Evacuate! Before the rainstorm-Chongqing Meteorological Bureau’s ＂One Circle, One Line and One Network＂ laid a hard battle for flood control.
On June 26, Wu Yijiang, a villager who lives in Luping Village, Zhouxi Township, Chengkou County, Chongqing, received the rainstorm warning information and evacuated with a family of five before the rainstorm. Although the house was seriously affected, none of the whole family was injured. On July 5, before the flood peak arrived, more than 20,000 residents along the Qijiang River were evacuated safely. On July 7th, 69 villagers from Group 7, Xingguang Village, Jiagao Town, fengjie county helped the elderly and took care of the young, and evacuated to safety before their houses were destroyed … Since the flood season this year, Chongqing has experienced four regional rainstorms.
When visiting the disaster, what the reporter heard most was "safe evacuation" and "saving the day"-every successful evacuation cannot be separated from accurate and timely forecasting and early warning.
A circle of wisdom
Rainstorm is a difficult problem that Chongqing weather forecasters have to face every flood season. In order to seek the optimal solution of accurate forecast, the meteorological department of Chongqing has made great efforts in technology to continuously update and iterate the smart weather.
"We have added two important modules in the flood season this year. The early warning of extreme convective weather can reduce the warning range to 15 kilometers, and the quick report of severe convective weather disasters can realize the real-time targeted release of local extreme weather." Li Qiang, chief forecaster of Chongqing Meteorological Observatory, demonstrated the "Natural Talent Intelligent Weather Forecast System" to reporters. After entering the warning interface of extreme severe convective weather approaching, he pointed to a small green circular area in Yubei District on the map and introduced: "Before the extreme weather of the authorities reaches the threshold, the system will mark a circle in the corresponding area in advance, and at the same time, it will automatically generate high-risk warning tips for disasters for forecasters to verify."
How useful is this "circle"? The early warning short message release record in "Yutian Intelligent Early Warning Information Release System" gives the answer-
"At 9: 53 on July 8, the warning information of extreme precipitation approaching was sent to 3,299 people in the disaster-affected area of Liangqiao Village in Yubei District", "At 10: 29 on July 8, the warning information of extreme precipitation approaching was sent to 19,174 people in the disaster-affected area of Youting Town in Dazu District" … After the forecaster demarcated the location and scope of the "circle", the system will accurately target the release through the early warning information release center.
From 9: 30 to 12: 00 on July 8, there was a general rainstorm in Youting Town, Dazu District, and the storefronts of Liehuo Village and the railway station community stores were flooded. The local area quickly organized the transfer of 410 people. Prior to this, the local people just received early warning information from the meteorological department on their mobile phones.
A An Lan "Line"
There are many winding "lines" on the map of Chongqing, and each line represents a river. Among them, there are many cross-border rivers, including 81 in Sichuan and Chongqing alone. As a city with mountains and rivers, 80% of the towns are built by mountains and rivers. "Upstream precipitation, downstream flood control", for the people on both sides of the river, keeping a "line" of An Lan will keep peace.
In recent years, in many confrontations with basin floods, a set of meteorological linkage mechanism of upstream and downstream cooperative operations has gradually taken shape, and with the deepening of cooperation in recent years-relying on the construction of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area, the meteorological departments of Chongqing and Sichuan have strengthened information sharing, written "jointly improving the monitoring and early warning ability of meteorological disasters" into the meteorological support planning outline for the construction of the twin-city economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area, and cooperated to build the capacity building of grassroots meteorological disaster early warning services in adjacent areas, and jointly built "one account" and "one map".
In 2020, the meteorological departments of Chongqing, Sichuan and Guizhou provinces will establish meteorological information exchange groups to share the latest forecasts and rainfall facts, and promote the real-time sharing of meteorological information in Southwest China.
In the Special Report on Important Meteorological Information issued by Chongqing Meteorological Observatory on July 4, the forecast map of Chongqing was followed by the precipitation forecast map of Sichuan and Guizhou, which clearly pointed out that there was heavy rainfall in Qujiang River Basin and Jialing River Basin in Sichuan and Qijiang River Basin in Guizhou, and attention should be paid to preventing transit floods.
At 7: 23 on July 5, the Qijiang Meteorological Observatory issued a rainstorm red warning signal; At 17: 50, the flood peak of the Qijiang River reached 222.1 meters, and the over-warning water level was 1.6 meters. Qijiang Meteorological Observatory strengthened its linkage consultation with the Municipal Meteorological Observatory, Nanchuan Meteorological Observatory and Wansheng Meteorological Observatory, as well as Tongzi Meteorological Observatory and Xishui Meteorological Observatory in Guizhou. Meteorological warning signals were issued continuously, and relevant local emergency departments organized more than 20,000 residents in low-lying areas to evacuate to avoid danger in advance. All measures were effective and no casualties occurred.
An early warning "net"
In the complex and intertwined disaster chain, meteorological factors are often at the forefront. Only by promoting the transformation from disastrous weather forecast to meteorological disaster risk early warning can the comprehensive risk prevention and control ability be improved.
At present, Chongqing has realized the directional and regular release of early warning information to mobile phone users in disaster high-risk areas. At 0: 47 on July 8, the early warning information was sent to all 350,000 people in Cuntan Town, Yubei in two minutes at a speed of 3,000 pieces per second-not only the local flood controller, but also any mobile phone user in the area. Even foreign tourists can receive early warning at the first time and avoid risks in time.
Based on the historical data of Chongqing disaster and the statistical analysis of regional rainstorm process, the Municipal Meteorological Bureau has established the four-level early warning grade standard of regional rainstorm disaster, the grade standard of three risk areas of district (county) rainstorm disaster, and the business process of rainstorm disaster risk early warning. Based on this, the "Rainstorm Disaster Early Warning Response Municipal Command and Dispatching Plan" was issued. Chongqing Disaster Reduction Committee has established a corresponding rainstorm disaster prevention command and dispatch mechanism, a four-level leading cadre responsibility mechanism for emergency rescue and disaster relief, and required disaster-related municipal departments to formulate response processes one by one according to the risk level.
The formation of "municipal-district-county-township-village" four-level early warning system and "municipal-district-county-township-village-group-household" six-level early warning communication system has made this early warning "net" more dense. At present, through the emergency broadcast, television, and mobile phone, the Chongqing early warning App is released, and the early warning information is initially realized from village to household.
On July 9, the last round of rainfall has ended, and Chongqing has a beautiful appearance after the rain. However, for the meteorologists in Chongqing, this tough battle has just started in the flood season, and they will continue to compete with the rainstorm to protect the people. (Zhou Hao, Li Qiang, Wei Xianrong, Chen Chen, Zuo Yanli and Zhao Jiuli contributed to this article)
(Author: Puxi Editor: Zhang Lin)