcing lies in the judgment of management right. Specifically, labor dispatch should meet the following requirements:

　　(1) The dispatching company does not directly use the laborers it employs, but the employing unit directly uses them.

　　When judging whether this requirement is met, there are the following specific identification criteria: (1) The employer directly directs or manages the work of the dispatched workers within the scope of the dispatch agreement, such as directly arranging the work of the dispatched workers, and the dispatched workers accept the instructions of the employer; (2) Working hours and other matters shall be directed or managed by the employing unit; (3) The employer shall provide the dispatched workers with necessary training for their jobs: (4) The dispatched workers shall abide by the rules and regulations of the employer, such as the system of punching in at work, etc. (5) the right to punish the dispatched workers in accordance with the rules and regulations necessary to maintain the order of the enterprise. However, the employer is not the employer of the dispatched workers, and there is no labor contract relationship between the employer and the dispatched workers, and there is no obligation to pay the wages of the dispatched workers. Therefore, the disciplinary power should be limited. Disciplinary powers such as dismissal, salary reduction and fines that affect the nature of labor contracts should be excluded from the disciplinary rights of employers. Article 65 of China’s "Labor Contract Law" clearly stipulates that the employing unit has only the right to quit work but not the right to dismiss.

　　(2) The work that the dispatched workers are engaged in is the business composition of the employing unit rather than the dispatching company’s own business.

　　Labor dispatch is only a pure labor supply, and there is no production and operation business, which is reflected in the business scope registered by labor dispatch units. The dispatched workers are sent to the employing units to engage in the production and business operations of the employing units. The criteria are as follows: (1) All the funds needed for the dispatched workers to engage in production and business operations shall be borne by the employing units; (2) The dispatching unit only supplies labor; (3) The employing unit bears the risks of production and operation, and the dispatching unit only bears the risks and responsibilities of labor supply according to the dispatching agreement; (4) The employing unit shall bear the supply of machinery and materials needed to complete the business; (5) The employing unit shall organize the dispatched workers to complete the business according to their own technology and experience and the enterprise plan.

　　?Beijing’s social security process

　　1. Use IE browser to log on to Beijing social insurance online service platform. Click Company Business-Login.

　　■ Units with electronic certificates within the validity period can log in with certificates.

　　■ Units with electronic business licenses can use the electronic business license to scan the QR code to log in.

　　2. After the login is successful, click on the [Declaration Business]-[New Insured Registration Declaration] on the left.

　　3. Enter the ID number and name, select the certificate type and then click [OK] to enter the new insured registration page, and enter the basic information of the new insured (the blue item is required).

　　Note: If the following prompt pops up, you need to fill in the employee’s labor contract (labor dispatch agreement) and other related information.

　　Select Employee Type in the labor contract information registration area and enter the labor contract related information.

　　4. Click "Browse" to select the electronic photos of the insured and upload them.

　　【 Precautions 】 When browsing and uploading the electronic photos of the insured, the name of the insured must be entered first, otherwise the electronic photos cannot be imported.

　　Electronic photos used to make social security cards should meet the format requirements: my recent one-inch, front, bareheaded, color, white background, and the color contrast between clothes and background is large, jpg format, width: 358 pixels, height: 441 pixels; The file is not less than 9KB and not more than 20KB.

　　As shown in the figure below, the electronic photo of the insured person is displayed, which means that the upload is successful:

　　5. After the basic information is entered, click Save or Submit.

　　6. Confirm the submission of new insured information, and then click the [Confirm Submit] button to declare.

　　7. Check the real-time declaration results, and the feedback of successful declaration is shown in the figure below. After the registration and declaration of the new insured is successful, click the link below to download and print the Certificate of Getting a New and Supplementary (Replacement) Social Security Card and distribute it to employees. The unit does not have to go to the social security agency window for review.

　　The above source is: Shijingshan District People’s Government of Beijing.

　　?Does Beijing Social Security Card need to be activated after receiving it?

　　A:Need.Take the card to the designated hospital with card settlement, and the medical insurance function can be activated after the first successful use. The social security card with financial function needs to be activated at any business outlet of Bank of Beijing.

　　?Recommended reading:

　　> > Can Beijing children get a social security card?

　　> > how to pay social security in Beijing?

　　> > Can Beijing Social Security Card Issuing Bank be replaced?

First, preface: 229 yuan! Give consideration to design and performance

In recent years, the popularity of the Internet is really staggering. Not only wireless network, but also the development of home fixed network is almost by leaps and bounds.

When I was in middle school, I still used dial-up Internet access at home. At that time, it took me an hour and a half to download Crossing the Fire Line with less than 1GB. Look at today, even the average family, the broadband speed is above 100M, and it can be satisfied to have 300M or 500M m.

At the same time, the speed-up and fee-reduction of fixed-line network has promoted the development of router industry. Nowadays, almost all mobile phone manufacturers are involved in the router industry, among which Xiaomi router is the largest and the earliest one.

When I was in college a few years ago, I used a certain route of Xiaomi in my dormitory. However, although Xiaomi mobile phone was very hot at that time, the attention of router accessories was not very high because the Mijia ecological chain had not yet appeared.

Today, the author took a look at an online mall. Xiaomi has sold more than 1 million routers, and the sales of other routers are also hundreds of thousands.

With such a large volume and so many years of technical accumulation, Xiaomi is no longer constrained by the traditional router development model, and some recent routing products basically bring some creativity and new ideas in function or appearance.

For example, Xiaomi Routing Mesh released at the beginning of this year can realize 3-channel hybrid networking of 2.4G WiFi, 5G WiFi and power line. Another example is Xiaomi Router HD, which is designed with all-metal body and equipped with 1TB HD streaming media hard disk.

Of course, due to the positioning of these two products, the price is not acceptable to all consumers (1299 yuan /999 yuan). Perhaps it is in view of this situation that the product we want to evaluate today — — Xiaomi router AC2100.

It is worth noting that its price is only 229 yuan, so what will happen to Xiaomi router AC2100? Let’s start today’s evaluation.

Second, appearance: minimalist cylindrical design, ventilation and super heat dissipation.

↑ ↑ ↑ Xiaomi routing AC2100 packaging box

↑ ↑ ↑ The specific information of the router is printed on the box.

↑ ↑ ↑ Xiaomi routing AC2100 fuselage front, using a minimalist design.

If you look closely, you can see that there are two indicator lights at the lower slot, namely the network status light and the system indicator light.

The black cylindrical shape gives people a heavy feeling, but it feels completely different in the hand. The whole plastic material makes its actual weight only 620 grams. Because there is a gap inside the router, the shell of the router will hear the empty echo when it is knocked.

↑ ↑ ↑On the back of the router, from top to bottom, there are four network cable sockets, power interface and reset key respectively.

There is only a minimalist Xiaomi Logo on the top of the router, and there is a circle of cooling holes on the periphery.

The cooling holes at the bottom echo with the top to form a chimney-type heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation efficiency will be higher by going straight up and down. In addition, the gray circle at the center is non-slip rubber.

↑ ↑ ↑ Fuselage details

Xiaomi routing AC2100 also comes with a gigabit network cable, which is very conscience.

↑ ↑ ↑ The standard power adapter of the router has an output of 12V/1A.

Third, signal strength: 200㎡ super-large space full coverage.

Xiaomi router AC2100 does not display the two signal bands of 2.4GHz and 5GHz by default like most routers now, but displays them separately. (as shown below)

After the router network is set up, it will provide two frequency bands, 2.4GHz and 5GHz, and mobile phones can be connected separately.

The advantage of this is that the two do not interfere with each other. When connected to 2.4GHz, the wall penetration performance is better and the coverage is farther; When connecting the 5GHz band, under the 802.11ac technology, the interference will be smaller and the speed will be higher, which is suitable for watching high-definition videos and playing large games.

If you are used to the combined display of 2.4GHz and 5GHz, the dual-frequency terminal can automatically select the optimal frequency band, and this function can be turned on in the Wed management background.

— — Signal strength test

In daily use of wireless routers, we pay most attention to the signal strength, which directly determines the user’s experience.

We usually use Wi-Fi at home. Under normal circumstances, the signal strength is 60dBm to 80dBm, which can meet the daily use of surfing the Internet and browsing video music. It can be stable above 60dBm, and there are few jams when playing games.

When large files need to be transferred, the requirements are slightly higher, and the dBm value should be above 40.

We tested the signal strength of Xiaomi routing AC2100 this time, which imitated the daily home environment. The wireless router was placed next to the TV in the living room, and three rooms with different distances were selected as test locations.

Here, the author chooses a house of about 100 square meters and a Xiaomi MIX3 as the Wi-Fi signal testing equipment.

↑ ↑ ↑ Schematic diagram of house type, with points A, B and C as test positions.

Let’s look at the test results:

The above picture shows the signal strength measured by Xiaomi MIX3 at positions A, B and C respectively.

The average signal strength of test point A is -23dBm, and the WiFi connection rate is stable.

The average signal strength at point B is -48dBm, and the signal is weakened by one grid.

The average signal strength at point C is -68dBm, and there is one grid of WiFi signal.

Judging from the test data of the above three points, the test range of 100㎡ in the author’s home is obviously not enough. After all, Xiaomi AC2100 mainly focuses on the large apartment of 200㎡!

After that, the author chose the further elevator D. At this time, the mobile phone began to choose to connect to the 2.4GHz band. Under the 2.4GHz network, the average signal strength measured here is acceptable, which is -70dBm, but the average delay is over 300ms, so it is absolutely impossible to play games at this distance.

— — Transmission rate test

For a router, in addition to signal strength and coverage, transmission rate is also an important link that has to be considered.

In order to have a deeper understanding of the transmission rate of Xiaomi routing AC2100, the author still tests under the same test link and conditions.

The test software is "Speedtest", which is a professional APP for testing the signal transmission speed on mobile phones. It can detect and calculate the download speed and upload speed.

From the test results of our 300M Unicom broadband, the actual download speed reached 332Mbps and the upload speed reached 33.4Mbps without partition, and the best performance of my home routing was basically the same.

At point C, which separates the two walls, its download speed can still be maintained at 169Mbps.

Judging from the actual test results, Xiaomi routing AC2100′ s wall penetration ability and network effect are satisfactory. According to the official data, Xiaomi Routing AC2100 can connect up to 128 devices, so in addition to family use, small and micro enterprises with more members can fully meet the demand.

V. Power consumption test: the peak value does not exceed 5W, and the power consumption lasts for ten days!

Although the power consumption of routers can’t be compared with that of household appliances, we hardly choose to turn it off in daily life, and the accumulated power consumption can’t be underestimated.

We tested the Xiaomi routing AC2100 with a power consumption tester. When four mobile phones are connected, the power consumption of Xiaomi routing AC2100 is about 4.7W.

According to the full-load power conversion of 4.7W, it takes 213 hours, or about 9 days, for Xiaomi to consume one degree of electricity through AC2100. That is to say, under the condition of full load for 24 hours, 1 degree of electricity can be used for nearly 10 days.

