Original editorial department ke ke Chang Xiao healthy

On the evening of October 14th, Jiangsu Normal University released a message in the official Weibo, confirming the previous media report that dozens of students in the school had tuberculosis, and said that "at present, 22 patients have dropped out of school for standardized treatment".

According to the official report of Jiangsu Normal University, after the students returned to school in early September this year, all teachers, students and logistics staff of Pan ‘anhu Campus of Jiangsu Normal University conducted tuberculin test screening and chest X-ray examination from September 11 to 17.

From October 10th to 11th, the teachers and students who were strongly positive in tuberculin test and in key classes were screened by CT. After CT screening, 43 students were found to have abnormal chest CT images, which need further diagnosis and exclusion. (Source: The Paper)

When it comes to tuberculosis, everyone’s general understanding is "hasn’t tuberculosis been eliminated yet?" China still has tuberculosis? " Many people’s understanding of tuberculosis still stays in Sister Lin in A Dream of Red Mansions or "Human Blood Steamed Bread" written by Lu Xun.

But in fact, tuberculosis is still the second most deadly disease among all legal infectious diseases in China.

Therefore, although the impression of tuberculosis has faded in the post-90 s and post-00 s, it is still threatening our health. It is necessary for us to take out tuberculosis again and tell you about this "white plague".

How terrible tuberculosis is, let’s look at the data.

In the past, people in our country "talked about the color change of tuberculosis", and the saying of "ten tuberculosis and nine deaths" was circulated for a long time. It is conceivable that tuberculosis has caused deep mental and physical trauma to our people.

In recent years, due to the emergence of AIDS and drug-resistant strains, tuberculosis has risen again.

According to WHO statistics, China is one of the 22nd countries with serious tuberculosis epidemic, and it is also one of the 27th countries with serious MDR-TB epidemic in the world. At present, the annual incidence of tuberculosis in China is 1.3 million, accounting for 14.3% of the global incidence, ranking second in the world.

Source: Public Health Science Data Center.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a very special kind of bacteria. It has no flagella for exercise and no fimbriae that can be attached to others. It is not resistant to high temperature and its culture conditions are harsh. In the words of the etiology teacher, it is delicate and changeable. So how did such a delicate bacterium evolve into a frightening "white plague"?

The reason lies in its "fickle".

People infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are mainly divided into primary infection and secondary infection. Primary infection refers to the first time that people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. When we are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis for the first time, if we don’t get rid of all the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, some "remnants" of tuberculosis will lurk in our bodies. When our immunity is low, they will rise up again and let us be infected again.

Generally speaking, tuberculosis is difficult to diagnose and treat, which is worthy of its title of "white plague". In addition, compared with COVID-19, where the incubation period is 7-14 days, it is difficult for tuberculosis to appear as an explosive pandemic because of its long incubation period, which explains why there is a rare outbreak of tuberculosis in history, but the number of tuberculosis is still huge.

Why do you still get tuberculosis after BCG vaccination?

Since 1978, BCG has been included in children’s immunization program in China. Up to now, more than billions of people have been vaccinated with BCG. Theoretically, all the students in Jiangsu Normal University have been vaccinated, so why do they still get tuberculosis?

First of all, there is a certain time from vaccination to effectiveness. Generally, immunity will not be produced until 4-8 weeks after vaccination, and not all people will successfully produce antibodies after vaccination, and very few people will not be immunized (the same is true for other vaccines such as hepatitis B vaccine). On the other hand, even if antibodies are produced, immunity will decline with age, and it is still possible to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Therefore, BCG vaccination is not once and for all. In daily life, we still have to take the following measures to prevent tuberculosis:

Avoid contact with infectious tuberculosis patients.

Improve the body’s resistance through various methods, such as increasing nutrition and proper exercise.

Pay attention to the ventilation of the room, develop good hygiene habits, and do not spit everywhere.

Don’t talk loudly, cough or sneeze at others. Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief when coughing or sneezing.

Regular physical examination, find suspicious symptoms and seek medical advice as soon as possible.

Wear a mask if you need to go out during the infection period, and quit smoking and alcohol during the treatment period.

Is it true that "ten tuberculosis and nine deaths"? Can tuberculosis be cured?

After the diagnosis, we must adhere to the principle of "early, regular, full course, appropriate amount and combination", and most tuberculosis patients can be cured.

