Have you managed the details that waist circumference and weight can prevent diabetes？

　　Diabetes is a group of lifelong metabolic diseases caused by multiple causes and characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The data shows that the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes in adults in China (in 2013) was 10.4%, which means that one in every 10 adults suffers from diabetes. As we all know, obesity and diabetes are closely related, and obese people are more likely to get type 2 diabetes. Therefore, in order to control type 2 diabetes and its related complications, it is imperative to solve the obesity problem.

　　How to define obesity? Generally, two indicators need to be measured: waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). The waist circumference of men is ≧ 90cm, and that of women is ≧ 85cm, which means abdominal obesity, and the risk of diabetes will increase obviously; The other is to calculate the body mass index (BMI), that is, divide your weight by the square of your height (kg/m2) to get the value, and BMI≧28 is obese, which accounts for about 60% of diabetic patients. Of course, now compare the indicators to measure obesity, such as calculating belly fat content.

　　There is a process from obesity to diabetes. If you are obese, you will get diabetes immediately, but obese people will suffer from insulin resistance because of the accumulation of fat in the body. When insulin secretion in the human body is insufficient, the role of glucose synthesis glycogen and glucose decomposition will be weakened, resulting in an increase in blood glucose concentration beyond the normal value, which in turn leads to diabetes. People’s stomachs are like warehouses for storing fat, and the fat is not easy to consume and decompose, so the warehouses are getting bigger and bigger. Therefore, those asymmetrical obese people we see every day, such as bigger stomachs and thinner legs, are also high-risk groups for diabetes.

　　In recent years, the incidence of diabetes tends to be younger, which has a lot to do with unreasonable diet. Type 2 diabetes can be simply understood as eating diabetes. Few teenagers got sick more than 10 years ago, but now there are more and more teenagers. Eating more, eating well, eating well and having little exercise are the main reasons. Therefore, we should guide them from the aspects of diet structure, living habits, exercise and psychological counseling.

　　At present, it is an effective way to control blood sugar for diabetic patients to reach the standard and maintain normal weight. Diabetic patients must keep a regular diet every day, eat less and eat more meals, and don’t overeat, so as to avoid excessive blood sugar fluctuations; Drink plenty of water to replenish the water needed by the body, otherwise it will easily cause dehydration and even hyperviscosity; Eat less fruits with high sugar content, such as bananas and ripe mangoes, and eat fruits with low sugar content, such as oranges, strawberries, cherries and grapefruit.

　　At the same time, I suggest you pay attention to your health indicators regularly. People over the age of 40 go to the hospital to check their fasting blood sugar at least once a year. Under normal circumstances, the fasting blood sugar of normal people is below 6.1. If it is higher than 5.7, we should be vigilant.

　　Interviewed experts: Mother Yiming, Chief Physician of Endocrinology Department, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital.