Cross-border e-commerce is a vital force in China’s foreign trade development and an important trend in international trade development. In June this year, the Ministry of Commerce and other departments jointly issued the Opinions on Expanding Cross-border E-commerce Exports and Promoting the Construction of Overseas Warehouses, aiming at expanding cross-border E-commerce exports, optimizing the layout of overseas warehouses and accelerating the cultivation of new kinetic energy of foreign trade. In this issue, invited experts will discuss relevant issues.

Leading the innovation and development of foreign trade formats

What are the characteristics and advantages of cross-border e-commerce compared with traditional foreign trade?

Wang Jian (Professor, university of international business and economics Institute of International Economics and Trade): Cross-border e-commerce is a new format and mode of foreign trade. The development and application of network information technology enables enterprises to innovate the mode of e-commerce, thus promoting the reform of foreign trade management mode.

The basic performance of cross-border e-commerce in the foreign trade industry is that many small and medium-sized foreign trade enterprises and other foreign trade operators can directly sell their goods to overseas final consumers through the Internet platform or their own independent websites. Cross-border e-commerce can bypass many intermediate links in previous trade, such as importers and exporters, wholesalers, retailers, etc., so that foreign trade operators can have direct transactions with overseas consumers. Cross-border e-commerce also enables many small and medium-sized enterprises to compete with traditional foreign trade enterprises and even multinational companies in the global market. The gap market formed by the fragmentation of the global consumer market and the personalized evolution of demand allows small and medium-sized enterprises to find their own development space.

Small and medium-sized enterprises can participate in global trade through cross-border e-commerce because there has been business model innovation in the global market in the past 20 years, that is, the third-party platform model. Third-party platforms empower small and medium-sized enterprises and drive the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce. For example, the combination of Alibaba, China Manufacturing Network, Amazon, Yi Bei and other platforms with domestic industrial belt manufacturers has driven a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises to go to sea. In recent years, through innovative service modes, such as the fully managed and semi-managed service modes of overseas e-commerce platforms Temu and Shein, and the combination of short videos such as Tiktok and e-commerce, the platform has once again promoted the export of China manufacturing through cross-border e-commerce to a record high. According to official statistics, the import and export volume of cross-border e-commerce in China has exceeded 2 trillion yuan.

2023 is a year of explosive growth of cross-border electronic commerce in the world. The COVID-19 epidemic indirectly promoted the rapid development of e-commerce in the world. According to statistics, in 2023, 2.64 billion consumers around the world will have at least one online shopping experience. It is estimated that global e-commerce sales will increase by 50% in the next three years.

Cross-border e-commerce is leading the global market transformation. At present, the scale of cross-border e-commerce trade in all regions of the world has increased significantly, and consumers and business circles are concerned about the changes brought by cross-border e-commerce to global trade. Cross-border e-commerce has not only become an important choice for consumers in mature markets such as Europe and America, but also in Southeast Asia, Latin America and Africa.

Compared with traditional foreign trade, cross-border e-commerce has the following basic characteristics and advantages.

First, cross-border e-commerce has fragmented global trade. Because most cross-border e-commerce companies receive orders directly from overseas consumers, and network information technology makes global market information transparent and market trends change rapidly, foreign trade orders tend to be small and multi-frequency. Foreign trade service enterprises are also constantly innovating to provide various cross-border transportation and distribution methods to adapt to the development trend of fragmented trade.

Second, small and medium-sized enterprises participate in global trade in large quantities. Relying on the cross-border e-commerce platform, SMEs can quickly sell their products to consumers anywhere in the world. The third-party platform of cross-border e-commerce can provide foreign trade services such as information matching, payment and settlement, trade financing, etc., which greatly reduces the threshold for SMEs to participate in global trade, and the global market shows a trend of inclusive trade.

Third, cross-border e-commerce has changed the traditional trade process. Cross-border e-commerce sellers can pre-sell products on overseas e-commerce platforms, or test changes in market consumption preferences through "small orders and quick returns" to obtain the latest trends in overseas market consumption through data in the fastest way. This enables small and medium-sized enterprises to quickly lead overseas consumer markets and gain competitive advantages.

Fourth, cross-border e-commerce has formed a special international cooperation ecological service system. Although cross-border e-commerce can be understood as selling products directly to overseas final consumers, the development of cross-border e-commerce not only includes online marketing, sales and supply chain operation, but also involves many cooperation between horizontal and cross-border e-commerce operators based on the Internet. For example, cross-border e-commerce enterprises selling clothes in Africa should not only lay out the supply chain of cross-border e-commerce in China, but also cooperate with fashion designers, models, online celebrity and even local physical stores in Africa to establish a cross-border service ecosystem. China’s cross-border e-commerce enterprises and platforms pay more and more attention to integrating local resources into the cross-border e-commerce service system, which will help to create new cooperation models with host countries.

After more than 20 years of development, China’s cross-border e-commerce has become an important driving force to lead the innovation and development of foreign trade formats. At present, cross-border e-commerce continues to innovate. Through the pilot project in cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zone, we attach great importance to the innovation of foreign trade mode and format, promote the digital transformation and international cooperation of foreign trade enterprises, and lay a solid foundation for the high-quality development of cross-border e-commerce. Model innovation, regulatory innovation, policy innovation and format innovation, which interact and integrate with each other, have become the main theme of cross-border e-commerce development.

Release consumption and supply dividends to the world

What is the significance of expanding cross-border e-commerce exports to foreign trade development? How effective has China’s cross-border e-commerce development achieved?

Li Mingtao (Dean, China International Electronic Commerce Center Research Institute, Ministry of Commerce): At present, China’s foreign trade export growth is facing greater uncertainty, global inflation has weakened external demand, geopolitical factors have caused logistics costs to rise, and trade protectionism in traditional key export markets such as the United States and the European Union has risen, which has become a major challenge for many foreign trade export enterprises.

In recent years, China’s cross-border e-commerce has maintained a rapid development trend, and its proportion in the scale of foreign trade import and export has been increasing, which has become a new channel for foreign trade enterprises to cope with global trade challenges. According to the statistics of the General Administration of Customs, in 2023, China’s cross-border e-commerce import and export was 2.38 trillion yuan, up 15.6% year-on-year, accounting for 5.7% of the total import and export value of goods trade in the same period, of which exports were 1.83 trillion yuan, up 19.6% year-on-year. In the first quarter of this year, China’s cross-border e-commerce import and export was 577.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%. Cross-border e-commerce has become an important part of China’s import and export trade and an important channel for foreign trade enterprises to carry out import and export business.

At present, China is building a new development pattern with the domestic big cycle as the main body and the domestic and international double cycles promoting each other. Giving full play to the role of cross-border e-commerce as a strategic new channel can further enhance the global appeal of the powerful domestic market, effectively release the productivity of the domestic supply chain, and continuously enhance China’s ability to co-ordinate the domestic and international markets and resources. Cross-border e-commerce has always been at the forefront of opening to the outside world. China has fully released the dividends of market consumption and manufacturing supply to the world through the active opening policy in the field of cross-border e-commerce, which is conducive to expanding imports, promoting balanced trade development, and allowing more global high-quality goods to enter the China market to meet the needs of domestic consumption upgrading; It is also conducive to encouraging more China goods, brands and services to go abroad, tapping the advantages of China’s manufacturing and supply chain to explore the global market, and bringing more development dividends to global consumers. Cross-border e-commerce serves the online purchasing needs of consumers and buyers around the world for high-quality goods, connecting manufacturers, brands, traders and even individual online merchants from all over the world, and building an efficient online trade channel driven by technology. Relying on the new channel of cross-border e-commerce, Chinese enterprises have the extensive ability to directly reach the global terminal consumption and procurement needs.

In order to better serve the development needs of cross-border e-commerce industry, China has approved the construction of 165 cross-border electronic commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zones (hereinafter referred to as "Cross-border e-commerce Comprehensive Experimental Zones") in seven batches since 2015, covering 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Shandong have achieved full coverage of prefecture-level cities. As the main policy carrier to support the cross-border e-commerce industry, the core of the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area is to build "six systems and two platforms", namely, information sharing system, financial service system, intelligent logistics system, e-commerce credit system, risk prevention and control system and statistical monitoring system, as well as online comprehensive service platform and offline industrial park platform. Focusing on the development of cross-border e-commerce industry and the construction of comprehensive test area, China has successively issued a series of supportive and convenient policies for cross-border e-commerce, such as free customs clearance form for bonded stocking, check and release of parcel export list, summary statistics, tax exemption without tickets, 4% approved income tax for cross-border e-commerce retail enterprises, direct export from cross-border electronic commerce enterprises to enterprises, and facilitation of cross-border e-commerce export return.

The cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area faces the needs of local industrial development, and continues to invest in carrier construction, hub building and policy innovation, strengthening the construction of "six systems and two platforms", especially deepening innovation in the public services of "six systems". On this basis, we will give priority to serving the export of China’s advantageous industries, vigorously develop the "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt", tap the strong domestic supply chain capabilities through cross-border e-commerce, let more and better goods go out to serve the global market through cross-border e-commerce, build the cross-border e-commerce comprehensive test area into the main channel to support the standardized development and convenient services of cross-border e-commerce, and continuously improve the personalized and refined service level for the development needs of cross-border e-commerce enterprises, so that enterprises can truly enjoy the state’s taxation, foreign exchange settlement and customs clearance. At the same time, improve the infrastructure of public overseas warehouses, accelerate the construction of cross-border e-commerce public data service platforms, and cultivate more cross-border e-commerce export brand enterprises.

Overseas warehouses provide strong support for export e-commerce

What convenience can overseas warehouses provide for exporting e-commerce? What concrete achievements have been made in the construction and development of overseas warehouses in China?

Wang Huimin (researcher, Institute of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Ministry of Commerce): Overseas warehouses refer to warehouses built or rented and operated by cross-border e-commerce related enterprises overseas, which provide comprehensive services such as overseas customs clearance, storage, transshipment, sorting, packaging, labeling, distribution and after-sales for cross-border e-commerce goods. Under the mode of cross-border e-commerce exporting overseas warehouses, enterprises can export cross-border e-commerce goods to overseas warehouses in batches first, and then deliver the goods from overseas warehouses to overseas consumers after the cross-border e-commerce platform generates orders. According to different clients, it is divided into self-operated overseas warehouses, third-party overseas warehouses and platform-type overseas warehouses.

Specifically, overseas warehouses can provide various conveniences for exporting e-commerce.

Conducive to improving the localization experience of consumers. In the traditional cross-border e-commerce logistics system, when overseas consumers place an order, the goods are transported from China to foreign countries and then distributed to consumers, which takes a long time and is difficult to support the return. Overseas warehouses transport goods overseas for stocking in advance, which can effectively shorten the delivery time of goods, ensure the stable supply of goods, improve the after-sales service ability and enhance the consumption experience in all directions.

It is conducive to optimizing the export structure of cross-border e-commerce. Compared with air transportation, the centralized transportation mode of overseas warehouses has broken through the restrictions on the weight, volume and nature of goods, and enriched the categories of goods exported by cross-border e-commerce. Overseas warehouses use big data technology to analyze inventory, cargo turnover, customer feedback, etc., and can find changes in consumer demand in time, and feed back information to domestic foreign trade enterprises, driving foreign trade enterprises to quickly develop new products and adjust product supply.

Conducive to cross-border e-commerce supply chain to reduce costs and increase efficiency. Overseas warehouses can achieve a good balance in reducing logistics costs and improving logistics efficiency. The docking of overseas warehouse management platform with enterprise resource planning systems of manufacturers and traders can promote the unification of production and stocking and meeting consumer demand, and alleviate problems such as insufficient inventory or unsalable goods. The supply chain management system of overseas warehouse construction is connected and linked with the cross-border e-commerce platform, which can realize the whole process tracking and dynamic management of source procurement, logistics and transportation, overseas sales and after-sales service, improve the efficiency of goods turnover, improve the accuracy of overseas stocking, and enhance the flexibility of supply chain. Build an overseas integrated service system with overseas warehouses as the core, and digitally connect with the domestic integrated service system to effectively improve the efficiency and level of cross-border e-commerce supply chain.

Conducive to cross-border e-commerce and local common development. In order to improve the localization service level, overseas warehouses gradually deepen cooperation with local governments, hire and train local employees, set up local management teams, and jointly operate distribution networks with foreign enterprises. Overseas warehouses can increase local employment, residents’ income and national tax revenue, and drive local businesses to improve their service capabilities. At the same time, it is also conducive to Chinese enterprises to understand local customs, consumption habits, lifestyles, etc., and better promote Chinese products and brands.

In recent years, the development of overseas warehouses in China has achieved remarkable results, which has strongly supported cross-border e-commerce exports.

First, the scale of overseas warehouses has grown rapidly. Overseas warehouses have increased from more than 1,200 in 2019 to more than 2,500 in 2023, more than doubling. The area of overseas warehouses has increased rapidly, the number of service enterprises has been increasing, and the categories of service goods have been enriched. In 2023, China’s overseas warehouse area exceeded 30 million square meters.

Second, the types and subjects of overseas warehouses are diversified. With the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce business, cross-border e-commerce platforms, cross-border logistics, cross-border supply chains, foreign trade and other enterprises actively participate in the construction of overseas warehouses and carry out differentiated services with their own unique advantages. Cross-border e-commerce sellers can choose suitable overseas warehouses according to their own business characteristics and sales scale.

The third is to expand the service function to high value. More and more overseas warehouses cooperate closely with cross-border e-commerce platforms and foreign trade enterprises to realize the linkage of manufacturing, logistics and transportation, multi-warehouse stocking and online sales, and enhance the stability and flexibility of cross-border supply chain. In order to enhance the product competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises, overseas warehouse enterprises continue to expand their service functions. The main value-added services include customs clearance integration, supply chain finance, international compliance consulting, precision marketing promotion, personalized customization and other services, as well as guiding foreign trade enterprises to quickly develop new products according to consumer demand. The localization service of overseas warehouses has enhanced the trust of overseas consumers in cross-border e-commerce platforms and sellers.

Fourth, the level of automation and intelligence of overseas warehouses has improved. Overseas warehouses usually include cross-border e-commerce goods storage center, commodity sorting system, warehouse management system, order management system and local logistics distribution system, equipped with automatic transmission lines, sorting lines, three-dimensional warehouse stackers, robots and other automatic equipment, and strengthen the interconnection of related information systems. Overseas warehouse enterprises continue to increase investment in R&D, and independently develop and deploy various operating systems, such as warehouse management system, cargo tracking system, automatic sorting system, intelligent dispatching system, supply chain management system, business intelligence analysis system, etc., to improve the automation and intelligence level of overseas warehouses.

Fifth, the global layout of overseas warehouses has been gradually optimized. Developed countries are the main markets for China’s cross-border e-commerce exports, and they were also important areas for China’s overseas warehouse construction. With the continuous expansion of cross-border e-commerce export market, emerging markets have become the focus of a new round of overseas warehouse layout in China. China’s overseas warehouses are widely distributed in Europe and the United States, countries and regions that have jointly built the "Belt and Road", and continue to optimize their layout according to changes in market demand.

Actively grasp the opportunity of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt"

How do you view the role of cross-border e-commerce in empowering industry development?

Zong Fangyu (Director of the Research Office of the Foreign Economic Research Department of the State Council Development Research Center): In 2023, the Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Stable Scale and Excellent Structure of Foreign Trade proposed that all localities should be encouraged to combine their industrial and endowment advantages to innovate and build a comprehensive cross-border e-commerce pilot zone, actively develop the "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt" model, and drive cross-border e-commerce enterprises to export to enterprises. In June this year, the Opinions on Expanding Cross-border E-commerce Exports and Promoting the Construction of Overseas Warehouses issued by the Ministry of Commerce and other nine departments proposed to vigorously support the development of cross-border e-commerce empowerment industries.

In recent years, based on the industrial base, all localities have actively joined the new cross-border e-commerce track, forming a large number of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belts" with distinctive characteristics and international competitiveness. Cross-border e-commerce has the advantages of market channel and business model, and industrial belt has the advantages of manufacturing and products. The two are mutually connected and promoted, forming a new model and new kinetic energy for China to participate in international trade. Guangzhou Cosmetics Industrial Belt, Shunde Small Household Appliances Industrial Belt, Yiwu Small Commodity Industrial Belt, Nantong Home Textile Industrial Belt, etc., which have their own characteristics, have quickly become important participants in international trade in sub-sectors with the empowerment of cross-border e-commerce.

Cross-border e-commerce helps the industry to rapidly expand the international market with high-quality products. Cross-border e-commerce has a fast growth and strong driving force, and its proportion in China’s goods trade has been increasing, driving industrial belt products to achieve high growth. On the one hand, cross-border e-commerce improves the efficiency of product exhibition and sales, so that the supply of products is directly connected with the demand of the international market in real time, and the products are displayed and sold to international customers after being put on the e-commerce platform; On the other hand, cross-border e-commerce has greatly expanded the market scope, changing the limitation that traditional product orders are mainly for a certain range of traders and buyers, not only for corporate customers, but also directly for large-scale individual consumers, covering a wider and deeper international market.

Cross-border e-commerce helps small and medium-sized business entities in industrial belts to deeply participate in economic globalization. There are more than 120,000 cross-border e-commerce business entities in China, a large number of which are small and medium-sized enterprises. Limited by the lack of international resources and asymmetric information, some small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises are limited by manufacturing links and OEM models. Cross-border e-commerce provides enterprises with a convenient "interface" to enter the international market. Many small and medium-sized enterprises quickly become micro-multinational companies, seize the opportunity of internationalization, actively build their own brands, participate in the whole process of product internationalization, and successfully obtain higher added value in the global value chain.

Cross-border e-commerce reshapes the organizational model of industrial belt. In terms of technology and business model, cross-border e-commerce connects the whole chain of industries such as design, procurement, production, logistics, finance, trade and sales through digital empowerment, and promotes the efficient flow of key elements such as logistics, information flow and capital flow. In terms of demand traction, the rapid development of cross-border e-commerce puts forward higher requirements for the response and support ability of industrial belts. After digital reconstruction and industrial upgrading, industrial belts have formed an efficient linkage industrial chain and ecosystem. For example, traditional industrial belts such as textiles, clothing and household products that have joined cross-border e-commerce show a trend of digitalization and intelligence.

Cross-border e-commerce promotes industrial belts to enhance innovation advantages. With the real-time analysis and judgment of cross-border e-commerce consumer demand big data and the efficient and integrated industrial cooperation system, the innovation process of products and categories has become more active, accurate, fast and flexible, thus enabling the industrial belt to form innovative advantages in core competitiveness such as iterative innovation of featured products and leading industrial trends. For example, relying on Guangzhou’s "Cross-border E-commerce+Clothing Industry Belt", the design and listing of a garment has been shortened from two or three months in the traditional mode to more than ten days, forming the innovative advantage of "small order and quick return" and leading the fashion consumption trend.

Cross-border e-commerce promotes the radiation extension of industrial belts and promotes new industrial belts. The high growth of cross-border e-commerce has continuously formed a radiation linkage around the industrial belt, attracting and gathering more specialized resources to join the industrial belt and promoting the industrial belt to become bigger and stronger. At the same time, the innovation speed of cross-border e-commerce format is fast, and the consumer demand is changing with each passing day. Some areas show new features such as diversification, niche and customization, which constantly spawns industrial belts featuring new categories and formats.

In the future, we should actively grasp the opportunity of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt" and promote the integrated development of digital economy and real economy. Efforts should be made to cultivate well-known brands of cross-border e-commerce, encourage enterprises with outstanding competitive advantages and great potential to improve their brand international popularity, and drive industrial belts to enhance their position in international trade and global value chains. Using "AI+ cross-border e-commerce" to form a new empowerment for the industrial belt, the breakthrough of AI technology is expected to accelerate the innovation and transformation of the whole process such as manufacturing, R&D and design, consumer demand and business model, and open up new space for the integrated development of cross-border e-commerce and industrial belts. Promote the green transformation of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt", introduce green technologies, provide more green products, and form new advantages in green development. Encourage accurate two-way cooperation between cross-border e-commerce platforms and industrial belts, guide more sub-sectors to develop into characteristic industrial belts, and build a platform for more SMEs to participate in the new cross-border e-commerce model. Improve the comprehensive service level of "cross-border e-commerce+industrial belt", increase the cultivation and supply of compound talents, provide a good development environment for business entities, and accelerate the cultivation of benchmark industrial belts.

Original Zhimei Tencent Medical Code, she knows　

In daily life, I sometimes hear the saying that "a big ass is easy to bear."

This statement not only disrespects women, but also lacks scientific basis.

The so-called "good childbirth" usually means easy delivery, and one of the key factors affecting delivery is the size of the bone birth canal (the birth canal formed by the pelvic cavity).

During pregnancy, the size of the pelvis will not change much, but under the action of hormones such as relaxin, the ligament will relax and the pubic symphysis will be widened by 4-6 mm, so that the fetus can pass [1].

(Source: Hong Kong, China Department of Health)

If the pelvis is too small, or the shape does not match the fetal head, it may affect the fetus passing through the pelvis and cause dystocia [1,2].

If the pelvis size is normal, but the fetus is too large, making the pelvis relatively narrow, it may also cause dystocia [1,2].

But a big ass doesn’t mean a big pelvis.

Under normal circumstances, the pelvic shape can’t be observed by naked eyes. Generally, a professional pelvic evaluation is conducted by a doctor during the prenatal examination.

The doctor will check and measure the size of the pelvic entrance, middle and exit, and then compare it with the size of the fetal head to see if there is pelvic stenosis or mismatch [1].

If the buttocks are fat, it will affect delivery.

During pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone levels will continue to rise, causing an increase in fat reserves.

Especially in thighs, abdomen, buttocks, breasts and other parts of the fat increase is more obvious.

At this time, if the weight is not strictly controlled, too much fat will accumulate in the abdomen and buttocks, which will not only help the delivery, but also hinder the delivery process [3,4].

In addition, if the weight gain during pregnancy is too fast and too large, it is easy to cause the fetus to be larger and difficult to pass through the birth canal, resulting in dystocia [1-4].

1. Regular check-ups are more reassuring.

Delivery is a big project. Besides the pelvis, the productivity, the size and position of the fetus and the age of the pregnant woman will all affect delivery.

Therefore, regular check-ups during pregnancy can help doctors evaluate and make reasonable suggestions in time.

2. Don’t eat too much

Too fast weight gain during pregnancy will not only make the fetus too big, but also cause dystocia.

It will also increase the risks of gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension and proteinuria.

It is also easy to separate rectus abdominis, and it is more difficult to return to normal weight after delivery [5,6].

Therefore, it is recommended that you consult a doctor or a clinical dietitian during the prenatal examination, and gain weight reasonably under the guidance of a doctor according to different body mass indexes before pregnancy.

3. Exercise is the most cost-effective "maintenance"

If pregnant women are healthy and have no pregnancy complications (such as threatened abortion, pre-eclampsia, cardiovascular diseases, placenta previa, etc.), 150 minutes of moderate and low-intensity aerobic exercise (such as walking and resistance training) per week is safe and has many benefits [7].

For example, it can control excessive weight gain, prevent gestational diabetes, enhance muscle strength, reduce low back pain and edema, improve the mood and sleep of pregnant women, and enhance their physical strength to prepare for production.

If there is no physical discomfort, it is recommended that pregnant women exercise at least five times a week for 30 minutes each time [8].

Sisters who have no exercise habits before can try low-intensity exercise, such as walking, brisk walking and cycling.

(Source: Hong Kong, China Department of Health)

If you have exercise habits at ordinary times, you can try moderate-intensity sports.

For example, jogging, aerobics, swimming, dancing, pilates, etc., and appropriately reduce the number after the number of weeks of pregnancy increases, according to the doctor’s advice.

Of course, strong abdominal muscles, pelvic floor muscles, etc. can not be practiced for a while, and the improvement of muscle strength depends on long-term persistence.

So sisters can exercise before they get pregnant and stick to it!

4. Encouragement from family and friends is especially important.

In addition to various objective conditions, there is also a great influence on natural delivery, that is, the mental and psychological state of the parturient.

Excessive anxiety, fear and tension may make pregnant women have uterine atony and prolong the labor process;

Fetal distress may also occur, which brings danger to the mother and baby [9,10].

Therefore, psychological construction during pregnancy is also crucial.

A good way to reduce fear is to understand the knowledge related to childbirth [11], such as hospital propaganda videos and brochures are good sources of knowledge.

Besides relying on the efforts of the parturient, encouragement and support from society, family, friends and medical staff are also very important [11,12], even more important.

Therefore, if your lover is pregnant, I hope you can learn more about it, understand her hardships, and give support and companionship.

Finally, there are many factors that affect delivery, and expectant mothers who are preparing for pregnancy really don’t have to worry about some accidental statement.