After the diagnosis of tuberculosis, the general treatment principle is the principle of chemotherapy. The main function of this treatment principle is to quickly kill a large number of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the focus, so that the patient can be changed from infectious to non-infectious, stop infection, prevent drug resistance, and finally achieve the goal of cure.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be divided into four groups according to its metabolic state: A, B, C and D. Flora A is vigorous in growth and reproduction, with strong pathogenicity, accounting for most of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. B and C flora are mostly in a semi-static state, and occasionally there will be explosive growth. D flora is dormant, does not reproduce, and the number is very small.

Most anti-tuberculosis drugs can act on flora A, such as isoniazid and rifampicin, which have early sterilization effect, can quickly sterilize within the first 48 hours of treatment, so that the number of flora is rapidly reduced and the infectivity is reduced. The flora B and C are called "stubborn bacteria" because they are in a semi-static state, but killing the flora B and C can prevent recurrence. At the same time, anti-tuberculosis drugs have no effect on D flora.

In addition to taking anti-tuberculosis drugs for treatment, there are two therapeutic measures in clinic: symptomatic treatment and surgical treatment. Symptomatic treatment is generally used for toxic and hemoptysis symptoms of tuberculosis patients. For example, patients with toxic symptoms will only use glucocorticoid as appropriate to reduce toxic symptoms and inflammatory symptoms.

Patients with hemoptysis will use pituitrin to stop bleeding. If the situation is serious, patients will also stop bleeding locally through bronchoscope or insert balloon catheter to compress and stop bleeding.

In fact, the outbreak of tuberculosis in colleges and universities is not uncommon.

From August to November 2017, 29 cases of tuberculosis were diagnosed in Taojiang No.4 Middle School; Taojiang vocational secondary school diagnosed 8 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis;

In December 2019, there were many students in the Computer Department of Hebei Industrial Vocational and Technical College, who were sent to the local hospital for treatment because of tuberculosis.

Boarding students at school often have irregular diet, lack of nutrition and great learning pressure, which is easy to cause low immunity. If they have immune-related diseases such as AIDS, they are easy to induce tuberculosis. In addition, students live together, and the living space is relatively small, which constitutes a "hotbed" for the spread of tuberculosis.

As an infectious disease that has been discovered for a long time, the current BCG vaccine is effective in preventing severe tuberculosis, such as miliary tuberculosis and tuberculosis meningitis in children, but it can’t prevent the primary infection, and more importantly, it can’t prevent the recurrence of latent lung infection.

So at this moment, we should pay attention to prevent tuberculosis, do more exercise, get more sunshine, don’t stay up late to play games, strengthen physical exercise and enhance immunity. If you find yourself or your family or friends coughing, expectoration, failing to get well for two weeks, coughing up blood, low fever and sweating, you should explain the situation to the teacher as soon as possible and go to the hospital for examination in time.

Finally, I hope more people can understand the knowledge about tuberculosis, especially the students at school. Please protect yourself!

Original title: "22 people were diagnosed! Tuberculosis broke out in a university in Jiangsu, and this "white plague" has never gone far.

Read the original text

According to @ Ya ‘an Emergency Weibo News, at 17: 00 on June 1, an earthquake of magnitude 6.1 occurred in Lushan County, Ya ‘an City, with a focal depth of 17 kilometers; At 17: 03, an earthquake of magnitude 4.5 occurred in Baoxing County, Ya ‘an City, with a focal depth of 18 kilometers.

As of 18: 30, some towns and villages in Lushan County and Baoxing County were affected by the earthquake. Lushan County has not received any reports of casualties, and Baoxing County has one death, one serious injury and five minor injuries.

After the earthquake, Ya ‘an quickly launched the secondary emergency response to earthquake disasters. The Ya ‘an Earthquake Relief Headquarters urgently dispatched more than 800 municipal reinforcements such as emergency rescue, armed police, firefighting, medical care, public security and militia, and immediately went to the earthquake-stricken areas to carry out personnel search and rescue, wounded treatment, road rushing and mass transfer and resettlement.

At present, Ya ‘an City is making every effort to search and rescue the trapped people to ensure that no one is missing; Go all out to rescue the injured and minimize casualties; Go all out to transfer people to avoid risks and ensure that no casualties are caused by secondary disasters.