Sixth, summary: 100 yuan to 1,000 yuan high school low price full coverage.

All students who have used Xiaomi routing know that one of the advantages of Xiaomi routing is the linkage with Xiaomi smart home devices.

We have also said that many people, even if they are not Xiaomi mobile phone users, must have used the products of Mijia Eco-chain more or less. Just like the author, unconsciously, there are not only Mijia electric toothbrush at home, but also Mijia weighing scale, smart desk lamp, and so on.

Usually, mobile phones are often used to manipulate these devices. In the past few days, when using Xiaomi to route AC2100, the author also found a very useful small function, that is, when modifying the WiFi password through Xiaomi WIFI APP, the router will automatically synchronize to Xiaomi smart home devices at home. Although this function sounds simple, it is absolutely necessary for students who have multiple Xiaomi smart devices at home.

Xiaomi routing AC2100 also has some practical functions, such as Netease UU accelerator, anti-rubbing network, red envelope Wi-Fi, etc. We have seen most of them before, so I won’t repeat them here.

— — finally

When evaluating millet products, especially non-mobile phone products, we can’t avoid the price.

The price of Xiaomi router AC2100 is 229 yuan, and its positioning is closer to that of Xiaomi router Pro(449 yuan), both of which are advanced routers with high cost performance, taking into account avant-garde design and good performance.

The significance of the sale of Xiaomi router AC2100 is that Xiaomi router has completed the full coverage of high, medium and low prices from less than 100 yuan to more than 1,000 yuan.

If you want to choose an entry-level router, 59 yuan Xiaomi router 4C and 99 yuan Xiaomi router 4A can be selected.

If you have a big room at home, you can choose 999 yuan Xiaomi router Mesh or 1299 yuan Xiaomi router HD, with exquisite shell and super performance. Friends who have special needs for network storage will definitely like it.

Original Guan Ying Zhang Peng Du Dapeng Fiona Fang

Image source: photo network

This article is the original manuscript of Fiona Fang magazine.

Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited.

He looks unremarkable, dark-skinned, lean, and doesn’t talk much. He looks older than his actual age and doesn’t look like a "post-80 s", but when he talks about acrobatics, he seems to be a different person, and his words suddenly increase, and his eyes suddenly have light.

This is the prosecutor’s first impression of Yan Youlu. Based on this impression, it is really hard to imagine that he is a criminal suspect who illegally organized a number of foreigners to sneak into China for acrobatic training and performance. However, with the in-depth handling of the case, the prosecutor found that the reason why Yan Youlu embarked on the road of crime was not only related to his personal and family, but also to the inheritance of the whole Qiuqiao acrobatics.

The bitter life of acrobatics

In June 2021, the police in Huai ‘an District, Huai ‘an City, Jiangsu Province found that there were some unidentified foreigners in the acrobatic troupe on Yanyou Road, Crystal Village, Boli Town. Soon, Yan Youlu took the initiative to surrender.

Yan Youlu was born in Yan Jiaban, a well-known acrobatic family in Qiuqiao Town, Huai ‘an District. His father and grandfather are both in this line of work. Yan Youlu has been practicing kungfu with his parents since he was five years old, and began to perform on stage at the age of seven. In order to concentrate on practicing kungfu, he dropped out of primary school in the first grade. At that time, Yan Youlu always suffered from acrobatics, regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter, even if he was physically injured, he persisted.

In an aerial training, Yan Youyou fell from a height of several meters and almost died. Until now, he still has an old scar several centimeters long on his neck.

When Yan Right’s father talked about this son, he couldn’t help but shed tears. He always said that Yan Right was so bitter step by step. Under the strict discipline of the family, Yan Youlu, who is quite talented in acrobatics, has gradually become the pillar of the acrobatic troupe. He performed with the acrobatic troupe all over the country and earned a hard money.

Recalling the previous experience of crisscrossing, Yan Youlu’s face showed a rare smile.

He proudly said: "At that time, most people went out by boat. As soon as the ship landed, we found a place with props on our backs, simply set up a shelf, knocked a few gongs and began to perform. After the end, the audience didn’t want to leave. "

In June 2007, Yan Youlu, who was in his early twenties, officially took over the acrobatic troupe from his father, became the head of the acrobatic troupe, and became the fourth generation of acrobatic descendants in the family. In December 2018, Yan Youlu was named as the acrobatic inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage project in Huai ‘an District.

Go abroad to recruit students.

In 2014, Yan Youlu’s colleague friend said that he had a relative who made a lot of money performing acrobatics in Myanmar. Yan Youlu, who was worried about the survival of the acrobatic industry, was very excited and had a bold idea.

At that time, the domestic acrobatic market was not very prosperous, and it was difficult to recruit acrobatic apprentices and inherit them all over the country. All acrobatic troupes were faced with the dilemma of no successor, and the existing acrobats were older. Especially in recent years, parents pay more attention to culture and education, and are reluctant to send their children to learn acrobatics. It is difficult for acrobatic troupes around the country to recruit young students to inherit their skills. In this way, acrobatic talents will inevitably be cut off, and the acrobatic troupe will face the risk of bankruptcy and dissolution. It is in the face of such a dilemma that Yan Youlu made up his mind to rush to Myanmar.

In August 2014, when Yan Youlu performed for the first time in Myanmar, he was warmly welcomed by the local people and attracted the attention of the local government. The local government quickly sent an invitation letter to Yan Youlu. The local government wants to cultivate local acrobatic talents, and Yan Youlu urgently needs young acrobatic students to support the acrobatic troupe and continue the acrobatic inheritance.