Regular check-ups, trusting doctors and nurses, and making adequate preparations will surely usher in that lovely baby happily!

Review expert

Feng Cuiping | Deputy Chief Physician, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital

references

[1] Pavli?ev M, Romero R, Mitteroecker P. Evolution of the human pelvis and obstructed labor: new explanations of an old obstetrical dilemma. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jan; 222(1):3-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.06.043. Epub 2019 Jun 25. PMID: 31251927.

[2]Nicholson JM, Kellar LC. The active management of impending cephalopelvic disproportion in nulliparous women at term: a case series. J Pregnancy. 2010; 2010:708615. doi:10.1155/2010/708615

[3] Siega-Riz AM, Viswanathan M, Moos MK, Deierlein A, Mumford S, Knaack J, et al. A systematic review of outcomes of maternal weight gain according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations: birthweight, fetal growth, and postpartum weight retention. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 201:339.e1–14.

[4]Kim SY, Sharma AJ, Sappenfield W, Wilson HG, Salihu HM. Association of maternal body mass index, excessive weight gain, and gestational diabetes mellitus with large-for-gestational-age births. Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Apr; 123(4):737-44. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000177. PMID: 24785599; PMCID: PMC4548850.

[5] Wang Linjie, Guo Honghua, Zhang Caihong, li miao, Zhu Jinmei, Yi Huanying, Chen Xiaomei. Research progress of weight management during pregnancy [J]. China Journal of Reproductive Health, 2019,30(03):284-287.

[6] Kominiarek MA, Peaceman AM. Gestational weight gain. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 217(6):642-651. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2017.05.040

[7]Activity P , Pregnancy E D . Committee Opinion No. 650:, Physical Activity and Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period[J]. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2015, 126(6):e135.

[8] Professional Committee of Pregnancy Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus of China Maternal and Child Health Association, Obstetrics Group of Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Expert Consensus on Exercise during Pregnancy (Draft) [J]. Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2021,24(09):641-645.

[9] Qian Shu Hua, Zhu Xinli, Shen Beibei, Zhou Huixin, Ding Yan. The influence of anxiety in early pregnancy and late pregnancy on maternal delivery mode [J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2021,56(02):245-249.

[10] Rouhe H，Salmela-Aro K，Toivanen R，et al. Obstetric outcome after intervention for severe fear of childbirth in nulliparous women-randomised trial［J］. BJOG，2013，20：75-8

[11] Salmela-Aro K, Read S, Rouhe H, Halmesm?ki E, Toivanen RM, Tokola MI, Saisto T. Promoting positive motherhood among nulliparous pregnant women with an intense fear of childbirth: RCT intervention. J Health Psychol. 2012 May; 17(4):520-34. doi: 10.1177/1359105311421050. Epub 2011 Sep 29. PMID: 21963681.

[12] Clinical Practice Guidelines for Normal Delivery [J]. Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2020,23(06):371-375.

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　　Reporter Yang Zhonghou and Fang Liang Shi Dongbai reported that on March 18th, the mobilization meeting for major power grid projects in Liaoning and centralized start-up of Daya River and Xingcheng Pumped Storage Power Station of State Grid Corporation was held at the site of Shenyang Shengjing Power Transmission and Transformation Phase II Project. Hao Peng, Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Director of the Standing Committee of Provincial People’s Congress, Li Lecheng, Deputy Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and Governor, and Xin Baoan, Party Secretary and Chairman of State Grid Corporation attended the mobilization meeting to jointly start the project. On March 17th, Liaoning Province held a meeting with State Grid Corporation to further strengthen communication, deepen cooperation and jointly promote high-quality development.

　　On behalf of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, Hao Peng thanked the State Grid Corporation for its strong support and help to Liaoning’s economic development and people’s livelihood improvement in various historical periods. He said that the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attached great importance to the revitalization and development of Liaoning, full of confidence and full of expectations. We thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the important speech and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary, fully implement the major decision-making arrangements made by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the spirit of the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, firmly grasp the primary task of high-quality development, focus on achieving a new breakthrough in all-round revitalization, firmly grasp the precious window period and opportunity period in the last three years of the 14th Five-Year Plan, thoroughly implement the three-year action of comprehensively revitalizing the new breakthrough, and fight the "Liaoshen Campaign" to win the revitalization of Northeast China and Liaoning in the new era with unconventional measures to promote the transformation and upgrading of the province’s economic structure. The centralized commencement of major power grid projects of State Grid Corporation of Liaoning fully reflects the strong responsibility of State Grid Corporation of China to serve the national strategy and help Liaoning to revitalize in an all-round way, which will strongly promote the development of new energy in Liaoning, strengthen the safety and supply of energy and electricity, better safeguard national energy security and promote the green transformation of economic and social development in the province. Revitalize development, power first. It is hoped that State Grid Corporation of China will continue to base itself on the national strategy, actively participate in the revitalization and development of Liaoning, and combine Liaoning’s economic transformation, urban renewal and improvement of people’s livelihood.Increase investment and project layout in Liaoning, support the development of clean energy industry in Liaoning, accelerate the construction of new energy infrastructure, consolidate and upgrade the rural power grid, and make every effort to build a strong power grid to provide power guarantee for all kinds of market players to achieve better development in Liaoning. We will earnestly implement various supporting policies and measures, ensure the high-quality development of the State Grid in Liaoning, and make new and greater contributions to safeguarding national energy security.

　　At the mobilization meeting, Li Lecheng, on behalf of the Liaoning Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, expressed warm congratulations on the centralized construction of 57 major power and energy projects, and expressed heartfelt thanks to State Grid Corporation and other central enterprises for their long-term important contributions to the revitalization and development of Liaoning. He said that at present, the whole province has fully implemented the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, thoroughly implemented the spirit of the important speech and instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the revitalization and development of Northeast China and Liaoning, fully implemented the three-year action of comprehensively revitalizing the new breakthrough, and made extraordinary measures to win the "Liaoshen Campaign" for the revitalization of Northeast China and Liaoning in the new era. To achieve a new breakthrough in Liaoning’s comprehensive revitalization, electric power should be a "pioneer". We should take this mobilization meeting as an opportunity to thoroughly implement the "14th Five-Year Plan" strategic cooperation framework agreement signed by the two sides, accelerate the construction of a new power system, promote the high-quality development of Liaoning power grid, strengthen energy and power security, accelerate energy science and technology innovation and industrial upgrading, and jointly build a strong province with clean energy. We will increase policy support, support the implementation of power grid planning at all levels, support State Grid Corporation of China to participate in major engineering construction and comprehensive energy services in key areas in Liaoning, and promote the implementation of the "one body and four wings" development layout of State Grid Corporation of China in Liaoning. It is hoped that State Grid Corporation of China will closely combine the enterprise development strategy with Liaoning’s development strategy and development priorities, deepen pragmatic cooperation and achieve mutual benefit and win-win.Show greater responsibility and achievements in jointly serving the national strategy and accelerating the revitalization and development of Liaoning.

　　Xin Baoan said that Liaoning is the leader and engine leading the revitalization of Northeast China and plays a pivotal role in China’s overall economic and social development. State Grid Corporation of China has always regarded serving Liaoning’s economic and social development as a major political task. Since the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", a number of major power grid projects have been started and put into operation in Liaoning, and the layout of power grid development has been continuously optimized to ensure a stable and orderly power supply. Construction of 57 major power grid projects, such as Daya River and Xingcheng Pumped Storage Power Station, started in an all-round way, which is a great measure to improve the power grid’s ability to allocate resources and ensure the reliable supply of electric power in Liaoning. It is also a great responsibility to go all out to stabilize growth and employment, serve the overall revitalization of Liaoning, and promote the clean and low-carbon transformation of energy and the green development of Liaoning. Today’s mobilization meeting marks that all projects have entered the stage of comprehensive construction. State Grid Corporation of China will give full play to the advantages of talents, management and technology, meticulously organize, carefully deploy and lean management, and promote the project construction with high quality and high efficiency. It is hoped that all participating units and builders will vigorously carry forward the spirit of artisans, work closely together, firmly establish the concept of safety first, pay close attention to the quality of projects, and strive to build quality projects and demonstration projects. We will make every effort to promote the construction of major power grid projects, jointly ensure power supply, stabilize growth and promote transformation, better serve Liaoning’s comprehensive revitalization and make new and greater contributions to building a socialist modern country in an all-round way.

　　The centralized construction projects include 55 major power grid projects such as Fuxin Toyota 500 kV power transmission and transformation project, Panjin Liaobin 500 kV power transmission and transformation project and Yingkou Huguan 500 kV power transmission and transformation project, as well as two pumped storage projects in Daya River and Xingcheng, with a total investment of 33.8 billion yuan, which is expected to stimulate social investment of more than 70 billion yuan, provide more than 20,000 jobs, and promote better stable investment, employment and people’s livelihood in the province. The power grid and pumping and storage project have the advantages of large investment, strong driving force and remarkable medium-and long-term economic benefits, which will effectively promote the coordinated development of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain and the coordinated development of regional economy, improve the power supply guarantee capacity of Liaoning power grid, and better serve Liaoning’s economic and social development and energy transformation and upgrading.

　　The mobilization meeting was held in Dalian, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County of Benxi, Zhangwu County of Fuxin and Xingcheng City of Huludao.

　　Hu Yuting, Deputy Secretary of Liaoning Provincial Party Committee, Wang Xinwei, Wang Jian, Zhang Chengzhong, Jiang Youwei and Chen Shaowang, leaders of Liaoning Province and Shenyang and Dalian, and relevant responsible comrades of State Grid Corporation attended the relevant activities.

"The elevator is broken, and it has not been repaired for almost a week."

"The unit door is in name only, and outsiders come in and out casually, and the door is covered with psoriasis."

"The sanitary conditions in the community are poor, and garbage is often everywhere, and dirty water is flowing."

"Electric vehicles can be charged by flying wire at will, which is a big safety hazard"

……

In daily life, many people have encountered similar situations in the community. Because of inaction and poor service quality, property is often the object of residents’ spit.

"Small property" affects "great people’s livelihood". In May this year, Anhui deployed and carried out the action of "major investigation, major rectification and major promotion" of property management services throughout the province to comprehensively improve the level of property management services.

Half a year has passed since the "Action". What achievements have been made? What other aspects need further improvement? Recently, People’s Daily reporters visited Hefei, Wuhu and other places in Anhui Province according to the clues provided by netizens.

Dilemma of property disputes

Combing netizens’ messages, we can find that residents are dissatisfied with the property, mostly because of the poor quality of property services, and many "troubles" that plague the masses have not been solved in time and effectively. Faced with the problems reflected by residents, there are problems such as inaction and chaos in the property.

The phenomenon of inaction is more prominent. With the passage of time, many residential areas have problems in roads, walls and water systems. Property companies either turn a blind eye to the problems reflected by residents or delay them.

"Before the renovation of the community, the internal roads were ruined and garbage piled up. We have reflected many times that the previous properties were indifferent." Pan Liying, a resident of Aoyun Kangcheng Community in Nanrui Street, yijiang district, told reporters that she has lived in the community for many years and watched the environment of the community get worse and worse. When talking about the last property company that has been retired, Pan Liying bluntly said that it was "a headache".

In addition to inaction, there are also some property companies that act indiscriminately. In Danqing Garden Community, Heyedi Street, Shushan District, Hefei City, the problem of "difficult parking" for non-motor vehicles is more prominent. "We reflected it to the property six months ago, hoping to plan the electric car parking area reasonably. I didn’t expect the property to arrange several security guards to set up cement on the green space, even if it was a job. " Ms. Zhang, a resident of 6 buildings in the community, was very angry when she talked about the practice of property.

Six electric vehicles in Danqing Garden Community, Heyedi Street, Shushan District, Hefei City were parked in disorder, which affected residents’ travel. Photo courtesy of respondents

"The gap between the original green land and the road surface is tens of centimeters. If the land is uneven, it will be directly paved with cement. The slope is very large, and it is still inconvenient to park. The parking problem has not been solved, and the current practice will also lead to water on rainy days. " Ms. Zhang said that the environment of the community is getting worse and worse under the current property management. "The last industry Committee of the community expired in May 2020. In recent years, without the supervision of the industry Committee, the property has gone its own way."

"The original community pond is very clear, and there are many koi fish. Now it has been dry for many years, and the stones are bare and dilapidated. Reflected to the property many times, without any progress. The elevator is also often broken and people are often trapped. " Ms. Zhang said.

"The property service company of Danqing Garden Community is Hefei Ronglin Property Management Co., Ltd.. In September this year, it was just notified and punished by the Hefei Housing and Construction Department. However, our community still has outstanding problems and there is no improvement. " Mr. Li, the owner of the community, said.

The dry and messy pond in Danqing Garden, Heyedi Street, Shushan District, Hefei City. Photo courtesy of respondents

When reporters visited Hefei, Wuhu and other places, they found that in the face of the opinions of community owners, property companies claimed that they also had difficulties. Property managers in several communities said that the "difficulty in collecting property fees" is a major problem facing the property.

"The daily maintenance of the community requires funds and the charging rate is low, which has an impact on the operation of the property company itself." According to the person in charge of the property class of the Housing and Construction Department of Anhui Province, the poor level of property services leads to residents’ reluctance to pay property fees, and the low rate of property charges leads to a further decline in the level of property services, thus falling into a vicious circle.

How to break the game?

The pavement of the residential area is seriously damaged, the elevators are often damaged, and the electric cars are parked and put in disorder … At the beginning of 2022, the Aoyun Kangcheng residential area in Nanrui Street, yijiang district was in deep trouble.

"After more than a year of rectification, now the lights in our community are on, the elevators are good, and the roads are newly built. The environment is really different." Zhang Yijia, a resident of the community, bluntly said that now he is walking in the community and his mood has become comfortable.

Yijiang district Nanrui Street Aoyun Kangcheng Community Newly Built Road. People’s Daily reporter Gao Feiyue photo

The butterfly change of Aoyun Kangcheng Community is the epitome of the great improvement of the environment in many communities in Wuhu City. In view of the residential property problem, Wuhu City is at the forefront in Anhui Province. Over the past year or so, focusing on the residential property problem, a "key trivial matter" that people feel every day, Wuhu City has carried out a major investigation, rectification and promotion of residential property management services throughout the city.

Since the beginning of 2022, the main responsible comrades of Wuhu Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have conducted in-depth research on residential property management services for many times, and solved the problem with inward determination;

Adhere to the problem-oriented, whether the property rectification is effective or not, whether the residential environment is improving, should take the people’s satisfaction as the standard, and whether the property rectification is effective or not should be decided by the residents of the residential area;

The introduction of measures such as "Guiding Opinions on Assessment and Evaluation of Property Service Quality in Wuhu Residential Quarters" has made the "flat" property "unable to lie down" in Wuhu …

Wuhu City has promoted a series of solid measures and achieved outstanding results. On May 19th, the deployment meeting of Anhui Province’s residential property management service promotion and the construction promotion meeting of "Wanmei Red Property" were held in Wuhu. At the meeting, Wuhu made an exchange speech as a typical representative.

At present, the Housing and Construction Department of Anhui Province has launched a package of effective measures after careful investigation and summing up the advanced experience of various places.

The first is to strengthen "one lead" and build a red property position. Adhere to the guidance of party building and carry out the three-year action of "Red Property in Anhui and the United States". The province has established 14,500 party organizations in residential quarters, with a formation rate of 98%, and basically established a coordinated operation mechanism of community party branches, industry committees and property enterprises under the leadership of community party organizations. Adhere to collaborative linkage, public security, fire protection, market supervision, housing construction and other departments perform their duties, while communities, property companies and industry committees perform their duties, solve residents’ troubles through consultation, and realize the participation, supervision and final say of the people in the community.

"Residents’ Chamber" in Mingjunjiayuan Community, Xiyuan Street, Shushan District, Hefei City. People’s Daily reporter Gao Feiyue photo

The other is to build a "platform" and smooth the channels for the masses to appeal. Open the "1+16+N" and "Talking about Property" message platform in provinces, cities and counties. Establish a mechanism of "quick acceptance, quick verification, quick disposal, quick rectification, quick report and quick return visit" for problem suggestions. Since its opening on August 25th, more than 7,800 complaints and consultations have been accepted and more than 7,500 have been settled.

The other is to carry out "one attack" and create a strong rectification atmosphere. A few days ago, at the third review meeting of the province’s property management service promotion action, the person in charge of the Housing and Construction Department of Anhui Province said that the property management service promotion action has entered a stage of concentrated attack. From now until the Spring Festival, Anhui Province will launch a "100-day attack action" to solve the outstanding problems in eight aspects, such as "parking management of residential vehicles, elevator safety improvement, fire safety issues, and resolution of property conflicts and disputes", so as to effectively improve the level of property management services and build a number of "property management services" throughout the province.

It is also very important to improve the "one system" for the governance of common problems.

"We have established a" red and black list "system for property enterprises, and strengthened the incentive of trustworthiness and the punishment of dishonesty. Conduct a property service review every half month, fully cover the property service quality evaluation and work evaluation, praise the cities with obvious work results, and report the lagging work. " The relevant person in charge of the property class of the Housing and Construction Department of Anhui Province introduced that at present, 1,012 problem property companies have been interviewed, 339 have been punished and 239 have been retired.

By the end of October, Anhui had resolved 81,000 property conflicts and disputes, and the satisfaction rate of the masses increased by 15 percentage points. Relevant practices were promoted by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.

make persistent efforts

As many as 81,000 contradictions and disputes have been resolved, on the one hand, it shows that relevant work has achieved outstanding results. From another aspect, it also shows that the contradiction behind property management is still very prominent.

How to make the community public benefits become "clear accounts"? How to improve the exit mechanism of property companies and solve the difficulty of replacing property companies? How to solve the problems of high application threshold and poor use of residential special maintenance funds? How to improve industry credit management and long-term supervision mechanism? A series of problems still need to be tackled.

"It is not limited to the development of a few short-term actions. It took three years to build the’ Red Property in Anhui and the United States’ at the provincial level, which fully demonstrated our confidence and determination to focus on tackling key problems and work hard for a long time to promote the’ double improvement’ of property service level and mass satisfaction." The person in charge of the relevant departments of the Housing and Construction Department of Anhui Province said that to resolve property conflicts and disputes, on the one hand, government departments need to strengthen the publicity of relevant laws and regulations and property management knowledge, so that property companies and owners can know their due responsibilities and obligations; On the other hand, it needs the joint efforts of relevant government departments, communities, property enterprises and owners to jointly manage, build and govern, and work together to solve the property management problems.

"Property service management is not only a’ key small matter’ around the masses, but also a’ livelihood event’." The relevant person in charge of the Housing and Construction Department of Anhui Province said that the next step will be to solve the problem and take more effective measures to continuously improve the people’s sense of acquisition and satisfaction.

[Episode 3: Returning with Full Load]

"Return" is the ultimate goal of Chang ‘e V, but every step on the way back faces many tests. This episode begins with the take-off from the lunar surface of the probe and tells the journey of Chang ‘e 5 to go home. Take-off on the lunar surface, space pursuit, the first unmanned rendezvous and docking of human beings in lunar orbit, the transfer of lunar samples and re-entry are both thrilling and exciting. On December 17th, the Chang ‘e V returner successfully landed in the scheduled area of Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia.　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

　　The first episode of the large-scale TV feature film "Pilot" and the second episode of "Sailing at the helm" and "Science Guide" will be grandly launched on October 8 at 20: 00 on CCTV-1, the Central Radio and Television General Station, and CCTV news, CCTV video and CCTV network will be launched simultaneously.

　　In order to welcome the victory of the 20th Party Congress, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, together with the Central Party History and Literature Research Institute, the National Development and Reform Commission, the State Administration of Radio and Television, the Central Radio and Television General Station, the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission and other units, produced 16 episodes of large-scale TV feature film "Pilotage". "Pilotage" focuses on the extraordinary and magnificent course that the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core unites and leads the whole party and people of all nationalities in the new era, shows the powerful truth power of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the great practice of the new era, comprehensively reflects the historic achievements and changes in the cause of the party and the country since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and vividly presents the happy life and good spiritual outlook of the people in the new era.

The first episode of sailing at the helm

　　"Jiangshan is the people, the people are Jiangshan, fighting Jiangshan, guarding Jiangshan, and guarding the hearts of the people."

　　In February 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited northern Shaanxi. When Liang Jiahe recalled the seven years of educated youth, he said with deep affection:"At that time, I said that if I had the conditions and opportunities in the future, I would go into politics and do something good for the people."

　　From the yellow land, from the village party secretary to the local leaders, and then to the leaders of the most populous country in the world, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader always cares about the people.

　　"The people’s yearning for a better life is our goal."

　　Since he became the general secretary, he has traveled all over the country in many urban and rural areas, factories, mines, schools and communities, asking about the warmth and coldness, looking at the barn, uncovering the lid, and chatting at home.

　　Let the people live a happy life is the "big country" in the mind of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. He always remembers the daily necessities, food, clothing, housing and transportation of the people, one by one, and one by one.

　　In 2014, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader accepted an exclusive interview with Russian TV:"As national leaders, we have committed ourselves to many countries. We must be conscientious, feel at home, and stay up all night. There is a song called "Where has all the time gone?" Then my time has also gone to other places, which is obviously taken up by work. "

　　People lead and people love.

　　In November 2021, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee profoundly pointed out:

　　The Party’s establishment of the core position of the Party Central Committee and the whole Party, and the guiding position of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era reflect the common aspiration of the whole Party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country, which is of decisive significance to the development of the cause of the Party and the country in the new era and the historical process of promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

The second set of science guide

　　"I think that realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest Chinese dream of the Chinese nation in modern times."

　　The Chinese Dream has given a new era connotation to the persistence and development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and injected inexhaustible power to unite and inspire hundreds of millions of Chinese people to forge ahead.

　　The pace of theoretical innovation of the party in the new era has also started.

　　Theoretical innovation and practical innovation promote each other and reflect each other.

　　From the Third and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the Eighteenth Central Committee to the Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions, the "four comprehensive" strategic layout has been laid out and gradually developed.

　　A series of original new ideas, new ideas and new strategies, the party’s theoretical innovation has made great achievements continuously, and a new theoretical system is ready to emerge.

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China solemnly put forward Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and wrote it into party constitution.

　　The first session of the 13th National People’s Congress passed a constitutional amendment, which enshrined the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era in the Constitution.

　　Just as a new era will not come in the natural evolution without historical initiative, new ideas are by no means created at the flick of a finger.

　　After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, in the face of new situations and new problems, the Supreme Leader General Secretary always has keen insight and in-depth research, and his research footprint is getting deeper and deeper.

　　Giving timely instructions on major issues reflected by all parties is an important way for the CPC Central Committee to govern the country and an important link to promote theoretical innovation.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of important instructions issued by the Supreme Leader General Secretary have vividly reflected the sensitivity and courage of policy makers, and also reflected the feeling that the people have a call and will respond.

　　Theory guides practice, and practice gives birth to theory. With the deepening of the great practice in the new era, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core insists on respecting the initiative of the masses, concentrating the wisdom of the whole party, and constantly studying major issues that have a bearing on the overall situation and the long-term and making arrangements.

　　The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee profoundly pointed out that the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era is contemporary China Marxism and 21st century Marxism, and it is the essence of Chinese culture and China spirit, which has achieved a new leap in the China of Marxism.

　　On April 20th, the journal Tumor Biology (hereinafter translated as Tumor Biology) under SAGE Publishing House in the United States issued a retraction statement, announcing that 107 papers written by China authors would be revoked, which were suspected of providing false peer review information in violation of regulations. Another international organization, The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), claimed: "These illegal operations seem to be planned by some third-party organizations, which provide such illegal services for the authors of papers."

　　107 articles were rejected by journals.

　　The reporter of Beijing Youth Daily saw on the website of Tumor Biology that the journal released a retraction statement on April 20th: "According to the recommendation of the Publishing Ethics Committee, publishers and editors decided to retract the manuscript. After a thorough investigation, we believe that the paper has violated the rules in the peer review process. "

　　In the retraction statement, the journal listed a statement posted on the website of the Publishing Ethics Committee, which stated: "The organization has realized that several journals belonging to different publishers have systematic and inappropriate manipulation in the peer review process. These operations seem to be planned by some third-party organizations, which provide this service for the authors of the papers. "

　　According to the reporter of Beiqing Daily, Oncology Biology is the official magazine of the International Society of Oncology and Biomarkers, which once belonged to Springer-Verlag Publishing House. The website introduces its impact factor as 2.926. Springer Publishing House is one of the largest scientific and technological publishing houses in the world, which is famous for publishing academic publications. At the end of 2016, "Tumor Biology" was transferred to American SAGE Publishing House. Since January this year, American SAGE Publishing House has started publishing this journal.

　　The author of the withdrawn manuscript involves many hospital doctors.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily noticed that there were 107 papers mentioned in Tumor Biology that were withdrawn, involving many cities in China. Most of the authors are hospital doctors, and their institutions are affiliated hospitals of domestic universities, including Zhejiang University Affiliated Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Hospital, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Xiangya No.1, No.2 and No.3 Hospitals and other well-known hospitals.

　　Yesterday, the reporter of Beiqing Daily tried to contact the author of the withdrawn paper listed in the journal. Among them, among several authors published in Regulation of Activating Protein-4-Associated Metastases of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Mir-144 in 2016, Zhang Zefeng, deputy chief physician of the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, admitted that he had published a paper in Tumor Biology at the same time, but he said that he only participated in the relevant research as a member of the scientific research team, and he was not clear about the specific process of publishing the paper. Liu Junfeng, another chief physician of the hospital, refused the interview on the grounds that the identity of the reporter could not be verified.

　　Peer review is accused of fraud.

　　In a statement issued by the Publishing Ethics Committee, it was mentioned: "Some institutions that provide services for authors to publish papers are suspected of fraud in peer review."

　　Peer review mentioned in the retraction statement is a kind of review procedure, and the publishing unit will choose whether to accept the manuscript or not by this method. The specific operation is to let other experts and scholars in the same field review the academic works to be published. In the peer review, the real names and e-mail addresses of experts and scholars participating in the review need to be provided, and the editorial department of academic journals will confirm the review opinions to these experts and scholars by e-mail.

　　Although the names of the peer-reviewed experts of 107 papers that have been rejected are true, their e-mail addresses are suspected to be false. Because many experts who mentioned their names, publishing institutions have their e-mails, which can’t match the e-mail addresses provided in these papers.

　　An industry insider who has been engaged in peer review told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that the editorial department was not sure whether the review comments were true because it was suspected that the email address of the review experts was false.

　　The industry believes that these papers with suspected problems did not fulfill their review duties at the beginning of publication. Because even if the author of the paper provides false peer review information, the editorial department of the journal can contact the experts and scholars who are named for review to verify it, because many of those experts and scholars are in the expert database of academic journals, but they have not verified it.

　　The reporter of Beiqing Daily noticed that in August 2015, springer announced the withdrawal of 64 papers published in its 10 academic journals, all of which were from China authors. As early as March 2015, British publishing house BMC announced the withdrawal of 43 academic articles, 41 of which were written by China. In these two cases, publishers gave reasons for "suspected fraud in peer review".

　　A doctor in the affiliated hospital of Zhejiang University, who asked not to be named, said that no matter how busy the doctor is, he can’t find a third-party agency to represent the paper. "Under normal circumstances, our contributions to international journals are carried out in the journal official website, and we operate in the order of instructions. The paper intermediary is unreliable. If something goes wrong, even the doctor may not be able to do it. Once the paper is considered fraudulent, it will be ruined. "

　　Text/reporter Guo Linlin Intern reporter Xu Lina Liu Sijia

　　Scholars are studying how virtual reality can help treat traumatic stress syndrome, anorexia nervosa and anxiety.

　　Researchers have found that virtual reality (VR) is not only a popular video game, but also can be applied to medical treatment.

　　It has been proved that it has the function of "trauma recovery"

　　"What can the virtual reality displayed by head-mounted devices bring to people?" Professor Skip Rizzo, the head of the medical virtual reality program at the School of Creative Technology of the University of Southern California, said, "It can immerse people in a controllable simulation environment, thus helping them overcome their fears or face the trauma of the past."

　　Rizzo began to study the potential medical applications of virtual reality in 1990s. His early research explored the role of simulated game environment in brain trauma recovery. After the success of this research, he began to study other medical applications. At present, he has proved that virtual reality can help to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), eating disorder, depression and attention deficit disorder.

　　Virtual reality is the most effective treatment for PTSD. PTSD patients generally relieve their illness by staying away from the causes of anxiety, fear, memories and thoughts related to traumatic events. However, such measures can only provide short-term protection. In the long run, it strengthens the cognition that these incentives are harmful, making it more difficult for patients to recover.

　　In order to overcome this difficulty, psychologists invented an extremely effective step-by-step contact therapy. This therapy requires patients to recall traumatic events gradually and repeatedly. The principle is that through this imaginary contact, the problem patient can deal with the emotions related to traumatic events and realize that there is nothing to be afraid of.

　　The key to this therapy is to rely on imagination. But can people really recall traumatic experiences clearly and effectively? What about those who are unwilling or unable to remember?

　　So virtual reality appeared.

　　This technology does not make people imagine scenes or events, but "teleports" the user safely from the comfortable bench in front of the doctor to another space.

　　Advantages and disadvantages of virtual reality interventional therapy

　　Rizzo believes that the benefits of virtual reality interventional therapy are manifold. It circumvents the human tendency to escape, and at the same time "deceives" the brain to believe that this exposure is true.

　　According to Rizzo, the frontal lobe of the brain knows that this is only a simulation, but the limbic system, that is, the fight-and-flight area, can respond in an immersive way. "This is what we are trying to achieve. We try to activate fear, and at the same time there is no actual bad thing to break the conditional cycle. " He said, "This is the charm of this technology. It allows people to interact with what they fear on the cognitive level, while the brain can respond immersively. "

　　Like all exposure therapies, VR therapy makes patients get used to this kind of stimulation or a certain scene gradually, so as to ensure that they will not encounter secondary trauma.

　　But the patient’s wishes are still important. Because even if informed consent is obtained and the process is gradual, there is still evidence that long-term exposure to incentives — — This practice is considered as the "gold standard" therapy for PTSD — — It may also do more harm than good to some patients.

　　According to Slate, the researchers found that this therapy led some veterans to have a tendency of violence, suicide and depression. The relationship between this phenomenon and exposure therapy based on virtual reality is not clear.

　　Rizzo’s lab works with many soldiers or veterans with PTSD. His research shows that virtual reality therapy is more effective than traditional therapy. For example, in a study in 2014, 20 active soldiers received an average of 11 virtual reality immersion sessions each. Among them, 16 soldiers no longer suffered from PTSD after receiving treatment, and the symptoms of PTSD in each of these 20 soldiers were reduced by 50%.

　　The application scope is constantly expanding.

　　A study in January 2019 found that this therapy is also very effective for trauma in the military. By the end of the treatment, 53% of the veterans were diagnosed with PTSD, and three months later, the number dropped to 33%.

　　Other studies have also found that virtual reality can also help treat victims of car accidents and citizens and rescuers involved in the World Trade Center attack.

　　Based on the same principle, this technology is also effective in treating disorders such as anxiety and anorexia: exposing patients to what they fear, so that they can gradually overcome their escape behavior.

　　Dr Giuseppe Riva found that the immersive nature of virtual reality even helps to treat eating disorders. As a professor of psychology at the Catholic University of Milan, Italy, and the chief researcher of the neuropsychological technology application laboratory, Riva first wore a virtual reality helmet in 1995. A wonderful feeling hit him: he couldn’t feel his body. At that time, he was studying anorexia nervosa, which, in his view, was a "disorder of body sensation". He began to think about whether letting patients with eating disorders experience virtual reality environment can help them overcome this disease.

　　In the following years, Riva developed a "realistic" virtual reality experience. In this experience, patients with cognitive disorder of body size can live in another body with different sizes. This "materialization" can alleviate the cognitive disorder of anorexia patients. According to Riva, the working principle of this technology is that due to cognitive dissonance of body size, the brain simulates a larger body than it actually is. To correct this cognition, we can "cheat" it with the real simulation that the brain can’t predict and make it change its cognition.

　　"When you enter another body, your brain will be shocked because it can’t predict and act." He said, "This forces the brain to recalculate the experience of the body."

　　Riva is also studying how virtual reality can treat bulimia. Because of the failure of the mechanism connecting food cognition and eating desire in the brain, people with bulimia can’t stop craving for food. In order to help patients overcome this mechanism, Riva invented an immersive virtual reality environment. In this environment, people are exposed to the food they crave. By simulating food, the subjects have to resist the desire to eat them, thus slowly learning to separate the cognition of food from the desire to eat.

　　This interventional therapy is more effective than traditional behavioral therapy in inhibiting bulimia. Riva believes that this is because virtual reality has a far-reaching impact on people compared with simple language.

　　"Virtual reality directly affects emotional and cognitive mechanisms, and these mechanisms are the basis of human emotions and cognition." He said, "Cognitive behavioral therapy is more suitable for correcting the understanding of specific emotions and feelings. Only by changing both at the same time can the therapeutic effect be achieved. "

　　So far, all these medical applications have been confined to the laboratory. With the gradual popularization of this technology, research will continue to prove its efficacy. Rizzo and Riva said that they have seen that in the near future, doctors all over the world will use virtual reality technology. At the same time, both researchers clearly pointed out that virtual reality will not "replace" traditional therapy, but "assist" it.

　　"People will say, ‘ Oh, all treatments will be done in virtual reality. ’ But this view misses the point. It is just out of the enthusiasm for virtual reality. " Rizzo said, "We can clearly distinguish between deception and enlightening ideas. Research will record something really valuable. "

　　Zhang Jingying Dong Yucan/Compiled

In the vast sea of cars, are you worried about buying a car you like, and can’t make a decision about choosing a scooter you are satisfied with? Today, we will recommend 8 economical scooters to you, hoping to bring some help to your purchase.

Chang ‘an Yuexiang (model configuration picture quotation) hatchback

Changan Yuexiang hatchback and sedan models originated from the same platform, which used the same 1.5L engine and gearbox. In addition to the hatchback design, Yuexiang hatchback is the same as Yuexiang sedan in appearance and interior. Similarly, the pricing range of Yuexiang hatchback model is also close to that of Yuexiang sedan.

Yuexiang hatchback focuses on young post-80s users. Besides its dynamic and fashionable appearance, the price of Yuexiang hatchback is also very attractive. In fact, judging from the wheelbase of 2515mm, the body size of Yuexiang hatchback is close to that of compact car. In addition to the 5-speed manual model, the Yuexiang hatchback is also equipped with the same 4AT gearbox as the Yuexiang sedan automatic model, which can meet the needs of users with different needs.

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Changan Suzuki New Alto (model configuration picture quotation)

It is not difficult to see how much consumers like this car from the hot sale of New Alto (model configuration picture quotation). Although the name is still called "Alto", this car has nothing to do with the old Alto. Because the new Alto has adopted a brand-new appearance and interior design, the main style is mainly fashionable and lovely, which is very pleasing to young consumers.

The overall interior layout of the new Alto is simple and generous, and every detail fully considers the actual use needs of users, which is more humanized.

Although the new Alto is a small car, this car has a significant upgrade in body size. Its length and width are as high as 3500/1600/1470mm and its wheelbase is 2360 mm. Therefore, in the internal space, the new Alto can satisfy most beginners.

In the interior design of the new Alto, engineers strive to achieve simplicity in order to achieve maximum space utilization. Although the material selection of the new Alto interior is general, the detailed workmanship of this car still exceeds that of many independent models with close price.

The new Alto adopts Suzuki 1.0L K10B all-aluminum engine with a maximum power of 52kW and a peak torque of 92N.m.

In addition to the 5-speed manual gearbox, there is also a 4-speed automatic gearbox. This newly upgraded power combination is very suitable for daily urban transportation.

While meeting the users’ demand for power, the actual fuel consumption of the new Alto is only about 5.8L, so the fuel economy performance is also good. In addition, combined with the price of the new Alto, this car is a cost-effective joint venture small car suitable for beginners.

Chery Ruiqi X1 (model configuration picture quotation)

Ruiqi X1 is known as "mini SUV", and this car is also a CROSS car with a cross-border banner. Compared with the previous Ruiqi M1 (model configuration picture quotation), the Ruiqi X1 only has a slight change in the appearance of the car body, such as blackened headlights, CROSS surrounding kits for the whole car, luggage racks and other crossover-specific equipment.

In the interior, the layout styles of Ruiqi X1 and M1 are basically the same. In addition, because the wheelbase of the Ruiqi X1 and the Ruiqi M1 are both 2330mm, there is no difference in the interior space of the two cars. In terms of power, the Ruiqi X1 is equipped with the same ACTECO 1.3L engine as the Ruiqi M1. Its maximum output power is 62kW, and its peak torque reaches 122N.m. On the whole, this car of Ruiqi X1 is only different in subdivision and positioning, but it is not much different from Ruiqi M1 in performance.

Haima (model configuration picture quotation) Cupid (model configuration picture quotation)

The appearance of Cupid Hippocampus is very similar to that of mazda 2 (model configuration picture quotation), but except for the overall outline of the car body, Cupid adopts original design in details.

For example, the air intake grille with family logo, headlight group and body waistline.

At the same time, Cupid also continues the practical style of Haima in interior design. The all-black interior with barrel instrument panel looks very sporty. Only in terms of appearance and interior modeling, Cupid is also a car that is very suitable for young consumers.

In terms of body size, Cupid’s body length is only 15mm shorter than that of Mazda 2, while the body width and height are the same as those of mazda 2. In addition, the wheelbase of Cupid is 10mm more than that of Mazida 2. Therefore, the internal space of Cupid is not much different from that of mazda 2, which can meet the daily use of ordinary households.

Cupid has two powertrains, of which the maximum power of the 1.3L model is 68kW and the peak torque reaches 124N.m. The maximum power of the 1.5L model is 78kW and the peak torque is 141N.m.

Cupid with two displacements is equipped with a 5-speed manual transmission. Although the manual model is more fun to drive, it also lacks the convenience of automatic transmission.

As an ordinary city, Cupid’s power output of 1.3L is completely sufficient. At the same time, the price/performance ratio of Cupid 1.3L model is more outstanding than that of 1.5L model, because the guide price of Cupid’s lowest manual and practical 1.3L model is only 53,900 yuan. Compared with mazda 2, Cupid’s car purchase cost is also very approachable.

(Editor: Ma Xin)

Internal emergency word [2021] No.23

The relevant offices of the emergency management bureaus, departments and organs of each Union City:

The emergency rescue plan for production safety accidents of metallic and nonmetallic mines in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (for Trial Implementation) is hereby printed and distributed to you, please conscientiously implement it according to the actual situation.

March 15, 2021

Metal and nonmetallic mines in Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionProduction safety accident

Emergency rescue plan (for Trial Implementation)

1 General rules

1.1 Purpose of compilation

In order to thoroughly implement the instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on emergency management, safe production, disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work, firmly establish the concept of people first and life first, comprehensively improve the emergency rescue response capability of production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines in the autonomous region, timely and effectively handle production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines, standardize the emergency management and emergency response procedures for production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines, establish an emergency rescue working mechanism with unified leadership, graded responsibility and rapid response, minimize casualties and property losses, and earnestly safeguard people’s lives.

1.2 working principles

(1) People-oriented, safety first. Give top priority to ensuring people’s personal safety and health, and prevent and reduce casualties and property losses caused by production safety accidents to the maximum extent. Effectively strengthen the safety protection of emergency rescue personnel, prevent secondary disasters from expanding the scope of accidents during the rescue process, and give full play to the backbone role of professional rescue forces and the basic role of the people.

(2) Unified leadership and graded responsibility. Under the unified leadership of the Party committee and government of the autonomous region, the people’s governments at or above the county level and the relevant departments of the autonomous region shall, according to their respective duties and authorities, be responsible for the emergency management and emergency disposal of production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines. Metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises are the main body responsible for emergency rescue of production safety accidents. In accordance with relevant regulations, they should formulate emergency rescue plans for production safety accidents and strengthen drills, store emergency relief materials, establish full-time and part-time emergency rescue teams, and improve the emergency management mechanism.

(3) The combination of areas and regions is mainly territorial. The leadership and command of on-site emergency response to production safety accidents shall be given priority to by the local people’s government, and the chief executive of the local people’s government shall be responsible. The relevant departments of the autonomous region shall closely cooperate with the local people’s government and give full play to the guiding and coordinating role of accident emergency rescue.

(4) Relying on science and standardizing according to law. According to the actual situation of the emergency rescue site, scientifically and reasonably formulate the on-site emergency rescue plan, give priority to the use of domestic and international advanced emergency rescue equipment and technology, make overall arrangements for all kinds of emergency rescue forces, give full play to the technical support role of emergency rescue experts, and effectively improve the emergency rescue capability of production safety accidents. Standardize emergency rescue work according to law to ensure the scientific, authoritative and operable emergency plan.

(5) Prevention first, combining peacetime with wartime. Thoroughly implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first, comprehensive treatment" and adhere to the combination of emergency rescue and accident prevention. Do a good job in prevention, prediction, early warning and forecasting, and do a good job in risk assessment, material reserve, team building, equipment improvement, and pre-plan drills under normal conditions.

1.3 compilation basis

(1) People’s Republic of China (PRC) Law on Work Safety;

(2) People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Response Law;

(3) People’s Republic of China (PRC) Mine Safety Law;

(4) Emergency Regulations on Production Safety Accidents;

(5) Regulations on Reporting, Investigation and Handling of Production Safety Accidents;

(6) Regulations of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on Work Safety;

(7) Measures for the Administration of Emergency Plans for Production Safety Accidents;

(8) Measures for the Administration of Emergency Plans;

(9) National Emergency Plan for Production Safety Accidents and Disasters;

(10) Overall Emergency Plan for Emergencies in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region;

(11) Notice of the General Office of the State Administration of Work Safety on Printing and Distributing the Framework Guidelines for Emergency Plans of Safety Supervision Departments (No.222 [2011] of the General Office of Work Safety);

(12) Safety Regulations for Metal and Non-metal Mines.

1.4 Scope of application

This plan is applicable to the emergency rescue work of the following metal and nonmetal mine production safety accidents within the administrative area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region:

(1) a major accident that causes more than 10 deaths and less than 30 deaths, or more than 50 people and less than 100 people are seriously injured, or more than 50 million yuan and less than 100 million yuan of direct economic losses;

(2) Exceeding the emergency handling capacity of the Union Administrative Office and the Municipal People’s Government, or major and above accidents across the administrative region of the Union City; ?

(3) according to the requirements of the higher authorities and the Party committee and government of the autonomous region, the rescue degree is difficult and complicated, the social concern is high, and the influence is wide, which requires the autonomous region to coordinate all forces to deal with the accident urgently;

(4) other accidents that need emergency treatment in the autonomous region.

2 organizational system and responsibilities of relevant institutions

2.1 emergency rescue organizations and responsibilities

2.1.1 Autonomous Region Emergency Management Office

The emergency management department of the autonomous region set up a leading group for emergency rescue and command of production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines (hereinafter referred to as the "leading group"), which is responsible for the organization, coordination and command of emergency rescue of production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines under the unified leadership of the Party committee and government of the autonomous region.

Group leader: Party Secretary and Director of the Emergency Management Department of the Autonomous Region.

Deputy Head: Member of the Party Committee and Deputy Director in charge of the Emergency Management Department of the Autonomous Region.

Members: Office, Press and Publicity Department, Policy and Regulation Department, Investigation, Evaluation and Statistics Department, Disaster Relief and Material Support Department, Emergency Command and Dispatch Center, Rescue Coordination and Plan Management Department, Earthquake and Geological Disaster Rescue Department, Safety Production Foundation Department, Safety Production Comprehensive Coordination Department, Safety Production Enforcement Bureau and Emergency Rescue Expert Group.

(1) Responsibilities of the leading group: to implement the relevant laws, regulations and rules of the state and autonomous regions on emergency rescue of production safety accidents, and guide the emergency rescue headquarters at the accident site to formulate emergency rescue plans; Responsible for the comprehensive coordination, command and dispatch of emergency rescue, mobilize and deploy professional emergency rescue teams and social emergency rescue forces, coordinate and deploy emergency rescue machinery, equipment, materials and equipment, and dispatch and guide accident emergency rescue work; Collect and master the accident and emergency rescue work, timely convey the instructions of the superior and the instructions of the Party Committee and government of the autonomous region, release relevant information to the relevant media, and report the progress of accident emergency rescue work to the Emergency Management Department and the Party Committee and government of the autonomous region in a timely manner.

(2) Members’ responsibilities:

Office: responsible for the internal and external liaison and coordination of the leading group. Responsible for conveying and implementing the instructions of the group leader and deputy group leader on emergency rescue work, receiving important instructions and instructions from the leading comrades of the Party Committee and government of the autonomous region, submitting them to the leaders of the office for reading and approving, and supervising the implementation, and assisting in meeting preparation, manuscript review and information submission.

Press and Publicity Department: responsible for news and publicity of accident emergency rescue and public opinion response. Inform the public and the news media about the accident and emergency rescue, assist the local government and relevant departments to do a good job in the news release of the accident scene, and correctly guide the media and public opinion.

Policy and Regulation Department: responsible for the legality review, administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation of normative documents on accidents and emergency rescue.

Investigation, Evaluation and Statistics Department: to undertake the investigation and handling of production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines at the same level, supervise and guide the investigation and accountability of accidents at lower levels, and make statistical analysis of emergency rescue work.

Disaster Relief and Material Support Department: organize and coordinate the allocation and emergency distribution of important emergency relief materials, organize and coordinate with relevant departments of the autonomous region to urgently transfer and resettle the affected people, provide subsidies for the restoration and reconstruction of houses damaged by the disaster and provide living assistance to the affected people, and undertake the management, distribution and supervision of the use of relief funds and materials in the autonomous region.

Emergency command and dispatch center: to undertake the comprehensive work of the headquarters of major production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines in the autonomous region. Responsible for receiving and handling the accident and emergency rescue information reported by the accident place, receiving and conveying the instructions of the emergency management department, the party committee and government of the autonomous region on emergency rescue, reporting the accident and emergency rescue situation and superior instructions to the team leader and deputy team leader in time, and issuing relevant instructions according to the instructions of the team leader and deputy team leader. Be responsible for notifying the members of the leading group to immediately respond to the emergency rescue and disposal of accidents, communicate with on-site emergency personnel and emergency rescue teams, coordinate professional emergency rescue teams and social emergency rescue forces in the whole region, coordinate emergency rescue machinery and equipment, and command and dispatch the emergency rescue work where accidents occur.

Rescue Coordination and Plan Management Office: it undertakes the on-site coordination and guarantee work of the headquarters of the autonomous region to deal with major production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines, coordinates and guides the construction of emergency rescue forces in the whole region, and guides the construction of local and social emergency rescue forces.

Earthquake and geological disaster rescue department: to guide and coordinate the emergency rescue work of metallic and nonmetallic mine accidents caused by earthquake or geological disasters.

Safety production foundation: responsible for providing relevant information of accident units, organizing relevant experts to participate in the formulation of emergency rescue plans and emergency rescue work.

Comprehensive Coordination Office of Work Safety: Coordinate and contact the relevant member units of the Autonomous Region Safety Committee to participate in the emergency rescue work of production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines.

Law Enforcement Bureau of Work Safety: Participate in the emergency rescue of production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines.

Emergency rescue expert group: according to the actual situation of the accident site, carefully analyze the causes of the accident, participate in the formulation of the rescue plan for production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines, and timely put forward suggestions on the adjustment of the rescue plan according to the progress of the rescue work; Participate in the formulation and implementation of on-site emergency rescue safety technical measures, strictly guard against on-site rescue secondary disasters, effectively prevent and control the expansion of accidents and disasters, and put forward technical opinions and suggestions for emergency rescue decision-making. ?

2.1.2 On-site emergency rescue headquarters and responsibilities

According to the principle of graded response, the on-site emergency rescue headquarters is composed of the municipal people’s government of the Union where the accident occurred. The main person in charge of the municipal people’s government of the Union is the chief commander of the on-site emergency rescue, the person in charge of the municipal people’s government of the Union is the deputy commander of the on-site emergency rescue, and the relevant departments and units of the municipal people’s government of the Union, the people’s governments at flag and county levels, metal and nonmetal mining enterprises with accidents, relevant medical institutions, professional rescue teams, social rescue forces and emergency rescue expert groups are members of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters. On-site emergency rescue headquarters set up comprehensive coordination group, emergency rescue group, material logistics group, medical and health group, transportation group, public opinion control group, professional and technical group and other organizations, responsible for directing all rescue teams, machinery and equipment and rescue personnel participating in accident emergency rescue, and reporting the progress of accident and emergency rescue work to the emergency management office of the autonomous region in time. The emergency management department of the autonomous region sent a working group to participate in the emergency rescue at the scene of the accident, to guide the emergency rescue work at the scene of the accident, and to assist the emergency rescue headquarters in coordinating the emergency rescue team, emergency rescue machinery, equipment and professional technical force. Need external rescue forces and rescue machinery and equipment reinforcements, submitted to the autonomous region emergency management department unified coordination and scheduling.

Metal and nonmetallic mine accidents cross several administrative regions of the Union City, cross many industrial fields or have a significant impact. With the consent of the leading comrades of the Party Committee and the government of the autonomous region, the people’s government of the autonomous region will set up an on-site emergency rescue headquarters. The leading comrades and leaders in charge of the people’s government of the autonomous region are the chief commander and deputy commander of the on-site emergency rescue respectively, and the relevant departments and units of the autonomous region government are members of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters to uniformly command and coordinate the on-site emergency rescue work. The on-site emergency rescue headquarters office is located in the emergency management department of the autonomous region, and is responsible for conveying and implementing the instructions and orders of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters, coordinating and contacting, and organizing the emergency rescue work for production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines.

2.2 Department cooperation

If the emergency rescue work of metallic and nonmetallic mine accidents needs the cooperation of multi-departments in the autonomous region, under the unified leadership of the Party committee and government of the autonomous region, the emergency management department of the autonomous region communicates and coordinates with the relevant departments of public security, industry and information, ecological environment, natural resources, health, meteorology, communications, news propaganda and public opinion control in a timely manner, and works closely together to carry out emergency rescue work.

3 prevention and early warning mechanism

3.1 Monitoring and reporting of major risks and hidden dangers

In accordance with the relevant laws, regulations and rules of the state and the autonomous region, metallic and nonmetallic mining enterprises should establish archives for major risk control and rectification of major accident hidden dangers, formulate work plans according to the requirements of implementation time limit, personnel, funds, measures and plan "Five Implementations", timely implement risk control measures, timely implement rectification of potential safety hazards, and submit relevant materials to the local emergency management departments at the county level for the record as required. Analyze and study the major potential risks that may cause accidents in time, take effective preventive measures, stop production and evacuate people when necessary, and strictly prevent the occurrence of production safety accidents.

Emergency management departments at all levels in the autonomous region and relevant emergency rescue agencies should establish archives of major risks and hidden dangers in metallic and nonmetallic mines within their respective jurisdictions, regularly analyze and study the hidden dangers that may lead to production safety accidents, study and formulate emergency rescue work plans and strengthen drills, promptly notify relevant departments and enterprises to take effective preventive measures, and timely report or notify the local people’s government or relevant departments about major risks and hidden dangers in accordance with relevant regulations.

3.2 Early warning mechanism

According to the safety risks and hidden dangers of metal and nonmetallic mines in different seasons, different time periods and different regions, and according to the recent accidents of metal and nonmetallic mines in the autonomous region and other provinces and cities, the emergency management department of the autonomous region and the emergency management departments of the Union City and Qixian County timely issued accident warning information such as accident notification and reminder letter to the lower emergency management departments and metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises, learned from the accident lessons, took preventive measures in time, strengthened hidden danger investigation or special inspection, and strengthened accident prevention and early warning to prevent similar accidents or other accidents.

3.3 accident report

After a production safety accident, metal and nonmetal mining enterprises should quickly start emergency response, fully carry out accident rescue work under the premise of ensuring the safety of rescuers, implement safety precautions to prevent the accident from expanding, and fully reduce casualties and property losses.

(1) After an accident occurs in a metal and nonmetal mining enterprise, the relevant personnel at the site shall immediately report the accident to the person in charge of the enterprise, and immediately carry out self-help and mutual rescue according to the on-site emergency disposal work plan under the condition of ensuring their own safety. In case of emergency, the relevant personnel at the scene of the accident can directly report to the emergency management department of the people’s government at or above the county level where the accident occurred and the relevant departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety.

(2) After receiving the accident report, the person in charge of the enterprise shall report to the emergency management department of the local people’s government at the county level and the relevant departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety within 1 hour, and the emergency management department at the county level and the relevant departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety shall report to the people’s government at the county level.

(3) The emergency management departments at the county level and the relevant departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety shall report the accident information step by step, the major accidents shall be reported to the emergency management department of the people’s government of the autonomous region and the relevant departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety step by step, and the major and especially serious accidents shall be reported to the emergency management department of the State Council and the relevant departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety step by step, and the reporting time at each level shall not exceed 2 hours.

(4) The emergency management department of the autonomous region shall report the accident to the people’s government of the autonomous region and the emergency management department in a timely manner after receiving the report of major and above accidents.

(5) The main contents of the accident report: the general situation of the accident unit; The time and place of the accident and the scene of the accident; A brief account of the accident; The number of casualties caused or likely to be caused by the accident (including the number of people unaccounted for) and the preliminary estimated direct economic losses; Measures already taken; Other circumstances that should be reported. In the process of emergency rescue, it is necessary to report the progress of emergency rescue work in time.

3.4 Site protection

After the occurrence of production safety accidents, metal and nonmetal mining enterprises should strengthen the safety protection at the scene of the accident, set up a working group for on-site safety protection, draw a warning distance, delimit the warning range, hang warning signs, appease the emotions of relevant personnel, discourage irrelevant personnel from watching and persuade irrelevant personnel to stay away from the scene of the accident. Without the approval of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters, it is strictly forbidden for any organization or individual to blindly enter the scene of the accident to rescue people in distress, prevent secondary disasters or expand the scope of the accident, and effectively protect the lives and property of emergency rescue and other related personnel.

4 emergency response

4.1 accident classification

According to the Regulations on Reporting, Investigation and Handling of Production Safety Accidents, production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines are divided into four levels.

(1) Particularly serious accident: refers to an accident that causes more than 30 deaths, or more than 100 serious injuries (including acute industrial poisoning, the same below), or direct economic losses of more than 100 million yuan.

(2) Major accident: refers to an accident that causes more than 10 deaths and less than 30 deaths, or more than 50 serious injuries and less than 100 serious injuries, or direct economic losses ranging from 50 million yuan to 100 million yuan.

(3) Major accident: refers to an accident that causes more than 3 people and less than 10 people to die, or more than 10 people and less than 50 people to be seriously injured, or more than 10 million yuan and less than 50 million yuan to cause direct economic losses;

(4) General accident: refers to an accident that causes less than 3 deaths, or less than 10 serious injuries, or direct economic losses of less than 10 million yuan.

4.2 Response classification

According to the accident level, the accident emergency response is divided into four levels:

(1) Level 1 (Level 1) response: refers to the emergency response in case of particularly serious production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines, and the emergency management department is responsible for starting the emergency response and organizing and directing the emergency rescue work. In the initial stage of the first-level response, under the unified leadership of the Party committee and government of the autonomous region, the emergency management department of the autonomous region is specifically responsible for directing, coordinating and organizing the implementation of emergency rescue work. At the same time of initial emergency response, the emergency management department of the autonomous region should immediately report to the emergency management department.

(2) Level 2 (Level 2) response: refers to the emergency response to major metal and nonmetal mine production safety accidents. Under the unified leadership of the Party committee and government of the autonomous region, the emergency management department of the autonomous region is specifically responsible for the organization, command and coordination of emergency response actions. At the same time of emergency response, the emergency management department of the autonomous region should immediately report to the emergency management department. When the on-site emergency rescue force is insufficient to meet the needs of the on-site emergency rescue work, the emergency management department should be immediately requested to give reinforcements.

(3) Three-level (III-level) response: refers to the emergency response to a major production safety accident in metal and nonmetal mines, and the people’s government at the municipal level of the League will start the corresponding level of emergency response according to the severity of the accident and organize emergency rescue work. The emergency management department of the autonomous region sent a working group to guide the on-site emergency rescue work, assist the on-site emergency rescue headquarters to coordinate and mobilize the emergency rescue forces in the region to participate in the emergency rescue work.

(4) Four-level (IV-level) response: refers to the emergency response to the production safety accidents in general metal and nonmetal mines, and the people’s governments at the banner and county levels start the corresponding emergency response according to the severity of the accidents and organize emergency rescue work. The Union City Emergency Management Bureau sent a working group to guide the on-site emergency rescue work, assist the on-site emergency rescue headquarters to coordinate and mobilize the emergency rescue forces of the Union City to participate in the emergency rescue work.

4.3 Response procedure

4.3.1 Level 4 (IV) Response

In the event of a general production safety accident, under the unified leadership of the local people’s governments of counties and counties, the emergency management departments of counties and counties immediately start the four-level (IV) response and enter the four-level (IV) response procedure. In accordance with the response procedures and division of responsibilities, immediately organize the implementation of emergency rescue work, and actively coordinate relevant departments to do a good job in traffic safety, communication, medical rescue, news release, logistics support and after-care treatment, and timely report the progress of accidents and emergency rescue work to the people’s government at the same level and the emergency management department at a higher level.

4.3.2 Three-level (Ⅲ) response

In the event of a major production safety accident, under the unified leadership of the local Union Municipal People’s Government, the Union Municipal Emergency Management Department immediately launched a three-level (III-level) response and entered a three-level (III-level) response procedure. In accordance with the response procedures and division of responsibilities, immediately organize the implementation of emergency rescue work, and actively coordinate relevant departments to do a good job in traffic safety, communication, medical rescue, news release, logistics support and after-care treatment, and timely report the progress of accidents and emergency rescue work to the people’s government at the same level and the emergency management department at a higher level. After receiving the accident report, the emergency management department of the autonomous region shall report to the people’s government of the autonomous region and the emergency management department in accordance with the regulations, and immediately send a working group to the scene of the accident to guide the relevant work of accident rescue.

After the accident, the enterprise where the accident occurred and the local people’s government immediately launched an emergency response and reported it in time according to the accident level.

4.3.3 Secondary (Ⅱ) Response

In case of major and above production safety accidents, after receiving the accident report, the emergency management department of the autonomous region immediately starts the second-level (II-level) response and enters the second-level (II-level) response procedure. Specific response procedures are as follows:

(1) After receiving the report of major and above production safety accidents, the emergency command and dispatch center of the office shall immediately report to the main leaders and leaders in charge of the office, and notify the main persons in charge of the emergency command and dispatch center of the office and relevant business offices. The main leaders of the department immediately directed the start of the second-level (II-level) response to production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines, and quickly entered the second-level (II-level) emergency response state. At the same time, the accident information will be reported to the party Committee, government and emergency management department of the autonomous region.

(2) Under the unified leadership of the Party committee and government of the autonomous region, the emergency management department of the autonomous region immediately launched an emergency response mechanism and set up a leading group for emergency rescue command of production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines to organize, command and coordinate the emergency rescue work of production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines in a unified way.

(3) A working group led by the main leaders or leaders in charge of the office, the main heads of relevant business offices and professional and technical personnel rushed to the scene of the accident to investigate and verify the relevant situation at the scene of the accident, guide and assist the on-site emergency rescue headquarters to study and formulate emergency rescue work plans and carry out accident rescue work.

(4) According to the responsibilities stipulated in the Overall Emergency Plan for Emergencies in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, timely notify the relevant departments of the autonomous region to assist the local authorities to do a good job in traffic, transportation, communication, meteorology, materials, medical care, environmental protection, public security, personnel evacuation and resettlement, emergency equipment and emergency forces at the scene of the accident.

(5) The members of the emergency rescue command leading group of the Office (related business offices of the Office) shall organize a special meeting for analysis, judgment and consultation according to the progress of emergency rescue work at the scene of the accident, emergency rescue teams, equipment and materials, and the difficulties and problems existing in the rescue work, and provide the emergency rescue site with relevant information such as work plans, experts, teams, equipment and materials.

(6) According to the demand information of rescue teams, machinery, equipment, materials and other emergency resources at the scene of the accident, coordinate, organize and mobilize national and autonomous regional professional emergency rescue teams and social rescue forces, machinery and equipment, materials and other emergency rescue resources, and vigorously support the emergency rescue work at the scene of the accident. According to the needs of on-site rescue, the on-site working group composed of relevant professional and technical personnel and experts in related fields will be sent again to the scene of the accident to guide the rescue.

(7) The news propaganda department of the office shall timely inform the media about the progress of the accident and emergency rescue work, grasp the trend of public opinion, pay close attention to public opinion and actively respond to social concerns.

(8) According to the progress of accident rescue work, timely report the accident emergency rescue work to the Party committee, government and emergency management department of the autonomous region. Carry out accident investigation in a timely manner or assist in accident investigation.

4.4 Command and coordination

After the autonomous region started the second-level (II-level) emergency response, the emergency rescue command leading group of the office assisted the on-site emergency rescue headquarters in organizing, directing and coordinating the emergency rescue work at the accident site.

(1) According to the needs of on-site emergency rescue work and the layout of emergency rescue forces for production safety, coordinate and mobilize relevant emergency rescue teams, machinery, equipment and materials to fully guarantee the needs of accident rescue work.

