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　　Recently, chongqing morning post reporter learned from the communication network fraud brigade of Yuzhong District Public Security Bureau of Chongqing that there are 31 common implementation methods of communication network fraud cases, and the number of fraud "routines" is staggering.

　　In these fraud routines, some routines are common to us, some routines are unheard of, some routines are naive and ridiculous to us, but some routines do make us feel impossible to prevent. Let’s take a look, in the communication network fraud, can you see the tricks of the scammers in the end?

　　Pretending to be a public prosecution law

　　Criminals pretend to be employees of banks, communication operators, radio and television, social security, medical insurance and other units, and take the victim’s bank card, telephone, cable, social security card, medical insurance card and other tools with consumption functions as threats for crimes such as money laundering and drug trafficking, and then pretend to be judicial organs such as the Public Security Law to trick the victim into transferring money to the so-called "safe account" or taking important information such as the victim’s bank card number and password on the grounds of investigation and verification, so as to implement it.

　　Guess who I am.

　　After obtaining the victim’s phone number and the owner’s name, the criminals called the victim and asked him to "guess who I am", and then pretended to be the victim’s acquaintance or superior leader according to the victim’s statement. Afterwards, they fabricated reasons such as "public security detention", "traffic accident" or the need to give gifts to others, so that the victims could remit money to the designated account.

　　Steal, falsely use

　　Virtual identity fraud

　　1. Steal the QQ password of the other party by using Trojan horse program, intercept the chat video materials of the other party, and after getting familiar with the other party’s situation, pretend to be the owner of the QQ account to cheat his QQ friends on the grounds of "serious illness, car accident", "urgent need for money" and "borrowing money". 2. Criminals use QQ, WeChat and other instant messaging tools to impersonate the victim’s superior leaders, acquaintances and other identities to ask the victim to remit money, recharge and shop in the designated account, thus committing fraud.

　　Pretend to be a triad

　　Extortion fraud

　　Criminals first obtain the information of the victim’s identity, occupation, mobile phone number, etc., and call themselves triad members. If they are hired, they will be hurt, but the victim can break the money and eliminate the disaster, and then provide the account number to ask the victim to remit money.

　　Pretending to be a customer service fraud.

　　1. Criminals buy online customer information, pretend to be customer service personnel, and send false refund websites to the victims for fraud on the grounds that the transaction is unsuccessful. 2. Criminals buy the buyer information of the shopping website through illegal channels, and then pretend to be the staff of the shopping website, claiming that "due to the error of the banking system, the buyer’s one-time payment has become installment payment, and the same fee has to be paid every month", and then pretend to be the bank staff to trick the victim into going to the ATM to cancel the installment payment procedure, but actually implement the fund transfer.

　　Fraud in ticket purchase and refund

　　Criminals use portals, travel websites, Baidu search engines, etc. to place advertisements, issue false calls such as ordering, returning air tickets and train tickets, and lure victims into being fooled by lower fares. Subsequently, the victim was asked to remit money again on the grounds of "incomplete identity information", "frozen account" and "unsuccessful booking", thus committing fraud.

　　Winning fraud

　　Once the winning email is sent through the Internet, the victim will ask the victim to remit money for various reasons such as "personal income tax", "notarization fee" and "transfer fee" to achieve the purpose of fraud.

　　Ps photo

　　Criminals collect photos of public officials, use computers to synthesize obscene pictures, and mail them to the victims with the receipt card number to extort money.

　　Handle bank cards

　　Related business fraud

　　Criminals publish advertisements through newspapers, mails, the Internet, etc., which can handle high overdraft credit cards or increase the credit card limit. Once the victim contacts them, the criminals ask the victim to transfer money continuously on the grounds of "handling fee", "intermediary fee", "cash flow" and "margin", thus committing fraud.

　　Loan fraud

　　By publishing false loan information with low interest and no guarantee, criminals demand the victim to remit money or defraud the victim’s account, password and other information for direct transfer and consumption on the grounds of paying annual interest, checking repayment ability, deposit, handling fee, tax and agency fee.

　　provide

　　False service

　　Criminals publish false service information such as copying mobile phone cards, providing exam questions, private detectives, and handling documents through pole advertisements, the Internet, and mass texting. After the victims contact them, they ask the victims to pay money to the designated account for fraud under various names.

　　Shopping fraud

　　1. Online shopping fraud. Criminals set up fake shopping websites or Taobao shops, and once the victim places an order to buy goods, it is said that the system failure needs to be reactivated. Subsequently, send a false activation URL through QQ to implement fraud. 2. Low-priced shopping fraud. Criminals release transfer information such as used cars, articles confiscated by used computers and customs through the Internet and SMS, and once the victim contacts them, they defraud money by means of "paying down payment" and "transaction tax handling fee". 3. Criminals use discounts, discounts, overseas purchasing, etc. as bait in the WeChat circle of friends. After the buyer pays, they ask for additional payment on the grounds that "the goods are detained by the customs, and customs duties have to be paid". Once they get the purchase money, they lose contact.

　　Send fishing

　　Website fraud

　　Sending bank account number

　　1. For unspecified people, only the bank card number and the account holder’s name are sent in groups. When a victim who is negotiating with others about the transfer of money receives this short message, he may mistakenly transfer the remittance that should be transferred to another person’s account to the account designated by the criminal. 2. Send a short message of "Hello, I am the landlord, please remit the rent to XXXXX (bank card number)" to a specific group of people with rental information, and take advantage of the lack of communication between some landlords and tenants to mislead tenants to remit the rent to their designated accounts.

　　Brush the internet to evaluate reputation

　　Criminals, on the grounds that opening an online shop needs to quickly refresh the transaction volume, online praise and credibility, recruit online part-time job, promise to return the shopping expenses and make extra commission after the transaction, and ask the victim to buy and sell goods at a high price in the designated online shop or pay a deposit to defraud the victim of money.

　　recruitment scam

　　Criminals publish false recruitment information through the Internet, short messages or traditional media, and then ask the victims to remit money to the accounts provided by them in the name of paying clothing fees, deposits, deposits, etc.

　　invite outside investments

　　join

　　Criminals publish false investment promotion and joining information through the internet or traditional media, and use high profits as bait to defraud victims of deposits, joining fees, payment for goods and other expenses.

　　Finance and investment

　　1. In the name of a certain securities company, criminals spread the inside information and trends of false stocks through the Internet, telephone calls, text messages and other means, gain the trust of the victim, and then guide him to trade on a false trading platform set up by himself, and then make the victim lose a lot of money and explode his position in the trading platform by means of false capital injection and artificial manipulation of market conditions, so as to achieve the purpose of making a big profit.

　　2. Criminals advertise high-yield wealth management products through the Internet or traditional media in the name of investment companies to trick victims into investing. If the fraud succeeds, the website will be closed on the grounds of website maintenance or seizure.

　　matchmaking

　　Fraudulent dating

　　be nominal

　　Gambling website

　　Criminals set up a fake gambling website, and then posted information on QQ group, with good returns and high returns as bait, to trick the victims into buying lottery tickets such as Time Lottery and Mark Six Lottery on the fake website, thus defrauding the victims of their money.

　　Express signing fraud

　　Criminals pretend to be courier to call the victim, saying that they need to sign for the courier but can’t see the specific address and name clearly, so they need to provide detailed information for home delivery. Subsequently, the courier company staff will deliver the goods (fake cigarettes or fake wine). Once the victim signs for it, the criminals will call again and say that they have signed for it and must pay, otherwise the debt collection company or the underworld will find trouble.

　　collect

　　defraud

　　Criminals pretend to be all kinds of collection associations, print invitations and mail them to various places, saying that they will hold auctions or buy and sell antiques and artworks. Once the victim contacted him, he asked the victim to transfer the money to the designated account in the name of paying the evaluation fee, deposit and venue fee in advance.

　　Pretending to be an enterprise, institution or army shopping.

　　1. Criminals pretend to be employees of enterprises and institutions and soldiers to contact the victims, put forward the demand for purchasing tents and other materials, and inform the victims of the suppliers of such items, and then another accomplice plays the role of supplier, so that the victims can get money from the victims by making payment first. 2. Criminals pretend to be teachers, counselors, superior units, etc., and ask the victims to buy books and materials or pay various nominal fees to defraud the victims of money.

　　Postal parcel possession fraud

　　On the grounds that drugs or other prohibited items were found in the victim’s package, criminals claimed that they were suspected of money laundering, drug trafficking and other crimes, and asked the victim to transfer the money to the national security account for fair investigation, thus committing fraud.

　　Under the guise of being in trouble

　　Criminals pretend to be public security organs, prosecutors, lawyers and other judicial organs or teachers, doctors, lawyers, etc., and fictional relatives or friends of the victims are involved in a car accident, and they need emergency surgery or are kidnapped because of sudden illness, and ask the victims to transfer money.

　　fabricate

　　Pornography service

　　Criminals post pornographic service calls through social media, mobile phones or pseudo base stations. After the victims contact them, they say that they need to pay first to provide services at home. After the victims call the designated account, they find that they have been cheated.

　　Atm machine

　　Notice fraud

　　Criminals blocked the exit card of ATM in advance, and pasted false service hotline notices on ATM to induce bank card users to contact them after the card was "swallowed" and get the password. After the user left, they took out the bank card from ATM and stole the cash in the user’s card.

　　Our reporter Zhang Xu.

1905 movie network news On January 6th, Absurd Comedy released the ultimate poster and trailer, once again exposing the wonderful plot clues of the film, Huang Cailun and Zhang Huiwen.Surprise CP, magical dreams staged in cycles, bizarre truth in waves, and a close-call rescue moment … … There are a lot of smiles and fog, which makes people want to stop.

Strange Dream Huang Cailun Zhang Huiwen Unlocks "Four-room Life"

The ultimate preview of this exposure is a serious spoiler of the bizarre encounter between the man and the woman in the hotel. Shi Yue (played by Huang Cailun) and his wife Orange (played by Zhang Huiwen) wanted to have a romantic star-watching trip, but they fell into the bizarre experience of four-bedroom life. The actress whose life and death are uncertain, the big boss who buys a murderer, and the small fresh meat disguised as the rich second generation made their debut in the trailer.

As the biggest highlight of the play, Huang Cailun and Zhang Huiwen, who starred in comedy for the first time, had a lot of surprises and interactive laughter in the trailer. Although it is the first time to cooperate, the chemical reaction between the two is very strong. When a straight man meets a silly white sweet, it is like adding effervescent tablets to cola, which doubles the momentum and the laughter! Huang Cailun’s serious face and Zhang Huiwen’s shy smile can poke the punchline, the embarrassment and the slot in every frame.

At the same time, the film released a heavy poster and a distinctive stills, which showed the profound meaning. Everyone has different looks, highlighting the contradictions and conflicts between different characters, which makes people look forward to the incredible stories in the bar.On the one hand, his wife is waiting for rescue, and on the other hand, he is a dream that keeps circulating. In the face of the successive survival problems and emotional blows, how can Huang Cailun break the game?

Laughter, suspense and absurd comedy make you subvert your imagination.

The story of the absurd comedy Hotel Never Falls revolves around the hotel with the same name. This is the place where the man worked hard for ten years, and also the place where he stayed as a guest after being promoted and raised. The hotel has gone through five managers, mysterious and ancient. On the same day, the hotel checked into four rooms with different identities, but the unrelated "four-room life" was intersected by the invasion of aliens, and a thrilling and surprising absurd story slowly unfolded.

Huang Cailun, a newly pregnant couple in Zhang Huiwen, only talked about the romantic star-gazing trip in the plan, but was interrupted by the visitors from outer space, and Huang Cailun fell into the dream of "comedy ring structure" … … … … The story of "The Day Never Falls Hotel" is full of laughter and constant baggage. Except for the hero and heroine and the giant alien, every actor is a wonderful comedy. Watching comedies is just a group of showy revelers. In "The Day Never Falls Hotel", all kinds of dramas are gathered and high-quality hilarious. The film will be officially released on January 16th.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Engineering（ID：engineering2015）, Author: Wu Zhiqiang, etc., original title: "Integrated Network Design and Demand Forecasting Engineering of Urban On-Demand Air Traffic", the first picture comes from vision china.

Traffic congestion is the primary problem that affects the sustainable development of global traffic. According to a report released by INRIX, in 2018, Americans spent an average of 97 hours in traffic jams, which cost nearly 87 billion US dollars, and each driver spent an average of 1,348 US dollars. At the same time, the positive effects brought by the capacity expansion of traditional roads have been affected by the growth of population and vehicles and the mileage of vehicles caused by urban expansion.（VMT）Offset by the increase in. Recent research focuses on the use of emerging technologies and concepts to alleviate congestion by using the existing road system more effectively.

For example, self-driving and networked vehicles are expected to alleviate traffic congestion, reduce vehicle travel time and expand the capacity of existing road systems. Transportation network company（TNC）The shared traffic and merging function of encourages customers to share traffic. Micro-traffic that can use sidewalks and bicycle lanes, including shared bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric bicycles, has been applied, which is expected to reduce VMT. Government agencies and research groups are aware of the necessity and possibility of developing and utilizing low-altitude space, which is a valuable resource that has not been fully utilized at present.

In 2017, NASA（NASA）Put forward urban air traffic.（UAM）And calls for market research on this mode of transportation. Since then, different units, including government agencies, manufacturers and research teams, have invested a lot of energy in this mode of transportation.

The concept of UAM can be traced back to 1960s, when several companies provided point-to-point commuting services by plane in metropolitan areas such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, new york and Chicago. Due to the low acceptance of these commuter services in the community, the high incidence of casualties and serious financial problems, these transportation companies were finally forced to significantly reduce or terminate the operation of these commuter services, which still limit the large-scale development of UAM today.　

In recent years, the concept of UAM is based on a new type of vertical takeoff and landing electric aircraft.（eVTOL）Based on. At present, this new type of aircraft is in the mature stage, which integrates advanced autonomous and distributed electric propulsion technology and can provide safer, quieter and more efficient air transportation services in low-altitude space. Some industrial companies are relatively optimistic about this prediction. They believe that their service prices can be controlled through economies of scale, and the potential acceptance is high. Some studies claim that the annual turnover of air taxi and airport shuttle service is close to $2.5 billion considering different limiting factors, and as long as there is enough market penetration, its service cost will be comparable to UberX.

However, public awareness, availability and accessibility of infrastructure, service quality and service cost, and many other factors may have great uncertainty on the potential demand of UAM. Therefore, researchers are not so optimistic about the adoption rate of UAM. They think that the proportion of trips to switch from the current ground mode to UAM service is limited, because the maintenance of UAM needs high cost, and the operation based on the site needs to use ground transportation, and its reliability is low when the weather conditions are bad.

Although various uncertain factors will affect the popularity of UAM, the government authorities and academic circles have reached a consensus that UAM will overcome the geographical restrictions of ground transportation modes and provide passengers with a greatly improved mobility. For example, Antcliff and others take Silicon Valley as an example to prove that UAM service can "door-to-door" passengers’ daily long distance.（DtD）The traffic time is shortened to one third of the ground traffic.　

Many efforts have been put into promoting the development of new UAM services. NASA and the federal aviation administration（FAA）Led the market feasibility study and the promotion of UAM. More than 70 manufacturers around the world, including Boeing, Airbus and Bell Helicopter, have been committed to designing better eVTOL aircraft. As of September 2018, they have invested more than 1 billion US dollars. The United States, China, the United Arab Emirates, Singapore and other places have carried out various types of aircraft test flights. In addition, some high-profile activities have been organized around the world to discuss the problems and solutions of UAM application, such as Uber Elevate Summit and Los Angeles Mayor’s Meeting. The potential market of UAM includes but is not limited to ambulance service, air taxi service, airport shuttle service, tourism, investigation and inspection, and cargo transportation.　