　　[In-depth study and implementation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era]

　　The important speech of the Supreme Leader General Secretary at the National Cyber Security and Informatization Work Conference, standing on the overall height of human historical development and the cause of the party and the state, condensed the historical experience of human development and the practical wisdom of the Chinese nation, accurately grasped the inherent law of the evolution of scientific and technological revolution and the valuable enlightenment of social production reform, scientifically analyzed the trend of informatization reform and the historical mission we shouldered, and systematically explained the rich connotation of the strategic thinking of strengthening the country through the network. Profound answers to a series of important theoretical and practical questions related to the development of the network information industry have clearly defined the direction of progress and provided fundamental follow-up for grasping the historical opportunity of the information revolution, strengthening network security and informatization, and accelerating the construction of a network power. The grand blueprint is drawn on a piece of paper, and the great cause of the beginning is broken. "People-centered" has laid a heavy foundation for this important historical document, and "Building a network power" has played an inspiring sound of this gorgeous movement.

　　Informatization has brought a golden historical opportunity to the Chinese nation.

　　Human society has experienced agricultural revolution and industrial revolution, and is experiencing information revolution. Every industrial revolution has greatly enhanced human survival ability and brought about all-round changes in economy and politics. In the long agricultural society, China used to be an economic power in the world, creating a splendid civilization, but later missed the industrial revolution, lost the historical opportunity to make progress with the world, and gradually fell into a passive position. Through the efforts of several generations, we have never been so close to the goal of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as we are today, and we have never been more confident and capable of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as we are today.

　　At present and in the future, the goal of China’s development is to achieve the goal of "two hundred years". The information revolution has enhanced human brain power, is bringing another leap in productivity, and has caused wider economic and social changes. New technology brings a new economy, and the new economy promotes new formats. Information network, biotechnology, clean energy, new materials and advanced manufacturing have given birth to a number of subversive technologies. New network forms such as industrial Internet, Internet of Things and Internet of Vehicles are constantly emerging, and application technologies such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence are expanding and upgrading. The 5G era is opening, and the digital economy is becoming an important driving force for global industrial change and economic growth. Major countries in the world are stepping up their layout of high-end fields in an effort to seize the commanding heights of future competition.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Informatization has brought a golden opportunity to the Chinese nation." We must seize this precious opportunity, make great efforts to promote the deep integration of information network technology and the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, adhere to intelligent manufacturing as the main direction of the integration of the two industries, give full play to the dual advantages of a manufacturing power and a network power, and promote the transformation of the industrial economy into a data-driven innovation system and development model. Greatly improve the supporting capacity of network facilities, core technology innovation capacity, industrial integration leading capacity, cyberspace protection capacity and network management capacity according to law, promote the deep integration of information network technologies such as Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with manufacturing industry, lay out industrial Internet in a forward-looking way, vigorously develop intelligent integrated industries, build a group of platform-based enterprises with ecological control, and build a new form of digital economy with networking, intelligence, service and synergy. Informatization will inject surging momentum into the Chinese dream of winning the victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way, winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The new era has brought unparalleled historical achievements to the network letter cause.

　　In the 24 years since accessing the Internet, we have correctly handled the relationship between security and development, openness and autonomy, management and service, and made remarkable achievements in promoting the development of the Internet. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee has attached importance to, developed and governed the Internet, made overall plans and coordinated major issues related to informationization and network security in political, economic, cultural, social and military fields, made a series of major decisions and put forward a series of major initiatives, and promoted the historic achievements in the network information industry.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has made great efforts to strengthen overall coordination and top-level design, and promoted the formation of a new pattern of "one chess game" in online information work, and the system of Internet construction, management and application has been continuously improved. Efforts have been made to strengthen the construction and management of online content, and a number of normative documents on content governance, such as the Cyber Security Law, the Provisions on the Management of Internet News Information Services and the Provisions on Administrative Law Enforcement Procedures for Internet Information Content Management, have been promulgated and implemented, with stronger positive energy on the Internet, higher main melody and increasingly clear cyberspace; Focus on building a network security system to better safeguard the security of key information infrastructure and effectively safeguard the security and interests of national cyberspace; Efforts will be made to play the leading role of informatization, the digital economy will flourish, the online information enterprises will grow rapidly, and the achievements of Internet development will better benefit the society and serve the people; Efforts have been made to promote the reform of the global governance system of the Internet. The "four principles" and "five propositions" of the Supreme Leader General Secretary have been widely recognized by the international community. Cybersovereignty has increasingly become an international consensus, and China’s international discourse power and influence in cyberspace have been significantly enhanced. China is striding forward from a cyber power to a cyber power.