In October 2014, the two sides signed a contract for win-win cooperation. The local government recommended students aged 12 to 16, and Yan Youlu trained them to learn acrobatic skills. Soon, considering the limited local training conditions, Yan Youlu decided to take these students to Qiuqiao’s hometown, but the problem is, how to bring so many students back to China from Myanmar? Due to the special location of the China-Myanmar border, it is close to Yunnan, China, and the practice of smuggling is more common in the local area. Yan Youlu, who has a weak legal consciousness, is lucky.

Since 2016, Yan Youlu has smuggled 18 young students into the mainland from the Yunnan border without going through any entry and exit formalities. He also cooperated with other acrobatic troupes to introduce some students to acrobatic troupes in Shanxi, Henan and Sichuan.

In the investigation stage, Huai ‘an District Procuratorate intervened in the case in advance. In October 2022, the Huai ‘an District Procuratorate filed a public prosecution in the Huai ‘an District Court. With the efforts of the procuratorate, Yan Youlu returned all the illegal income of 500,000 yuan. Considering the circumstances of Yan Youlu’s surrender and voluntary confession and punishment, the prosecutor put forward sentencing suggestions for Yan Youlu to reduce the punishment.

On April 3, 2023, Huai ‘an District Court sentenced the defendant Yan Youlu to three years’ imprisonment, suspended for five years, and fined him 110,000 yuan for organizing others to cross the country (border) and stealing the country (border).

Promote the rescue work of Qiuqiao acrobatics

In handling the case, the dilemma of Qiuqiao acrobatics also attracted the attention of the procuratorate. The prosecutor felt that behind Yan’s right-wing crime, not only was his personal legal consciousness indifferent, but the occurrence of this case also had a certain relationship with the acrobatic inheritance dilemma including Qiuqiao Acrobatics.

Wuqiao in the north and Qiuqiao in the south. Qiuqiao acrobatics was born in the late 19th century. In the 1970s, Qiuqiao Acrobatics was founded and developed by Yan Youlu’s grandfather. From the beginning, a few people pushed carts around the streets, to the peak, Qiuqiao Acrobatics developed more than 50 performance groups, with more than 1,500 employees, more than 200 animals such as horses, tigers and lions, and more than 600 kinds of performances.

Their large-scale acrobatic programs have won many awards, and they have also gone abroad and become famous overseas. In 2008, Qiuqiao Town was named the "Hometown of Folk Culture and Art in China" by the then Ministry of Culture. In September 2014, Huai ‘an District was named "China Acrobatics Town" by China Acrobatics Association.

However, the glory of Qiuqiao acrobatics has finally become a thing of the past, and the development of acrobatic industry is shrinking day by day in the generation of Yan Right.

Especially in recent years, there are fewer opportunities for acrobatic performances. In order to survive, acrobats either start a sideline or change careers. Of course, the most deadly thing is that the acrobatic troupe, including Qiuqiao Acrobatics, has been unable to recruit young apprentices for many years. In September 2022, when the prosecutor came to Qiuqiao for an investigation and visit, the survival of the acrobatic troupe was already very difficult. The difficult problem faced by Yan Youlu Acrobatic Troupe is also the dilemma that the whole Qiuqiao Acrobatics cannot solve.

During the handling of this case, prosecutors have done a lot of extra-case investigation work, and realized that the acrobatic industry is not easy to survive. They also urgently hope that through handling cases and performing their duties, they can unite the efforts of social governance, promote government departments to do good deeds, contribute to the inheritance and development of Qiuqiao Acrobatics, fulfill their procuratorial responsibilities for protecting cultural diversity and cultural brands with local characteristics, and find the optimal solution for handling cases.

On October 14, 2022, Huai ‘an District Procuratorate wrote a research report on the development status of acrobatic industry in this area and submitted it to Huai ‘an District Committee and District Government, which received the attention and instructions of the district party secretary. On October 19, 2022, Huai ‘an District Procuratorate issued a procuratorial proposal to Huai ‘an District Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism Bureau, suggesting that Qiuqiao Acrobatics should be comprehensively counted as soon as possible and a database of Huai ‘an Acrobatics and Acrobatics Culture should be established. Actively seek special assistance funds; Introduce a mechanism to promote Qiuqiao acrobatics into the campus, coordinate tourism resources, and expand the performance opportunities of acrobatic groups; Strengthen support, allocate special funds, build acrobatic training and performance bases, and support and encourage and commend acrobatic innovative talents and projects; Organize and hold Huai ‘an Acrobatic Culture Festival and Acrobatic Performance Competition regularly to enhance the popularity of Qiuqiao Acrobatics.

On October 25, 2022, Huai ‘an District Procuratorate promoted the Propaganda Department of Huai ‘an District Committee to hold a symposium on the inheritance and development of Qiuqiao Acrobatics. Representatives from Huai ‘an Cultural and Broadcasting Tourism Bureau, Education and Sports Bureau, Boli Town Government and Huai ‘an Acrobatics Association discussed ideas and measures to help Qiuqiao Acrobatics innovate and develop continuously. With the joint efforts of all departments, Qiuqiao Acrobatics has entered local primary and secondary schools. Simple and easy-to-learn basic acrobatics will be included in the curriculum of campus interest classes, so that interested students can feel the charm of traditional culture from an early age.

(The people involved in the article are all pseudonyms. This article has been deleted. For more details, please pay attention to the last issue of Fiona Fang in August)

The original title of this magazine: "Acrobatic inheritors commit crimes, where will this go?"

Editor Su Chen Wang Li Design Liu Yan

Procuratorial Daily reporter Guan Guanying

Correspondent Zhang Peng Du Dapeng

Wonderful in the past

Original title: "18 people sneaked into the country from Myanmar! The reason behind it is not simple … "

Read the original text

Nowadays, consumers pay more and more attention to space when buying a car, which is worth mentioning in terms of space performance. Now let’s follow Xiaobian to see what it has done.

First of all, from the appearance, the front face of Cadillac CT4 looks simple and generous, and with the lattice grille, it looks more stable. At the same time, the headlights present an atmospheric design style, which can win the love of young people. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4760 mm * 1815 mm * 1428 mm. The car adopts dignified lines, which gives people a very solid feeling. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very dynamic feeling. At the rear of the car, the rear of the car echoes the front of the car. The taillights give people a very simple feeling, and the unique exhaust pipe creates a good atmosphere.

Sitting in the car, Cadillac CT4 interior looks clean and avant-garde personality. With a three-spoke steering wheel, it is equipped with the functions of manual steering wheel up and down+front and rear adjustment, etc., and the palm fit is very high. Take a look at the central control, and with the 8-inch touch-sensitive LCD central control screen, the interior style is impressive and looks very cute. The dashboard and seats give people a good feeling, too. Let’s take a look. The car is equipped with a comfortable dashboard, and its shape has taken the sports route. The car uses leather seats, equipped with functions such as electric adjustment of auxiliary seat, electric adjustment of seat with memory, and seat proportion tilting, which has good support and comfort.

Cadillac CT4 is matched with automatic manual transmission (AT) gearbox, with an acceleration time of 6.9s per 100km, which has good power performance and is completely OK for daily use.

Cadillac CT4 is spacious in the back row, with a certain amount of headroom in the head and legs, which can be said to be more than enough for daily household use. In addition, the car is equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS), LED daytime running lights, brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD), traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), main driving airbag, co-pilot airbag, side airbag curtain, front side airbag and other safety configurations.

What’s your main impression of this car after reading the whole article? The model class introduced today is the most considered class when many people buy their first car, mainly because the size of this class is moderate and the price is reasonable.

Reporter Fu Chang and intern Ren Yawen report that the last day of February every year is "International Day of Rare Diseases". On February 23rd, the Rare Diseases Branch of Guangdong Medical Association held the 2019 "International Rare Diseases Day" charity clinic in Guangzhou Hero Square. Experts said that many patients with rare diseases still face problems such as high drug costs, and the public lacks sufficient understanding of rare diseases, calling on the society to pay more attention.

Parents’ voice of children with rare diseases: it is difficult to seek medical treatment and the medicine cost is expensive.

On the morning of the 23rd, there was a light rain in Guangzhou. Although the weather is not beautiful, there are still crowds in front of the charity clinic booth in Hero Square. Many parents came to consult with their children. They frowned slightly and pulled the doctor to ask various questions, as if they had caught the "life-saving straw". In the crowd, the reporter met Mr. Deng and his 4-year-old daughter Jia Jia (a pseudonym).

Mr. Deng told reporters that it was accidental that Jia Jia was diagnosed with a rare disease. "One day, I found that Jia Jia kept blinking when playing with her mobile phone. We thought she had an eye problem, so we quickly took her to the community hospital to see a doctor." He said that as a result, after repeated examinations, ophthalmologists could do nothing about Jiajia’s illness and could not tell why. Seeing that Jia Jia’s symptoms became more and more obvious, Mr. Deng and his wife asked around and visited experts. After many referrals, in November 2017, Jia Jia was finally diagnosed with mucopolysaccharide storage disease in Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center.

It is understood that mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a rare disease with congenital metabolic abnormality, with an incidence rate of about one in 100,000. Because of the lack of lysosomal enzymes, patients can’t decompose mucopolysaccharides in the body. The accumulated mucopolysaccharides will affect the normal function of cells and destroy many organs of the body such as brain, heart valve, lung and bone. On May 11, 2018, the National Health and Wellness Committee and other five departments jointly formulated the "First List of Rare Diseases", and mucopolysaccharide storage disease was also included.　

Jia Jia, who was diagnosed with this disease, is undoubtedly unfortunate, but compared with other children with mucopolysaccharidosis, Jia Jia may be lucky. Because at the time of diagnosis, Jia Jia’s mother had been pregnant for 30 weeks with her second child, and worried that the second baby would get sick, she immediately went to the hospital for a umbilical cord blood puncture. After confirming the health of the fetus, Jia Jia and her unborn sister were successfully matched, and a bone marrow transplant was successfully performed after her mother gave birth.

"Because of early diagnosis and early treatment, Jia Jia’s current height and intellectual development are normal." Mr. Deng said that in order to help his daughter with treatment, he had previously joined a group of patients with mucopolysaccharide storage disease, many of whom were still struggling on the road of seeking medical treatment and even took many detours. "As far as I know, the average diagnosis time of patients with rare diseases is 7 years, which often misses the ideal treatment period." Mr. Deng said. The reporter also saw at the scene that some children around the age of 10 are only 1 meter tall and have obvious abnormal physical characteristics.

The reporter learned that for the treatment of mucopolysaccharide storage disease, in addition to the bone marrow transplantation surgery accepted by Jia Jia, some experts also proposed gene therapy and enzyme replacement therapy. The former is still in the state of research and development, while the latter refers to the artificial production of enzymes that patients lack and intravenous injection into patients. However, at present, this therapy has not entered the domestic market, and the drug price is expensive, with an annual cost of up to 2 million yuan, which requires lifelong medication. Without the support of medical insurance, ordinary families simply cannot afford it.

Experts appeal: Rare diseases need attention from all walks of life.

It is reported that the World Health Organization (WHO) defines rare diseases as diseases with an incidence of 0.65-1‰, and there are currently about 7,000-8,000 species in the world. "However, due to the large population base in China, rare diseases are not uncommon in terms of the number of patients." Liu Li, chairman of the Rare Diseases Branch of Guangdong Medical Association and chief physician of the Department of Genetics and Endocrinology of Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, said. On the occasion of the International Day of Rare Diseases, Liu Li hopes to raise the social attention of rare diseases through public welfare clinics.

She introduced that one of the difficulties in the diagnosis of rare diseases lies in parents’ insufficient understanding of rare diseases. "In real life, a sick child has not been diagnosed and other sick children have been born. This kind of thing often happens." She said that 70%-80% of rare diseases are hereditary diseases, and 70%-80% of rare diseases occur in childhood. Liu Li suggested that parents should have a clear understanding of their children’s development and pay attention to their abnormal conditions in time. If there have been rare cases in the family, prenatal diagnosis must be made before giving birth.

"Rare diseases are rare, doctors who can diagnose rare diseases are even rarer, and drugs that can treat rare diseases are even rarer." This is the true voice of parents of children such as Mr. Deng. Liu Li said that for this reason, the Rare Diseases Branch of Guangdong Medical Association goes to remote places to give academic lectures every year, so that grassroots doctors can understand rare diseases. When patients are found to be abnormal, they can also help to refer them to experts in time, so that patients can seek medical treatment and avoid detours.

She also pointed out that due to the small number of users, high research and development costs, and the lack of relevant laws and regulations in the country, pharmaceutical companies are reluctant to take the initiative to produce rare diseases, which makes it difficult and expensive for patients to buy drugs. However, this situation is gradually improving. With the release of the first batch of rare diseases catalogue in China and the recent joint notice issued by the four departments, the value-added tax policy for rare diseases drugs has been clarified, and the tax rates of some raw materials and imported drugs have been reduced, which will reduce the drug cost of more patients with rare diseases in the future. The patients also called for more drugs to be included in the medical insurance reimbursement.

[Introduction of Several Rare Diseases]

Gaucher’s disease

Gaucher’s disease is a rare monogenic disease and the most common lysosomal storage disease, which is autosomal recessive, with an incidence of about 1/50,000~1/100,000. The mutation of glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) leads to the lack of glucocerebrosidase activity, which leads to the accumulation of glucocerebrosidase in the lysosomes of macrophages in liver, spleen, bone, lung and even brain, forming a typical storage cell, namely "Gaucher cell", which leads to pathological changes in the affected tissues and organs, and the clinical manifestations are that multiple organs are involved and gradually aggravated. Clinically, Gaucher’s disease can be divided into three types: type ⅰ (non-neuropathy type); Type Ⅱ (acute neuropathy); Type ⅲ (chronic or subacute neuropathy). Caucasians account for about 95% of Gaucher’s disease type I, while Asians account for more than 50% of Gaucher’s disease type II and III.

Patients with Gaucher’s disease are usually characterized by splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia, which are similar to the clinical symptoms of many hematological diseases. Therefore, most patients with Gaucher’s disease will initially go to the hematology department. Hematologists should conduct glucocerebrosidase activity tests to diagnose or rule out Gaucher’s disease after excluding malignant tumors and other diseases.

Gaucher’s disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disease. If the patient’s parents give birth again, the risk of their children getting sick is 25%. For the families and relatives who have given birth to Gaucher’s disease patients, genetic counseling and detection of pathogenic gene carriers should be carried out. Prenatal diagnosis is the most effective way to prevent high-risk families from giving birth to similar children again.

neonatal diabetes

Neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare special type of diabetes mellitus, which usually refers to persistent and progressive hyperglycemia that occurs within months after birth. The incidence rate is 1/300,000~1/400,000. In the past, the etiology of this type of diabetes was unclear, and it was regarded as an early-onset type of type 1 diabetes for a long time because it needed insulin treatment.

Neonatal diabetes can occur in both men and women, and the onset age ranges from a few days to several weeks. The earliest symptoms that lead to medical treatment are unexplained polyuria and drinking water, often accompanied by feeding difficulties, weight loss or even emaciation, mild to moderate dehydration, mental drowsiness and so on. Some children were diagnosed with elevated blood sugar in routine physical examination, but delayed diagnosis may also lead to symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis, such as vomiting, shortness of breath, listlessness and even coma. This is a serious manifestation of diabetes, which requires urgent treatment in the hospital. A few children will have motor retardation and occasional convulsions.

Most neonatal diabetes is caused by gene mutation, and the treatment and prognosis of neonatal diabetes caused by different gene mutations are different, so chromosome microarray and gene mutation detection are needed to further clarify the cause diagnosis. Neonatal diabetic children with KCNJⅡ gene and ABCC8 gene mutation can control their blood sugar better by oral sulfonylureas than by exogenous insulin injection.

glycogen storage disease

Glycogen accumulation disease is a kind of glycogen metabolism disorder disease caused by congenital enzyme deficiency, most of which are autosomal recessive inheritance (except for X-linked recessive inheritance of type VI), and its incidence rate is 1/(2 ~ 25 thousand). The process of glycogen synthesis and catabolism requires the participation of various enzymes. There are 12 types of clinical diseases caused by these enzyme defects, among which liver diseases are the main types I, III, IV, VI and VII. Type ⅱ, ⅴ and ⅶ are mainly muscle tissue damage. The common feature of these diseases is glycogen utilization disorder, which increases in liver, muscle, kidney and other tissues.