Recently, great progress has been made in the concept definition, potential market analysis and application constraint identification of UAM. One of the biggest challenges facing UAM’s on-demand service is the need to establish a well-distributed ground infrastructure to support the operation of eVTOL aircraft. In order to meet the needs of UAM passengers, the main ground infrastructure is the vertical take-off and landing airport used by eVTOL aircraft to take off and land, get on and off passengers and pay fees.(or helicopter airport). The intensive land use, aircraft operation demand and community acceptance in urban areas severely limit the number of vertical take-off and landing airports, making it difficult to provide door-to-door services only by pure air transportation. Therefore, the network design of UAM needs to integrate various modes of transportation: ground traffic in and out of vertical take-off and landing airports and air traffic between vertical take-off and landing airports. This multi-modal feature increases the complexity of UAM network design. In addition, the number and location of vertical landing sites will also attract users of different levels. The interaction between supply and demand needs to be clearly considered in UAM network design.

Wu Zhiqiang research team of the University of South Florida mainly studies the network design of UAM on-demand service. While considering the interaction between the location of vertical take-off and landing airport and the potential traffic demand of UAM, integer programming and a solution algorithm are used to determine the optimal location of vertical take-off and landing airport, user allocation and the choice of access mode. In addition, the key promoting factors of UAM’s potential demand and the different pricing strategies of UAM operators are analyzed from the supply side, and the effectiveness of the model is verified by a case study based on the simulated decomposition of traffic demand data in Tampa Bay, Florida, USA.

Figure 1. On-demand urban air traffic network design model. TBRPM: regional planning model of Tampa Bay; OD: starting point and ending point

Figure 2. Urban air traffic hub-and-spoke network

Keywords: advanced air traffic; Roof apron; The choice of transportation mode; Low altitude airspace; Unmanned driving system

The above contents are excerpted from: zhiqing Wu, Yu Zhang. Integrated network design and demand forecast for on-demand urban air mobility [J]. Engineering, 2021,7 (4): 473-487.

This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:Engineering（ID：engineering2015）, Author: Wu Zhiqiang et al.

In late March, the idol drama is worth watching!

Sean Xiao and Andy starred in "Please give me more advice for the rest of my life" on March 15th, and Allen and Dilraba starred in "Getting to know Jun Chu" on March 17th. Two idol dramas were broadcast together, and once the news they broadcast broke out, they each had 5-6 hot search screens, which was very impressive.

Please Teach Me for the Rest of My Life, starring popular actors Sean Xiao and Andy, tells a warm love story between cellist Lin Zhi’s school and surgeon Gu Wei.

After the explosion of The Untamed, Sean Xiao became the top actor in the entertainment circle. At the time of filming, "Please Teach Me More for the Rest of My Life" attracted the attention of many fans. Regarding Gu Wei played by Sean Xiao, many fans thought that Sean Xiao was very close to the image of the original novel Gu Wei in appearance, and Sean Xiao’s acting skills were not embarrassing. "Please Teach Me More for the Rest of My Life" was also the most anticipated TV series by fans after The Untamed.

In Andy, with the popularity of dramas such as Sweet Honey as Frost, Dear, Love, Female Psychologist, etc., her popularity is very high. Andy polished her acting skills in film and television dramas at an early age, and her national affection was very high. Andy has a "prosperous" male master in the entertainment circle, and many actors are willing to act with Andy. This time, Andy partnered with Sean Xiao, which can be said to be a powerful combination of two major flows.

However, "Please Teach Me for the Rest of My Life" was filmed at the end of 2019, and it also experienced some disturbances such as file finalization and file withdrawal. Some viewers are still worried that the backlog of more than two years will have a certain impact on "Please Teach Me for the Rest of My Life". However, "Please Teach Me for the Rest of My Life" is a modern drama, and even if it is backlogged for a period of time, there is no drawback of outdated service. Therefore, there is a high probability that these two years.

Similar to "Please give me more advice for the rest of my life", "Meeting with Jun Chu" received high attention from filming to broadcasting.

"Getting to know Jun Chu" is starring Allen and Dilraba, and tells the touching love story of Ji Yunhe and Jiao Ren Changyi, who have gone through many difficulties and finally know each other.

Ren Jialun’s costume modeling is very popular, and Ren Jialun’s acting skills are also recognized by the audience among young actors. Ren Jialun’s costume dramas, such as Glory of the Tang Dynasty, Under the Golden Clothes, Chang ‘an as usual, etc., have gained high reputation, and the audience has more expectations for Ren Jialun’s leading role in Getting to Know You at the First Time.

It is worth mentioning that Allen and Andy once starred in The Legend of the White Snake, and this time, the two men "beat the drums from a distance", and the audience was also waiting to see the drama.

Dilraba’s popularity has been very high in recent years. In to the sky kingdom, the small fox, Phoenix Nine, left a deep impression on the audience. This time, in Meet the King, Dilraba once again played the nine-tailed fox, which is also a major attraction of the play. The modeling difference between Ji Yunhe and Phoenix Nine is quite big. I wonder if Ji Yunhe will be more popular with the audience than Feng Nine in terms of personnel.

A modern idol drama, an ancient idol drama, "Please give me more advice for the rest of my life" and "Meeting with Jun Chu" were broadcast back and forth, and the battle for traffic officially started. In addition, the stars of the two dramas are all traffic stars with high face value and good acting skills. "Please give me more advice for the rest of my life" and "Meet with Jun Chu" directly "open the bar". I don’t know who wins or loses.

The theme is similar, the actor’s popularity is similar, and the broadcast time is the same. It is normal for two dramas, Please give me more advice for the rest of my life and Meet with Jun Chu, to be compared. However, just as shops will get together to open stores, their popularity will become more and more prosperous, and TV dramas with the same theme can actually achieve a "win-win" situation. Maybe, in the spring of 2022, "Please give me more advice for the rest of my life" and "Meeting with Jun Chu" can both be explosions.

In the final analysis, whether it is an idol drama or a TV series with other themes, actors, plots, services, etc., the quality of the drama determines whether it can eventually become an explosion. We will wait and see who is better in this "beating" of "Please teach me more for the rest of my life" and "Getting to know you at the beginning".

　　Economic Daily-China Economic Net, Beijing, September 3-On September 2-4, the 20th China Convenience Food Conference and Convenience Food Cloud Exhibition was held in Beijing. On the special discussion of "New Pattern of Self-heating Food", scholars and entrepreneurs from the self-heating food industry gathered together to discuss the new pattern and new prospects that the self-heating food industry will usher in in the post-epidemic era.

　　The picture shows Lei Zhu, the general manager of the self-proclaimed pot brand factory group.

　　During the epidemic, when the whole catering industry was almost at a standstill, all kinds of self-heating hot pots became the urgent needs of the curtilage family overnight in order to satisfy the consumers’ "craving". In this regard, Lei Zhu, general manager of the brand factory and business group of Zihi Pot, revealed that the estimated sales of Zihi Pot this year is between 1.5 billion and 1.7 billion, nearly three times the total performance of last year. He believes that self-heating food is the tentacles of the whole convenience food. In the future, under this high and fast pace of life, self-heating food will become stronger and better, and it will usher in a market of tens of billions.

　　The picture shows Liao Xiaojun, Dean of College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University.

　　Liao Xiaojun, Dean of College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering of China Agricultural University, gave a detailed introduction to the basic situation of self-heating food at home and abroad. He pointed out that the biggest characteristics of self-heating food are convenience, convenience, portability, self-heating and rapid reheating, which is the demand of self-heating food. At the consumer level, consumers are most concerned about the safety, taste and nutrition of self-heating food when it is used. He also pointed out that in the future, self-heating food should conform to the current trend of controlling oil, reducing salt and lowering blood sugar, so that consumers can feel more nutritious and healthy when eating.

　　The picture shows Zhi Zhaohui, Chairman of Jiangsu Longjun Environmental Protection Industrial Development Co., Ltd..

　　Zhi Zhaohui, the chairman of Jiangsu Longjun Environmental Protection Industrial Development Co., Ltd., spoke about the development trend of packaging industry brought by the development of convenient self-heating food. He introduced that at present, there is no quality standard for food packaging specifically for convenience foods in China, and most of them refer to the standards of disposable tableware or convenience food containers. Therefore, he believes that it is more critical to formulate corresponding standards. In addition, he said, we should also pay attention to the resource consumption and environmental protection problems brought by plastic packaging.

　　The picture shows Ren Weiwei, President and Secretary General of Chengdu Food Industry Association.

　　Ren Weiwei, President and Secretary General of Chengdu Food Industry Association, gave a general introduction to the leading military enterprises and capital intervention in the field of self-heating food in recent years. He pointed out that at present, the competition in the self-heating food industry is fierce, and issues such as technology, brand, scale and capital deserve attention. He made suggestions for the future development of the industry, saying that differentiated competition in packaging, taste and marketing should be launched, and more natural food flavor should be pursued through technological improvement, healthier products should be sought, and high quality and high value should be achieved in the creative design of products, and the level of industrialization technology should be continuously improved. At the same time, he also proposed that industry standards should be gradually improved, and industry self-discipline actions should be carried out to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of the industry.

　　The picture shows Zhang Chunjiang, director of the Food Self-heating Technology and Equipment Research Center of the Agricultural Products Processing Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

　　Zhang Chunjiang, director of the Research Center of Food Self-heating Technology and Equipment, Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, shared the hot issues and standards of self-heating food in his speech. He pointed out that in recent years, the problem that consumers complain the most is the explosion of self-heated food. In addition, there are some delivery problems, logistics problems and moldy products. He pointed out that at present, the self-heating food industry lacks corresponding standards such as terminology, product classification, processing specifications, quality and safety standards, method standards, packaging logistics standards, etc., and it is urgent for the competent departments and industries to cooperate and standardize as soon as possible.

　　

3D printing has opened up a creative world, but it is important to print safely. The following is the knowledge about potentially harmful gases.

With the increasing popularity of 3D printers, a series of new problems have emerged, the most important of which is the potential harm to health caused by the gas released when 3D printing objects. Many studies show that the gas emitted by 3D printers poses a threat to human health, so it is very important to be familiar with these risks and how to avoid them.

What’s in the gas of 3D printer?

When a 3D printer works, it emits gas containing particles of plastics, metals and other materials. This volatile gas contains two kinds of components: UFP and VOC. Ultra-fine particles (UFP) are very small, and if you don’t wear proper safety equipment, it may cause inflammation in the eyes and inside the nasal cavity.

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) include various compounds emitted from some solids and liquids. According to EPA’s article on indoor air quality (https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-q …-indoor-air-quality), some of them are harmless and smell sweet, while others may have negative effects on short-term or long-term health. You should pay attention to avoid long-term exposure to VOC and UFP.

Breathing 3D printer gas into the lungs can cause respiratory problems and other health problems. These gases can also irritate the eyes. When they are absorbed by the skin, they increase the risk of skin irritation and other problems.

Risk of inhaling 3D printing gas

Inhaling 3D printer gas can lead to various health risks, such as:

Allergic reaction: Some 3D printed filaments contain ingredients that may cause allergies or irritate the respiratory system. According to the research of Environmental Science and Technology (https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.9b04168), it is found that ABS and PLA wires are more likely to cause allergy or inflammation.

Skin contact: 3D printer gas may also contact the skin, causing potential irritation. In particular, extrusion-based 3D printers use thermoplastics, which can be dangerous if they directly contact the skin and cause chemical burns. CDC article on 3D printing security (https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/newsroom/feature/3Dprinting.html) mentioned that skin contact with harmful 3D printing materials is one of the hazards of this technology.

Respiratory problems: Some 3D printing gases contain gaseous substances that may cause damage to the respiratory system. These gases may irritate eyes, nose and throat, and cause cough, headache, dizziness and other symptoms of respiratory distress. According to the same study of Environmental Science and Technology, the particles emitted by 3D printers will have a negative impact on indoor air quality, and a large amount of exposure will affect the health of respiratory system. The study also found that the emissions of ABS filaments are often more harmful because ABS will lead to more emissions.

Long-term effects of 3D printer gas on health

Long-term exposure to volatile gases from 3D printing will have the following effects:

Cell damage: According to a study conducted by Chemical Insights Research Institute using human airway epithelial cells (https://ChemicalInsights.org/WP-content/uploads/Chemical-Insights _ 3D-toxicity-report _ final.pdf), long-term exposure to 3D printer gas will damage cells.

Carcinogens: Some types of thermoplastics used in 3D printing process contain carcinogens, which may cause cancer if inhaled or ingested for a long time. According to a study by the American Chemical Society (https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983) in 2016, ABS and HIPS filaments will produce a large amount of styrene, which is listed as a possible human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

How to protect yourself from 3D printer gas?

△ Closed resin 3D printer is opened and placed on the table. Image source: Nerdtronic/ YouTube

You can take various measures to reduce the amount of 3D printer gas that you are exposed to in your home or office environment. These include:

Ensure proper ventilation: Ensure that your 3D printer has sufficient ventilation and air circulation to minimize the accumulation of 3D printing gas. You can do this by opening windows, using fans to circulate air, or installing an exhaust system.

Use a breathing mask: If you are using a particularly odorous material (such as ABS), it may be helpful to wear a breathing mask designed to prevent odors and particles. Some also have special filters to prevent certain materials such as nylon and polycarbonate.

Use safer materials: 3D printer wires like ABS will produce a lot of toxic gases and should be avoided. You should consider choosing 3D printer wires like PLA and PETG that produce less toxic gases.

Clean your printer regularly: Be sure to clean your 3D printer regularly to prevent dust and other particles from accumulating in the air during printing. Cleaning the printer regularly also helps to reduce unpleasant smells. You can start by cleaning the 3D printing machine, and then move on to other parts.

Enclosure: Install a 3D printer enclosure around your 3D printer to help control smoke and keep them away from other people in the space. The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) also recommends the use of enclosures to capture gases. An example of a 3D printer housing is shown below.

Fan: Install a fan near the printer to help discharge some gases out of the work area faster and improve the ventilation cycle.

Temperature control: Monitor and adjust the temperature of the 3D printer to reduce the gas generated by the filament.

Silk storage: store the silk in a cool place, away from heat sources such as sunlight or direct heating, to prevent the volatilization of harmful gases.

Heating to build a platform: Using heating to build a platform helps to prevent the filament from overheating and reduce the amount of gas emitted.

Wear protective equipment: Wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from the gas released during printing, and wear gloves to prevent sharp edges on printed objects.

Take necessary precautions when using 3D printers.

The gas generated by 3D printers may be harmful to your health, so all necessary precautions must be taken to reduce exposure to this gas, including adequate ventilation and protective equipment. By taking these steps, you can ensure that 3D printing is safe for you and your family or colleagues. If you are exposed to dangerous levels of these gases, you should seek medical help from qualified professionals.

Original title: "[Popular Science] Is the gas released by 3D printing harmful? 》

　　CCTV News:On July 29th, CCTV’s "International Sharp Review" published an article entitled "Europe has no appetite to eat American soybeans rejected by China", which was reprinted by many overseas media.

　　On July 29th, many overseas media, such as French Radio LCF facebook account, Italian RADIOWE website (facebook, twitter), Jordan Global Radio facebook account, Chinese PT portal, Chinese Headline APP, Portuguese New Newspaper APP(facebook, twitter), Nordic Times website, European Union Chinese website, Europe-China United Times website, West Africa online website, Africa Times website, Greek China website, Japanese Chinese Business website and so on, forwarded them one after another. From July 30th to 31st, this article was also published in Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao and Wen Wei Po. The main reports are as follows:

　　On July 25, US President Trump and visiting European Union President Juncker announced after more than two hours of talks that the United States and Europe agreed not to add punitive tariffs during the continuation of negotiations. This has pressed the pause button for the explosive escalation of trade friction between the two sides of the Atlantic.

　　In the past few days, around Trump’s "three zero plan" of "zero tariffs, zero non-tariff barriers and zero subsidies for non-automotive products", the disclosure of relevant details by the United States and Europe is "one paper statement, two interpretations".

　　At a political rally in Iowa, a large agricultural state in the midwest of the United States, Trump excitedly declared to the audience: "We just opened the door to Europe for you farmers … … You just got a huge market. " In order to increase the audience’s attention and visual effect, he also took out a green baseball cap with the yellow words "Let American farmers be great again" printed on it. However, recent poll data show that Trump’s popularity index is becoming dim in this state that supported him in the 2016 general election.

　　On the same day, US Trade Representative Wright Heze said categorically when attending the congressional hearing: "Our view is that we are discussing agriculture, period".

　　Unfortunately, on the other side of the Atlantic, EU officials said: "Agriculture is not a part (of the negotiations), only the matters explicitly mentioned in the statement are."

　　French President Macron and Spanish Prime Minister Sanchez also joined the fight. Macron said that he was not in favor of negotiating a huge agreement like the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership Agreement (TTIP), because a good trade agreement can only be based on balance and reciprocity, and is not subject to any threats. He opposed the inclusion of agriculture in any trade agreement. "I don’t think any European standards should be suppressed or lowered in terms of environment, health or food."

　　Sanchez said that he would "defend the (EU) common agricultural policy". He said: "Spain does not believe in unilateralism, nor does it believe that a particular economy imposes its own policies and standards on others in international trade."

　　Why are the attitudes of Europe and the United States on agricultural issues so diametrically opposed?

　　As we all know, agriculture has always been a very delicate area in transatlantic trade, and both sides are trying to protect and enhance their respective agricultural production. According to EU data, the EU’s annual subsidies to agriculture are as high as 59 billion euros, equivalent to 68 billion US dollars. The United States is not too much to give. The Economist quoted data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as saying that in 2016, the various subsidies provided by the US government to farmers were about $33 billion.

　　In fact, the sharp opposition between the United States and Europe on agricultural issues is one of the main reasons for the final abortion of the three-year transatlantic trade and investment partnership agreement negotiations. Europe put forward "Geographical indications", trying to prohibit American products with similar brand names from entering the EU market, which was resolutely opposed by the US. Europe also refused to allow American genetically modified products to enter.

　　All this reflects Brussels’ deep worries: the old family-run agricultural business model in Europe can’t compete with the modern business model of American collectivization, although the Wall Street Journal quoted American government statistics to show that the EU had a surplus of 9.4 billion US dollars in agricultural trade with the United States last year.

　　Although the leaders of some major EU countries refused to include agriculture in Trump’s "30" trade agreement negotiations, the EU still promised to push forward. EU spokesperson Mina • Mina Andreeva told reporters in Brussels: "If you read through the joint statement … … You will find that agriculture is not mentioned in the statement, but farmers and soybeans are mentioned, which is part of the discussion, and we will continue to promote it. "

　　However, does the EU really have the ability to help Washington solve the soybean dilemma caused by China’s counter-measures?

　　Bloomberg gave a negative answer. According to the report, the European market is one of the few substitutes for American soybean farmers, but it is far from China’s purchasing power. Last year, China imported 12.3 billion US dollars of soybeans from the United States, while the EU imported only 1.6 billion US dollars. It is estimated that the European demand for American soybeans in 2018-2019 is about 15.3 million tons, which is less than one-sixth of the original estimated purchasing power of China. The Trump administration launched a trade war against China, which led to China’s countermeasures, the loss of soybean sales to American farmers and the political pressure on Trump himself and Republican lawmakers in agricultural States, which Europe could not alleviate.

　　Reuters directly used the headline "Discount Not Discourses to Boost U.S. Soy Sales to EU" in his report, pointing out that the newly reached agreement between the United States and Europe is only symbolic for Europe to increase imports of American soybeans. Because, as early as before the White House meeting, due to market price reasons, the EU has started to increase imports of American soybeans. It is expected that the price of American soybeans arriving in August will be 20 dollars lower than that of South American soybeans per ton. A senior EU official told AFP that although Europe agreed to increase imports of American soybeans, the European market will ultimately decide the quantity of imports.

　　American Mother Jones pointed out that American soybeans account for about one-third of the EU’s total imports. Even if Europe increases its imports, it will have limited help to American soybean exports. Nowadays, under the background of foreign trade negotiations between Europe and the United States and financial subsidies from the United States, although the soybean price in the United States has rebounded to $8.59 per bushel, the analysis of the University of Illinois in the United States believes that unless the soybean price can rise to $10.05 per bushel, American soybean farmers will still be unable to make a profit.

　　For American soybean farmers, they need a stable export market rather than a government relief check, and the new European market that the Trump administration has found for them simply has no appetite to eat soybeans rejected by China. For more than 3.1 million farmers in the United States, the China market they have worked hard for decades is losing, which cannot be made up by relief checks.

　　A number of overseas media forwarded "International Sharp Review" articles:

The facebook account of Radio LCF in France was forwarded on July 29, 2018.

　　Italian RADIOWE website (facebook, Twitter) forwarded on July 29, 2018.

　　Jordan Global Radio facebook account forwarded on July 29, 2018

　

　　Portuguese news APP(facebook, Twitter) forwarded on July 29, 2018.

　　Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao was published on July 30, 2018

Hong Kong Wen Wei Po was published on July 31, 2018.

According to the arrangement of studying and implementing the theme education of Supreme Leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, on July 6th and 7th, the provincial party committee held an exchange meeting on research results, thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on theme education and the spirit of the important speech when listening to the work report of the provincial party committee and the provincial government, conducted a seminar on typical case anatomy research results, and exchanged research results. Using the Party’s innovative theory to study new situations, solve new problems, sum up new experiences, explore new laws, and promote the research results to be better transformed into the actual results of struggling to write a new chapter in Shaanxi’s Chinese modernization.

Zhao Yide, secretary of the provincial party committee, presided over the meeting and delivered a speech. Han Changfu, leader of the Third Steering Group of the Central Committee for Theme Education, gave a guiding speech, and Sun Licheng, deputy head of the group, and members of the steering group attended the meeting for guidance. Governor Zhao Gang, Standing Committee Members of the Provincial Party Committee Wang Xiao, Wang Xingning, Fang Hongwei, Guo Yonghong, Sun Daguang, Liu Qiang, Hao Huijie, Wang Lin and Li Mingyuan, and Vice Governors Dou Jingli and Zhong Hongjiang made exchange speeches. Zhuang Changxing, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, attended. Vice Governor Dai Binbin and Xu Mingfei submitted written communication materials.

Since the theme education was launched, the leading bodies of the provincial party committee and the provincial government have adhered to the combination of theory and practice and the integration of study and investigation, conscientiously implemented the Work Plan on Promoting Investigation and Research in the Whole Party, focused on the overall situation of the whole country and based on the reality of Shaanxi, determined the typical cases of positive and negative aspects to carry out anatomical investigation, and each member of the team led a topic to carry out investigation, set an example, went deep into the grassroots, went deep into the masses, listened to the truth and examined the facts, and made efforts to find out and understand the situation.

At the meeting, everyone dissected the sparrow and drew inferences from others around two typical cases, namely, "amplifying the original efficiency of Qin Dynasty with’ three reforms’" and "promoting the special action of air pollution control in Guanzhong area", and focused on discussing the strategy of strengthening the advantages and making up the shortcomings of our province. Focusing on the realization path of promoting high-quality development, accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system, comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, vigorously developing an open economy and a private economy, strengthening grassroots governance, preventing and defusing risks, and strictly administering the party in an all-round way, we exchanged research results, thoroughly studied countermeasures, and made efforts to form ideas and policy measures to solve problems and promote work. Everyone unanimously said that through investigation, case study and exchange of results, they had a deeper understanding of the world outlook, methodology, positions, viewpoints and methods of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, and had a deeper thinking on writing a new chapter of Chinese modernization in Shaanxi. We must persist in "adjusting" to be pragmatic and "researching" to apply, improve measures and pay close attention to implementation, and turn the grand blueprint drawn by the Supreme Leader General Secretary for Shaanxi into a beautiful reality step by step.

In his speech, Zhao Yide pointed out that investigation and research is a family heirloom of our party, a basic skill to do all kinds of work well, and an important content to carry out thematic education. We should continue to work hard on benchmarking, take investigation and research as an important path to understand the truth power and practical power of Socialism with Chinese characteristics thought in the new era of the supreme leader, as an important method to write a new chapter in Shaanxi’s Chinese modernization, as an important measure to temper our ability to work hard, closely follow the example role in the western region, five new breakthroughs and four efforts, find the main direction, make clear the focus of efforts, strive to catch up and surpass, and firmly support the "two" with concrete actions and practical results

Zhao Yi de stressed that it is necessary to continue to work hard to go deep and practical, conscientiously do a good job in investigating and studying the "second half" articles, promptly upgrade the fully demonstrated and mature research results into decision-making arrangements and turn them into concrete measures, and further improve the scientific and technological innovation, modern industrial system, global opening, coordinated development of urban and rural areas, cultural construction, ecological security, public services, safety governance, and comprehensive and strict management of the party, so as to make the achievements transform and apply. We should continue to work hard on the normal and long-term effect, take the exchange of results as an opportunity to promote investigation and research into thinking habits and working methods, refine the topics of investigation and research, optimize the methods of investigation and research, and materialize the results of investigation and research, and constantly improve the institutionalized and standardized level of investigation and research work. We must continue to work hard in depth, do a good job in theme education with higher standards, stricter requirements and more practical measures, continuously deepen the cultivation of soul by learning, enhance wisdom by learning, correct the wind by learning, and promote work by learning, and work hard in the second half of the year in conjunction with the "three-year" activities to ensure good results in economic and social development throughout the year.

Han Changfu pointed out that the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee attaches great importance to the investigation and research work. This exchange of research results is a centralized review of the research results of thematic education, a centralized discussion of the paths and measures to solve the problems of high-quality development in Shaanxi, and a centralized exchange of provincial leading cadres’ thoughts on the work in charge, which has well implemented the deployment requirements of the Central Thematic Education Office and achieved the expected results.

Han Changfu stressed that it is necessary to persist in carrying out investigation and research throughout the theme education, and continue to do a good job of investigation and research on some problems that have not been thoroughly understood for the time being and new problems found in the investigation process, especially on specific measures to solve problems and promote work, so as to make the research results policy-oriented, measures-oriented, institutionalized, programmatic and action-oriented. It is necessary to do a good job in the transformation of research results, promote high-quality development and all aspects of work. For the research results formed in research and communication, we should sort out the results list, list the task requirements, solutions, responsible units and responsible persons, and promote them in a ledger manner until they are implemented; For some problems involving multiple regions, departments and units, we should pay attention to coordination from top to bottom, gather resource elements, and form a working mechanism to promote and solve problems together. It is necessary to further improve the inspection and rectification work, and promptly promote the rectification of the problems found in the investigation and research and the problems listed in the list of problems sorted out by the province and the first batch of theme education units. If it can be solved in the short term, policies and measures should be introduced in time to reflect learning, investigation, inspection and rectification; Especially for the problems listed as special rectification list, plans have been formulated and registered, and we should focus on rectification; The people’s livelihood issues that strongly reflect the people’s concerns should be reformed immediately, so that the people can increase their sense of gain and truly feel the effectiveness of theme education.

Wang Haipeng, Secretary-General of the provincial government, and principal responsible comrades of relevant provincial departments attended the meeting.