　　By the end of 2017, the number of netizens in China reached 772 million, with a total of 40.74 million new netizens in the whole year. The construction of network infrastructure was accelerated, the penetration rate of fixed broadband households reached 72%, the scale of 4G users reached 997 million, and the project of information entering villages and households was fully implemented; The digital economy is active, with a scale of 27.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.3%, accounting for 32.9% of GDP; Significant progress has been made in core technologies, and important breakthroughs have been made in the research, development, testing and verification of 5G network technologies. The NB-IoT technical scheme proposed by Huawei has been approved by 3GPP and has become an international standard. The overall evolution and upgrading of IPv6 has been accelerated, and China Telecom has built the world’s first commercial narrowband Internet of Things with the widest coverage, and 310,000 base stations in the whole network have been upgraded simultaneously; Information benefiting the people has achieved outstanding results, and coordinated the five major projects of network coverage, rural e-commerce, network intelligence, information services and network public welfare, and promoted precise poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation; Twelve countries related to the Belt and Road Initiative have built 34 cross-border land cables and a number of international submarine cables, China — The construction of the ASEAN Information Port and the China-Arab Online Silk Road Economic Cooperation Experimental Zone were first launched, and a large number of outstanding enterprises actively went abroad, providing high-quality information products and technical services to the Belt and Road countries in emerging industries such as broadband information infrastructure, big data, cross-border e-commerce, and smart cities, and contributing China wisdom to the digital economy development of the Belt and Road countries.

　　Promoting the construction of a network power in the new era with independent innovation

　　On February 27th, 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the first meeting of the Central Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization that the development level of informatization is determined by the development level of information technology and industry. It is necessary to strengthen independent innovation of core technologies and infrastructure construction, and emphasize the need to build a strong network country with its own technology and excellent technology. At the symposium on network security and informatization held on April 19, 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate", and the core technology is subject to people, which is our biggest hidden danger. Even if an Internet company is large in scale and high in market value, if its core components are heavily dependent on foreign countries and the "life gate" of the supply chain is in the hands of others, it is like building a house on the foundation of someone else’s wall. No matter how big and beautiful it is, it may not stand the wind and rain, or even be vulnerable. The core technology is the heavy weapon of the country, and the most critical and core technology should be based on independent innovation and self-reliance. The market can’t change the core technology, and money can’t buy the core technology. We must rely on our own research and development and development. If we want to master the initiative of China’s Internet development, and ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology and strive to achieve "overtaking in corners" in some fields and aspects.

　　However, due to the high complexity of information technology represented by integrated circuits, and the characteristics of "the strong will always be strong", although the annual compound value-added rate of China’s integrated circuit industry in 2013-2017 was 21%, about five times the global growth rate in the same period, it still lags far behind the world’s advanced level. According to the public information of the General Administration of Customs, the import value of integrated circuits has exceeded that of crude oil for three consecutive years since 2015. Among them, in 2017, the import value of integrated circuits reached 377 billion pieces, amounting to 260.1 billion US dollars, accounting for 14.1% of the import value of goods of 12.46 trillion yuan in the same period. On the evening of April 16th, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued an export ban on ZTE, which led to the crisis of ZTE, which truly reflected the dilemma that China’s information industry lacked "core" and "soul".

　　The breakthrough of core technology lies not only in technical difficulties, but also in the dilemma of ecological chain and industrial chain. Because foreign countries have taken the lead in core technology and developed numerous application software and services around their chips and operating systems, if they simply make technological breakthroughs, they will still be unable to get rid of the dilemma of being controlled by others if they cannot be mass-produced and industrialized. Therefore, in this speech, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader particularly emphasized that it is necessary to grasp the construction of the industrial system and make joint efforts in technology, industry and policy. It is necessary to follow the law of technological development, do a good job in systematic technological layout, choose the best among the best, and make key breakthroughs. It is necessary to strengthen centralized and unified leadership, improve the institutional environment such as finance, taxation, international trade, talent and intellectual property protection, optimize the market environment, and better release the innovation vitality of various innovation subjects. We should cultivate a fair market environment, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, and oppose monopoly and unfair competition. It is necessary to open a green channel for the connection between basic research and technological innovation, and strive to drive breakthroughs in applied technology groups with basic research. Only when independent innovation achieves a breakthrough in core technology can we truly build a network power.