Glycogen accumulation disease type I is caused by the deficiency of glucose -6- phosphatase system in liver, kidney and other tissues, and it is the most common glycogen accumulation disease, accounting for about 25% of the total. The main manifestations are hypoglycemia, growth retardation, muscle relaxation, abdominal distension, abnormal liver function, metabolic acidosis, increased triglyceride and uric acid in blood tests, and gout and kidney calculi may occur in older children. Most children are prone to infection. Children with the above-mentioned clinical manifestations need to go to a hospital with the conditions for genetic analysis for genetic examination and definite diagnosis and disease classification.

This disease is a rare treatable disease, and diet therapy is the main treatment for glycogen storage disease. The proportions of three nutrients in total calories are: carbohydrate 60-70%, protein 10-15%, and fat < 30%. The carbohydrate is mainly raw corn flour, and raw corn starch releases glucose at a moderate speed in the body, thus maintaining the stability of blood sugar in the body for a period of time, avoiding hypoglycemia and improving metabolic abnormalities in the body. The vast majority of carbohydrates eaten by children in one day must be replaced by raw corn flour. Infant’s diet is fed continuously for 8-10 hours with nasogastric tube at night to maintain blood sugar stability and avoid fasting for more than 4 hours. Pay attention to avoid eating foods containing sucrose, fructose, lactose and galactose, such as fruits, sweets, sugary drinks and commercial products containing milk; In the aspect of fat intake, it is necessary to limit the intake of saturated fatty acids, take more units and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Blood sugar should be maintained between 3.9 and 6.7 mmol/L, so as to ensure the normal growth and development of children.

　 　　Special feature of 1905 film network The film starring Jackie Chan and a group of Hollywood stars was released in the mainland on February 19th. Although the main appeal of this film is not to restore history, the historical background is still an important part of the film. The repeated invasion of Xiongnu beyond the Great Wall, the mysterious appearance of western troops and various contradictions in the process of national integration are all problems that the Han and Yuan emperors have to face and solve after they acceded to the throne. On the whole, the film’s "entertainment adaptation" of history is well-founded.

　 　　In this film, Jackie Chan plays a Han Dynasty general named Huo An. He meets Roman general Lucius and his small army in the Gobi Desert in the Western Regions. At that time, the border was always invaded by the Huns. Li Rengang, the director and screenwriter, then built an interesting story around three forces: the general of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu and the Roman army. In fact, the real history of this period is also very interesting. During the reign of Emperor Han and Yuan, Wang Zhaojun was sent to the fortress to marry the Huns, crusade against Zhi Zhi Khan, and captured a Roman army. In the west, Caesar and Pompeii clashed with each other, which led to the Roman Civil War. The result of this civil war directly laid the political, economic and cultural structure of the western world in the next 300 years.

There is a certain historical basis for the Roman army to appear on the border of China.

[The legendary disappearing army]

On the border of China, Roman troops were employed by the Han Dynasty to discuss Zhi Zhi Khan.

　 　　In the Western Han Dynasty during the Han and Yuan Dynasties, a mercenary from the Roman Republic did appear, which is probably the historical basis of the plot of Heavenly Generals and Heroes. In 53 BC, crassus, consul general of the Roman Republic, launched a war against Iran. I thought this was a quick battle, but I didn’t expect the Iranian army to panic in the Roman army and crassus was captured and beheaded. In 20 BC, Rome and Iran signed an armistice agreement. At this time, the Roman Republic asked Iran to return the captured army, but the army that broke through from the Iranian encirclement disappeared without a trace.

　 　　For many years, the whereabouts of this 6,000-strong army have been unknown. It wasn’t until 1947 that the English sinologist De Xiaoqian wrote the article "The Strike of Ancient China" that the mystery was solved. In ancient China, Liba referred to the Roman Republic. The "ancient China’s Li-ba-cheng" refers to a city inhabited by Romans that once appeared on Chinese territory. In the biography of Han Chen Tang written by Ban Gu, it is recorded that in 36 BC, a strange army appeared on the road where Chen Tang led more than 40 thousand troops to crusade against Zhi Zhi Khan. This army has "more than 100 infantry, fighting in a fish-scale array" and "guarding the city with heavy wood". According to historians’ interpretation, this defensive formation of "heavy wooden city" fortifications and fish scales with circular shields was only adopted by the Roman army. Historians reasoned that this strange army was a small force that broke through after the failure of the Roman Republic to go to Iran.

　 　　It is speculated that this unit was unable to return to China because the road was blocked by the Iranians when it broke through, so it had to turn to the plateau in Iran and wait for an opportunity to move eastward. Fortunately, they tore a hole in the lax defense line in eastern Iran and migrated to Central Asia to go to Zhizhi. Finally, they were collected by Chen Shang and brought back to China. Of course, this army was not idle after the surrender. They became Chen Tang’s "mercenaries" and made great contributions to the campaign against Zhi Zhi Khan. Later, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty issued a letter to place them at the foot of Zhaomian Mountain (now Yongchang County) in the south of Fanhe County, and put them in the county. In 592 ad. In view of the fact that Liba people have merged with Han people, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty issued a letter to merge Liba County into Fanhe County. At this point, Li Ba built the county for 612 years. In this way, the Liban people in China quietly disappeared in the vicissitudes of history.

The ethnic groups on the border are extremely rich and diverse.

[The famous Silk Road]

The Western Han Dynasty was prosperous, and all ethnic groups joined Zhaojun and went out to make a good knot.

　 　 Although Kung Fu and martial arts are the selling points of "Heavenly Master", Li Rengang still set a tone of national unity and world peace for the film. On the famous "Silk Road", various nationalities gathered and blended here, which surprised the audience at the great national strength and tolerance of the Han Dynasty. The so-called Silk Road refers to the trade route in the northern part of Eurasia, which is in contrast with the ancient tea-horse road in the south. This trade route was first developed by Zhang Qian during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. This action is called "the journey of hollowing out", and the envoys sent by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty reached Alexandria in Egypt as far as today. This is the farthest country reached by the official envoys of the Western Han Dynasty. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Chao extended the Silk Road again, reaching as far as Rome from Xi ‘an.

　 　 According to historical records, in the Western Han Dynasty, roughly sixteen ethnic minorities, such as Xiongnu, Donghu, Wuhuan, Xianbei, Turkic, Qidan, Rouran and Uighur, were active in the territory of China. The western Han government ensured the overall stability of these ethnic minority areas through certain means such as war, administrative regional setting, intermarriage and trade. These policies make the southwest, south China and southeast China also join the national rule. Although the control over the southern minorities at this time was far less powerful than that in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the military and political obstacles between the central plains and the southern mountainous areas were lifted, which made the south in a stable and orderly environment for a long time in the Han Dynasty and undoubtedly promoted the exchanges between the southern minorities and the central plains.

Zhaojun’s departure from the Great Wall and his relatives contributed to the peaceful coexistence of Han and Xiongnu.

　 　 When it comes to the national integration during the Han and Yuan Dynasties, we have to say that Zhaojun, who is well-known in Chinese, went to the fortress. This allusion tells the story of a maid-in-waiting named Zhaojun who pretended to be a princess of the Han Dynasty and married Uhaanyehe of the Xiongnu. It is said that Zhaojun was very beautiful and natural and graceful. Emperor Han Yuan regretted seeing such a beautiful maid-in-waiting going to marry. During his life in Xiongnu, Wang Zhaojun adapted to the lifestyle there and got along very well with the local people. She not only advised her husband to live in harmony with the Han Dynasty, but also spread the culture of the Han nationality to the Huns. It should be said that the marriage between Wang Zhaojun and Xiongnu is not only a political marriage, but also a cultural integration. Her arrival, in a sense, "assimilated" Huns. Perhaps because of her, the Han Dynasty and Xiongnu lived in harmony for 60 years. After Wang Zhaojun’s death, she was buried in Daqing Mountain controlled by Huns. The Huns built a tomb for her, and later generations called her tomb "Qingzhong" and regarded it as a fairy.

The struggle between Caesar and Pompeii is brilliantly presented in the English drama Rome.

[What happened in the Roman Empire]

There was a "great earthquake" in the Roman Republic. Caesar and Pompeii tore each other apart.

　 　 During the Han and Yuan Dynasties, the whole Han Empire basically presented a thriving scene, while the Roman Republic was not peaceful at the same time. Because of the above-mentioned "Rome was defeated by Iran", a large earthquake in the political circle of the Roman Republic was triggered. In 60 BC, crassus, Caesar and Pompeii, three politically frustrated people, formed the so-called "First Triumphal Alliance". However, these three people, strange bedfellows, have never shared common interests, and this alliance will soon be in jeopardy. After the defeat of the Iranian crusade and crassus’s beheading, the remaining contradictions between the two giants intensified. Caesar’s expedition to Gaul was successful, and he mastered a large number of troops. At the same time, he also got a lot of public support with the book "The Battle of Gaul", and with the huge wealth from Gaul, he gradually stepped onto the peak of strength and power. Under such circumstances, the Senate began to unite with Pompeii, who was left out in the cold, and began to attack Caesar and his henchmen.

　 　 In 50 BC, Pompeii and the Senate made a decision to ask Caesar to surrender his military power and return to China to serve in the following year. In a practical sense, this announced Caesar’s "demotion" and also meant a complete break between Caesar and Pompeii. Caesar, who received this decision, did not buy it. He wrote back to the Senate and Pompeii, asking Pompeii to surrender the military power, otherwise he would not obey the decision of the Senate and would not hesitate to launch a civil war to safeguard his dignity. After receiving the reply, the Senate thought that Caesar had handed in an essay, resolutely refused to follow it, and insisted on their previous decision. Caesar sent an envoy to Rome to mediate, but the envoy was persecuted by Pompeii and the Senate. Knowing this, Caesar was forced to flee to Gaul. The Senate regarded Caesar’s move as a preparation for war, so it declared Caesar a national public enemy. At this point, the civil war broke out in the Roman Republic.

　 　 The civil war in Rome opened a new page in Roman history and made Rome develop from a republic to a new stage of monarchy. When preparing for the war, Caesar carried out the policy of equal rights for residents and Romans in all provinces, which expanded his social foundation and promoted social progress. After the First World War, Rome’s political, economic and social structure became more modern and reasonable, while China would continue to be in a feudal society. Therefore, the Roman civil war that took place during the Han and Yuan Dynasties was barbaric on the surface, but in fact it was a manifestation of progress. Although the Western Han Dynasty was stable and prosperous, it accumulated many social contradictions, and various problems gradually emerged in the next hundred years, which brought even greater disasters.