(2) Organize relevant experts to guide on-site emergency rescue work, participate in formulating on-site emergency rescue work plan, formulate and implement safety technical measures, closely guard against secondary, derivative and coupling accidents (incidents), and decisively control or cut off the accident chain.

(3) in view of the secondary and derivative accidents or disasters caused or possibly caused by the accident, timely notify the relevant departments of the autonomous region to start the corresponding emergency plan.

(4) Coordinate the emergency management departments of neighboring provinces and cities where the accident occurred to cooperate and support the emergency rescue work.

(5) When the accident involves Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan or foreign personnel, it shall be reported to the People’s Government of the autonomous region to coordinate with the Foreign Affairs Office for support and cooperation.

(6) When necessary, report to the people’s government of the autonomous region to coordinate the participation of the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force in accident emergency rescue.

4.5 On-site emergency treatment

(1) After the accident, the accident enterprise should immediately start the accident emergency response, set up an emergency rescue organization with the main person in charge as the team leader, formulate the emergency rescue work plan, implement safety precautions, deploy emergency rescue equipment, equipment and materials, organize the emergency rescue personnel of the enterprise to carry out emergency rescue quickly, get through the rescue channel on the premise of ensuring the safety of rescue personnel, rescue people in distress, strictly put an end to blind rescue and adventure rescue, and prevent the accident from expanding. Call 120 in time to provide medical assistance to the rescued people in distress.

(2) After receiving the accident report, the people’s governments of the Union City and counties where the accident occurred and the relevant departments, the relevant responsible comrades should immediately rush to the scene of the accident, start the corresponding emergency response in time, set up the emergency rescue headquarters at the scene of the accident, strictly perform the duties of the local people’s government in emergency rescue, and organize the emergency rescue work.

(3) After receiving the emergency rescue instructions from the local people’s government and relevant departments or the request of the accident-related enterprises, the relevant units, various professional emergency rescue teams and relevant medical institutions in the accident place shall participate in the accident rescue work in time.

(4) Under the unified organization and command of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters, evacuate people who may be affected by the accident in time, evacuate and transfer people who are affected or threatened, implement protective measures to protect the safety of people around the incident, determine emergency shelters, provide necessary daily necessities, implement medical treatment and disease prevention, and do a good job in public security management.

(5) Organize and command all kinds of emergency rescue teams and social rescue forces to participate in emergency rescue work, strengthen the personal safety protection of emergency rescue personnel, strictly control the number of people entering the accident area, formulate strict and reliable safety protection measures, equip emergency rescue equipment and equipment, effectively protect the lives of rescue personnel, and strictly prevent and control the expansion of the situation. It is necessary to give priority to the use of large-scale mechanical equipment and advanced emergency rescue technology to carry out emergency rescue work for metallic and nonmetallic mine accidents, seize time, speed and efficiency, and race against time to carry out on-site emergency rescue work.

(6) Open a special emergency rescue channel to ensure that emergency rescue teams and materials arrive at the scene of the accident as soon as possible. When major accidents such as major mine flooding, large-scale goaf caving and major landslides occur, and the manpower and material resources for emergency rescue on site are insufficient, the local government will mobilize social forces and requisition relief materials according to law to ensure the needs of emergency rescue work.

4.6 information release

After the occurrence of major metal and nonmetal mine production safety accidents, the news and propaganda department of the Department shall assist the municipal people’s government of the League in unified and centralized management of external information release. According to the provisions of relevant national laws and regulations, following the principles of openness, transparency and timeliness, timely hold a press conference to inform the emergency rescue work of accidents, publicize the causes of production safety accidents, casualties, the proposed emergency rescue work plan, the progress of rescue work and the next emergency rescue measures, actively respond to the concerns of the public and the news media, and correctly guide the media and public opinion.

4.7 End of emergency

The scene of major production safety accidents has been effectively controlled, all the people in distress have been rescued, all the bodies of the victims have been found, and the ecological environment at the scene has met the relevant standards, resulting in the elimination of hidden dangers of secondary and derivative accidents. After being confirmed by the on-site emergency rescue headquarters and reported to the people’s government of the autonomous region for approval, the implementation of this plan will be terminated, and the emergency rescue team, machinery and equipment and related personnel will be evacuated from the scene, and the on-site emergency rescue work will be over.

After the on-site emergency rescue work, the on-site emergency rescue headquarters shall organize to write a summary of the on-site emergency rescue work and submit it to the people’s government of the autonomous region and the emergency management department of the autonomous region. The main contents of the written summary include: the accident and rescue process, the main causes of the accident, casualties and economic losses, the main measures and lessons learned in the emergency rescue process, the implementation effect and evaluation of the emergency rescue plan, the lessons to be learned from production safety accidents and the safety precautions to be taken.

5 post-disposal

5.1 aftermath disposal

Supervise and guide the Municipal People’s Government of the League to be responsible for organizing and handling the aftermath of accidents, including giving pensions to those who are sick, disabled or killed due to participating in emergency rescue work in accordance with relevant state regulations, compensating for requisitioned materials and compensation for damage to requisitioned materials, coordinating insurance companies to make claims in a timely manner, and promptly starting post-disaster reconstruction and pollutant collection, cleaning and treatment. Eliminate the consequences and effects of the accident as soon as possible, properly resettle, compensate and sympathize with the victims and affected personnel, ensure social stability and restore normal order as soon as possible.

5.2 Investigation and summary evaluation

According to the casualties of production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines, and in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Reporting, Investigation and Handling of Production Safety Accidents, the local people’s government will form an accident investigation team to organize the investigation and handling of accidents, and the emergency management department of the people’s government at a higher level will supervise the investigation and handling of accidents. After the accident investigation and handling is completed, the accident investigation report will be submitted to the people’s government in charge of the accident investigation for approval and closing, and the accident investigation will be over.

Emergency management departments at all levels are responsible for collecting and sorting out records, plans, documents and other materials formed in the process of emergency rescue, organizing relevant experts to evaluate the whole process of the start, implementation, command and logistics support of emergency rescue plans, analyzing and summarizing the experience and lessons of emergency rescue work, supplementing and perfecting the relevant contents of emergency rescue plans, putting forward opinions and suggestions on improving and strengthening emergency management, and reporting the summary evaluation report to the people’s government at the same level and the emergency management department of the autonomous region within one month after the emergency response is completed.

6 safeguard measures

6.1 Communication and Information Guarantee

Emergency management departments at all levels command and dispatch center on duty telephone to ensure that 24 hours a day, the main person in charge of the relevant business offices and relevant professionals to ensure that they can get in touch at any time. Make full use of wired telephones, mobile phones, satellites, the Internet and other means to ensure smooth communication between all parties concerned.

Command and dispatch center of the Department shall establish communication links with emergency management departments of Union City, counties, relevant departments and units of mine production safety accident emergency rescue, professional emergency rescue teams and social emergency rescue forces, large-scale emergency rescue machinery and equipment suppliers and emergency rescue expert groups to ensure smooth communication.

The emergency management departments at Union City, Banner County and various professional emergency rescue teams are responsible for collecting, collating and updating information on relevant emergency rescue resources in their own departments and regions, establishing emergency rescue resource database, strengthening daily communication management and ensuring smooth communication.

6.2 Emergency Support and Guarantee

(1) Emergency rescue equipment support. Metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises are equipped with emergency rescue materials and equipment in accordance with relevant regulations. People’s governments at or above the banner level reserve a certain amount of emergency rescue equipment according to the needs and characteristics of production safety accident rescue in metallic and nonmetallic mines in the region, and sign a certain amount of reserve contracts with relevant manufacturers or suppliers based on existing production and operation resources to supplement and improve the specifications and types of emergency rescue equipment. When necessary, the people’s governments at or above the county level shall timely mobilize and requisition social materials in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. Inter-provincial and inter-departmental material calls shall be coordinated by the emergency management department of the autonomous region.

(2) Emergency rescue team guarantee. Metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises must establish a mine emergency rescue team composed of full-time or part-time personnel, and sign an emergency rescue agreement with the nearby professional emergency rescue team. The people’s governments at or above the county level shall establish and improve the professional mine emergency rescue team and the national comprehensive fire rescue team to ensure the emergency rescue work of metal and nonmetal mines.

(3) Emergency rescue fund guarantee. Metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises should fully extract the safety production expenses, timely insure the safety production liability insurance, and reserve the corresponding emergency rescue funds. When a mine production safety accident occurs, the expenses related to emergency rescue shall be borne by the accident unit first. If the accident unit is temporarily unable to bear it, the local people’s government shall coordinate and solve it.

(4) Transportation guarantee. In the emergency response stage, the people’s government of the autonomous region is requested to coordinate with the departments of public security, transportation, railways and civil aviation to provide transportation support. Coordinate the relevant local people’s governments along the way to provide convenient transportation, and ensure that the mobilized emergency rescue team and relevant personnel, emergency rescue machinery, equipment and materials dispatched quickly reach the scene of the accident. Coordinate the people’s government of the Union City where the accident is located to mobilize a sufficient number of means of transportation to ensure the needs of on-site emergency rescue work. Coordinate the public security department at the accident site to conduct traffic control on the scene of the accident, and open emergency rescue channels to provide guarantee for emergency rescue work.

(5) medical and health care. The municipal health administrative department in the place where the accident occurred shall coordinate the medical and health protection work of the relevant medical and health institutions responsible for the emergency rescue work of the accident, guarantee special medicines and medical equipment, and organize medical and health personnel to carry out medical treatment. When necessary, coordinate the health administrative department of the autonomous region to organize support.

(6) On-site security. The municipal people’s government of the League where the accident occurred organized the public security department to carry out public security alert and public security management at the scene of the accident, strengthened the safety protection of key areas, key places, key people, important materials and important equipment, maintained the order of on-site rescue, evacuated the crowd in time, and organized and mobilized the masses to carry out group defense and joint defense.

(7) Ecological environment protection. The municipal people’s government of the Union where the accident occurred coordinated the ecological environment department to carry out the monitoring of the atmosphere, water and soil ecological environment, put forward emergency treatment suggestions, and do a good job in on-site ecological environment protection.

(8) Guarantee of meteorological conditions. The municipal people’s government of the League where the accident occurred coordinated the meteorological department to provide meteorological support for emergency rescue work and provide suggestions on meteorological emergency rescue work.

(9) Relief materials guarantee. First of all, mobilize the relevant emergency relief materials reserved by metal and nonmetal mining enterprises, and at the same time allocate the emergency relief materials reserved by the material reserve units of the local people’s governments at or above the county level, and coordinate the people’s governments at or above the county level where the accident occurred to timely mobilize and requisition social materials according to relevant laws and regulations.

6.3 Emergency technical support

The emergency management department of the autonomous region shall establish a professional expert database of metal and nonmetal mines, establish an expert management and contact system, ensure that an emergency rescue expert group can be quickly formed when emergency needs arise, and provide corresponding technical support for accident emergency rescue.

6.4 Publicity, training and drills

(1) publicity. People’s governments at or above the county level, metal and nonmetal mining enterprises should use the relevant media and the Internet to widely publicize the laws and regulations related to emergency rescue and the common sense of accident prevention, hedging, disaster avoidance, self-help and mutual rescue to the masses and employees.

(2) training. Metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises should train their employees in the overall emergency rescue plan and special emergency rescue plan, strengthen the on-site emergency response plan training, and improve their self-help and mutual rescue ability. Emergency management departments at all levels are responsible for providing professional training for emergency management personnel and emergency rescue personnel, so as to improve the command and combat capability of emergency rescue.

(3) drill. Metal and nonmetallic mining enterprises shall formulate their own emergency plan drills, organize at least one comprehensive emergency plan drill or special emergency plan drill every year according to the accident risk characteristics of their own units, and organize at least one on-site disposal plan drill every six months. Emergency management departments at all levels shall regularly organize emergency rescue drills for production safety accidents in metallic and nonmetallic mines according to the actual work.

6.5 supervision and inspection

The emergency management department of the autonomous region shall supervise and inspect the implementation of the emergency rescue plan for production safety accidents in metal and nonmetal mines.

7 supplementary provisions

7.1 Plan Management and Update

With the formulation, revision and improvement of emergency rescue related laws and regulations, changes in departmental responsibilities or emergency resources, and problems or new situations found in the implementation process, timely organize the revision of the plan. Organize regular review of this plan, and organize timely revision according to the review conclusion.

7.2 Plan formulation and interpretation

This plan is formulated and interpreted by the emergency management department of the autonomous region.

7.3 implementation time of the plan

This plan shall come into force as of the date of issuance.