　　Constructing concentric circles on and off the internet with comprehensive network management

　　Since we connected to the Internet, we have insisted on managing the Internet according to law, running the Internet according to law and surfing the Internet according to law, so that the Internet can run healthily on the track of the rule of law. Cyberspace is not an "extra-legal place". Cyberspace is virtual, but it is realistic to use the main body of cyberspace. Everyone should abide by the law and clarify the rights and obligations of all parties. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of network ethics and network civilization, give play to the guiding role of moral education, nourish cyberspace and repair network ecology with outstanding achievements of human civilization. Cyberspace is the common spiritual home of hundreds of millions of people. Cyberspace is clear and the ecology is good, which is in line with the interests of the people. Cyberspace is smoky and ecological deterioration, which is not in the interests of the people. No one wants to live in a space full of falsehood, fraud, attack, abuse, terror, pornography and violence. On the one hand, it is necessary to prevent illegal and illegal information such as inciting subversion of state power, inciting ethnic and religious hatred and terrorism, and pornographic, violent and bloody information; On the other hand, we should also give play to the role of public opinion supervision, including internet supervision. Leading cadres should follow the online mass line and welcome well-intentioned criticism.

　　To achieve the goal of "two hundred years", all aspects of society need to work together, and people of all ethnic groups in the country need to think in one place and work hard in one place. If a society has no common ideals, goals and values, and it is noisy all day, nothing can be done. We should improve the ability of comprehensive network governance, and form a comprehensive network governance pattern with the participation of multi-subjects, such as party Committee leadership, government management, enterprise responsibility, social supervision and self-discipline of netizens, and the combination of economic, legal and technical means. It is necessary to strengthen positive online publicity, adhere to the correct political direction, public opinion orientation and value orientation, unite and unite hundreds of millions of netizens with Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, carry out in-depth education on ideals and beliefs, deepen publicity and education on Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese Dream in the New Era, actively cultivate and practice socialist core values, promote innovations in online publicity concepts, contents, forms, methods and means, grasp the timeliness and effectiveness, and build concentric circles online and offline to achieve better cohesion.

　　Let the people have more sense of gain, happiness and security.

　　The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the people-centered development idea and the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has always stressed that the development of online information business should adapt to people’s expectations and needs, speed up the popularization of information services, reduce application costs, and provide useful, affordable and well-used information services for the people; It is necessary to do a good job in the deep integration of informationization and industrialization, develop intelligent manufacturing, and drive more people to innovate and start businesses; It is necessary to improve the level of intelligent agricultural production and network management and help farmers increase their income; Implement "Internet+education", "Internet+medical care" and "internet plus culture" to promote the equalization of basic public services; We can give full play to the role of the Internet in boosting poverty alleviation, and promote precision poverty alleviation and precision poverty alleviation; We can speed up the promotion of e-government, encourage government departments at all levels to break down information barriers and improve service efficiency, and so on.

　　The internet has indeed brought tangible convenience to the people. With the implementation of the broadband China strategy, it is estimated that by 2020, broadband network will basically cover all administrative villages, keep pace with the process of overall well-off, open up the "last mile" of network infrastructure, and let more people use the Internet. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out, the online information business represents a new productive force and a new development direction. We should take the lead in practicing the new development concept and focus on building a modern economic system and achieving high-quality development. It is necessary to develop the digital economy, constantly promote new industries, new formats and new models, and promote new development with new kinetic energy. It is necessary to promote the digitalization of industries, transform traditional industries in an all-round, all-round and all-round way by using new technologies and applications of the Internet, and release the amplification, superposition and multiplication of numbers on economic development. It is necessary to use information technology to promote the openness of government affairs and party affairs, accelerate the promotion of e-government, and build an integrated online service platform for the whole process to better solve the problems of difficulty, slowness and complexity that enterprises and the masses have strongly reflected.

　　Under the guidance of the strategic thought of network power, implementing the people-centered development thought, and taking improving people’s well-being as the starting point and foothold of information development, our network power construction is sailing and breaking waves.

　　(Author: Zhi Zhenfeng, researcher and doctoral supervisor of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences)